连云港市区健康成人血清尿酸浓度参考值范围的调查

目的 观察健康成年人血清尿酸(UA)是否存在性别、年龄及地区差异;建立本地区的参考值范围.方法 在全自动生化分析仪上对3841例健康成人的血清UA进行测定,然后按性别、年龄分组进行比较.结果 血清中的UA存在明显的性别差异,且女性组随年龄升高而呈上升趋势,将检测数据与文献报道数据比较,证实存在地区差异.结论 血清UA需要按性别、年龄分别制定参考值范围.     

Normative Reference Values and Validity for the 30-Second Chair-Stand Test in Healthy Young Adults

BackgroundClinicians often use physical performance tests (PPT) to measure performance measures in sports since they are easy to administer, portable, and cost-efficient. However, PPT often lack good or known psychometric properties. Perhaps, the 30-second chair-stand test (30CST) would be a good functional test in athletic populations as it has been shown to demonstrate good psychometric properties in older adults.Hypothesis/PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine normative values for and concurrent, convergent and discriminative validity of 30CST for healthy young adults aged 19-35 years.Study DesignCross-sectionalMethodsEighty-one participants completed this study. All participants performed two trials of 30CST, 5-times sit-to-stand (5xSTS), and lateral step-up test (LSUT). Investigators used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Leisure Domain (LD-IPAQ) to divide participants into insufficiently or sufficiently active groups based on the weekly metabolic equivalent of task per the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.ResultsParticipants (Mean + SD age, 25.1 ± 3.4 years; body height, 1.71 ± 0.09 m; body mass, 72.6 ± 16.1 kg; females 47) performed an average of 33.0±5.4 30CST repetitions. The 30CST performance was negatively associated with 5xSTS (r=-0.79 p=0.01) and positively associated with LSUT performances (r=0.51, p=0.01) when using Pearson correlations. In addition, the sufficiently active group performed significantly greater 30CST repetitions than the insufficiently active group (mean difference = 2.5; p=0.04).ConclusionsIn addition to finding a reference value for 30CST performance in young adults, investigators found that the 30CST displayed concurrent and convergent validity in assessing functional lower extremity (LE) muscle strength and discriminated between those with sufficient and insufficient physical activity levels. Training and rehabilitation professionals could use the 30CST for testing functional LE muscle strength for athletes in pre-season or during rehabilitation. Future investigators should perform studies to determine if 30CST predicts sport performance.Level of EvidenceLevel 2     

新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族血液淋巴细胞免疫表型参考值范围的调查

为了建立新疆维吾尔族和汉族健康成人血液淋巴细胞免疫表型分析参考值,并比较两民族在族别,性别等方面上是否存在差异,用单克隆抗体对75例维吾尔族和104例汉族健康成人外周血进行标记,用流式细胞术进行采集分析,读取数据并对比结果,应用SPSS11.0软件进行统计学分析。结果表明:新疆地区20-50岁的维吾尔族和汉族健康成人外周血淋巴细胞亚群参考值范围:总T细胞分别为(67.85±8.97)%和(69.98±10.14)%;辅助性T细胞分别为(36.86±5.74)%和(40.07±6.10)%;抑制性T细胞分别为(26.67±6.15)%和(27.16±6.29)%;CD4/CD8比值分别为(1.46±0.47)和(1.56±0.47);NK细胞分别为(16.91±9.89)%和(12.81±7.34)%;B细胞分别为(10.09±3.33)%和(11.78±3.81)%;CD3+/HLA-DR+分别为(10.05±2.95)%和(11.27±4.98)%;CD25+细胞分别为(1.76±5.26)%和(4·10±4.30)%。两民族在辅助性T细胞水平、NK细胞、B细胞及CD25+细胞上的差异有统计学意义;维吾尔族健康人群的男性与女性在辅助性T细胞及CD4/CD8比值水平上的差异有统计学意义,而汉族男女性T细胞亚群的差别则见于抑制性T细胞和NK细胞水平;维吾尔族与汉族男性在辅助性T细胞及CD4/CD8比值上的差异有统计学意义,前者略低于后者;维吾尔族女性NK细胞显著高于汉族(P<0.01),而CD25+细胞水平较低(P<0.01)。结论:族别和性别因素可影响健康人淋巴细胞表型分布,本研究建立了新疆维吾尔族和汉族健康成人血液淋巴细胞免疫表型分布参考值,并查明两民族在族别、性别方面的差异。     

健康青年握力与人体计量资料的相关性

目的探讨健康青年的握力与人体计量资料的相关性。方法采集32名右利手健康青年的年龄、身高、体重、前臂长、前臂围、手长、手宽和掌厚等人体计量资料,用Dynamometer G100型握力器测试右手握力。结果所有受试者的握力与除年龄(r=-0.009)以外的人体计量资料均有明显相关性(r=0.479～0.754,PP<0.01),且与手长和手宽的相关性更密切(r=0.850,P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果显示手长和手宽是握力主要预测因素(R²=0.723)。结论健康青年的握力与手部的人体计量资料密切相关,其中手长和手宽可以较好地预测握力大小。     

南昌市区健康成人血清尿酸参考值调查

目的调查南昌市区健康成人血清尿酸（blood uric acid，UA）的参考值。方法采用尿酸酶法测定1656例（男性946例，女性710例）健康成人的血清尿酸水平。结果血清尿酸水平呈正态分布，男女间有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。参考值为男性：（337．52±59．86）μmol／L，女性：（268．28±66．53）μmol／L，男性高于女性。结论该参考值基本上反映了南昌市区健康成人血清尿酸的水平，可供临床参考。     

厦门地区成年健康人群癌胚抗原参考范围调查

目的 初步建立厦门地区健康人群血清癌胚抗原(CEA)的参考值范围.方法 用罗氏Elecsys2010全自动电化学发光免疫分析仪及CEA测定原装配套试剂盒(电化学发光免疫测定法)对37 742例成年健康人群的新鲜血清进行测定,其中男性23 234例,女性14 508例,测定结果按CLSI C28-A3(《临床实验室参考范围的定义和确认》第3版)进行统计处理,按年龄间隔10年和性别分组,比较各组间及与推荐参考范围的差异.结果 本研究男性CEA总体参考范围为＜4.42 ng/ml,男性≤30岁,≤40岁,≤50岁,＞50岁CEA参考范围分别为＜3.84 ng/ml,＜3.96 ng/ml,＜4.77 ng/ml和＜5.45 ng/ml,≤30岁组与≤40岁组无明显差异(P=0.430 1),其余各年龄组均有明显差异(P＜0.01);女性CEA总体参考范围为＜3.89 ng/ml,女性≤30岁,≤40岁,≤50岁,＞50岁CEA参考范围分别为＜2.32 ng/ml,＜2.45 ng/ml,＜2.82ng/ml,＜4.15 ng/ml,各年龄组均有明显差异(P＜0.01).结论 厦门地区成年健康人群CEA的95％医学参考范围存在年龄及性别差异,CEA参考范围随年龄增加而升高,且男性明显高于女性,故不宜通用,调查确定参考范围与推荐参考范围有差异.     

成都地区成人听觉脑干诱发电位正常值测定

测定成都地区成人听觉脑干诱发电位(BAEPs)正常值。方法:95例正常听力成人,其中60岁以下72例,男34例,女38例,年龄20-75岁,平均40.7±10.3岁。记录C_z,参考电极A_1和A_2,地极FPz。耳机给短声(click)刺激,对耳耳机有白噪声屏蔽,刺激强度90和100dBHL。结果:本组BAEPs在10ms内Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ波出现率均为100％,Ⅱ波为90％,Ⅳ波仅为75％。各波潜伏期随刺激强度增强而缩短,且与性别无关。峰间期不受刺激强度影响,但要受性别影响。双耳潜伏期与峰间期的差值亦不受刺激强度(Ⅰ波除外)的影响,但与性别有关。Ⅲ～Ⅴ/Ⅰ～Ⅲ比值60岁以下,小于1.60岁以上为1.01,该比值与性别无关。结论:成都地区成人BAEPs正常值特点与国内一些作者报告基本一致。     

厦门地区健康成年女性CA125参考范围调查

目的 初步建立厦门地区健康成年女性血清CA125的参考值范围.方法 用罗氏Elecsys2010全自动电化学发光免疫分析仪及CA125测定原装配套试剂盒(电化学发光免疫测定法)对1 191例成年健康女性的新鲜血清进行测定,测定结果按CLSI C28-A3(临床实验室参考范围的定义和确认,第3版)进行统计处理,确定健康女性CA125正常参考值范围.结果 研究显示,CA125检验数据呈偏态分布.该研究确定厦门地区健康女性CA125总体参考范围为＜26.52 U/ml,与推荐参考值范围(35±0.7 U/ml)的比较差异有统计学显著性意义(P＜0.001).结论 厦门地区成人健康女性CA125的95％参考范围低于推荐参考范围,调查确定的参考范围与推荐参考范围有差异.     

两种标准化的握力测试方式对健康青年握力测试结果的影响

目的比较美国手部疗法协会和国民体质测定标准手册所推荐两种标准化的握力测试方式对健康青年握力测试结果的影响。方法采用Dynamometer G100型握力器,用两种方法分别测量32名右利手健康青年左手和右手的握力,各测试3次,取平均值。结果采用美国手部疗法协会标准测试方式所测得的左、右手的握力小于国民体质测定标准测试的左、右手的握力(P<0.05)。结论两种标准化测试方式有显著差异。建议临床研究握力需统一测试方式,并建议采用美国手部疗法协会推荐的测试方式。     

应用二维斑点追踪显像技术检测健康成人三尖瓣环位移值的研究

目的:应用二维斑点追踪显像技术测定大样本量健康成人三尖瓣环位移(tricuspid annular displacement,TAD),以建立TAD的正常值范围并研究其相关的影响因素.方法:选择健康志愿者478例,年龄18～77岁,平均(47.51±12.19)岁,利用Phillip Sonos iE33超声仪,取心尖四腔观采集二维图像,然后输入QLAB 6.2工作站获取TAD各参数:三尖瓣环中点收缩期位移(TADm),右心室游离壁(TAD1)与室间隔(TAD2)瓣环插入点的收缩期位移及右心室长轴缩短率(TADm％),分析TAD各测值与年龄、性别、身高、体质量及心率之间有无相关性.结果:获得未考虑年龄因素的TAD的各测值及TAD各测值在各年龄段的正常值范围.多因素回归分析发现,TAD1、TAD2、TADm、TADm％均与年龄呈负相关(P均＜0.001),且TADm％与体质量呈负相关(P均＜0.001),TAD各测值不受性别、身高及心率的影响(P＞0.05).结论:通过本研究得到大样本量健康成人的TAD各测值,年龄及体质量是其重要的影响因素,即TAD各测值随年龄增长而降低,TADm％随体质量增加而减低.     

A Quantitative Systematic Review of Normal Values for Short‐Term Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a known risk factor for mortality in both healthy and patient populations. There are currently no normative data for short‐term measures of HRV. A thorough review of short‐term HRV data published since 1996 was therefore performed. Data from studies published after the 1996 Task Force report (i.e., between January 1997 and September 2008) and reporting short‐term measures of HRV obtained in normally healthy individuals were collated and factors underlying discrepant values were identified. Forty‐four studies met the pre‐set inclusion criteria involving 21,438 participants. Values for short‐term HRV measures from the literature were lower than Task Force norms. A degree of homogeneity for common measures of HRV in healthy adults was shown across studies. A number of studies demonstrate large interindividual variations (up to 260,000%), particularly for spectral measures. A number of methodological discrepancies underlined disparate values. These include a systematic failure within the literature (a) to recognize the importance of RR data recognition/editing procedures and (b) to question disparate HRV values observed in normally healthy individuals. A need for large‐scale population studies and a review of the Task Force recommendations for short‐term HRV that covers the full‐age spectrum were identified. Data presented should be used to quantify reference ranges for short‐term measures of HRV in healthy adult populations but should be undertaken with reference to methodological factors underlying disparate values. Recommendations for the measurement of HRV require updating to include current technologies. (PACE 2010; 1407–1417)     

健康成人血浆D-二聚体免疫比浊法正常参考区间的建立

目的建立宝安区健康成人不同年龄段血浆D-二聚体免疫比浊法生物参考区间,为临床诊断和治疗提供更科学更有价值的参考依据。方法随机选取2014年6月~2015年1月深圳市宝安区福永人民医院门诊、住院及体检科不同年龄健康成人1 156例,其中男性417例,女性739例。按年龄分为18～49岁,50～59岁及>60岁三组。采用Sysmex CA1500全自动凝血分析仪免疫比浊法检测血浆D-二聚体浓度,采用SPSS19.0对数据进行统计分析,血浆D-二聚体浓度呈偏态分布,采用百分位数(P95) 表示参考区间的单侧上限,确定该区相应的生物参考区间,并分析比较不同年龄和不同性别之间血浆D-二聚体浓度之间的差异性。结果同年龄组男性和女性D-二聚体浓度水平比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.372~1.092,P均>0.05);18～49岁组和50～59岁组健康成人血浆D-二聚体浓度水平比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.954,P>0.05),>60岁组与其他两组比较,血浆D-二聚体浓度差异有统计学意义(t=5.972,P<0.05);18～59岁组D-二聚体正常参考区间为0~225　mg/L;>60岁组D-二聚体正常参考区间为0~297 mg/L。结论血浆D-二聚体浓度水平与性别无关,而与年龄有关,随年龄增高D-二聚体水平呈上升趋势。因此,不同地区应建立健康成人不同年龄段D-二聚体正常值参考区间。     

Left Atrial Volumes and Phasic Function in Healthy Children: Reference Values Using Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

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The Reference Values for the Chair Stand Test in Healthy Japanese Older People: Determination by Meta-analysis

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the reference values for the chair stand test (CST) in healthy older Japanese people. [Methods] Relevant research articles for the 5-repetition chair stand test (CS-5) and the 30-second chair stand test (CS-30) were identified by electronic database and manual searching. Research articles involving healthy Japanese people aged 60 years and older were included in a meta-analysis. Weighted means of the CS-5 and CS-30 were estimated by the random effect model as the reference values for the CST. Further, the effects of age and sex on the reference values were analyzed by a meta-regression analysis. [Results] Seven articles (21 data) and three articles (14 data) were included in the meta-analyses for the CS-5 and CS-30, respectively. The reference value for the CS-5 was estimated as 8.50 sec [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.93–9.07]; age and sex were not associated with this reference value. The reference value for the CS-30 was estimated as 17.26 times [95%CI: 15.98–18.55], and age was significantly associated with this value. [Conclusion] When the CS-5 and CS-30 are used to evaluate elderly Japanese people, the reference values for the CS-5 and CS-30 determined in this study would be useful indices.Key words: Chair stand test, Meta-analysis, Older people     

深圳地区健康成人506例超敏C-反应蛋白参考范围调查

目的:建立深圳市健康成人的血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的参考范围。方法:采用胶乳增强免疫(超敏)比浊法,定量检测506例年龄20～70岁的健康成人(男238例,女268例)血清hs-CRP浓度。结果:506例成人hs-CRP明显呈偏态分布。经对数转换,20～29岁、30～39岁、40～49岁、50～70岁各年龄组lg(hs-CRP)浓度差别有显著性(P<0.05)。男女之间差别无显著性(P>0.05)。各年龄组 hs-CRP中位数分别为 0.27 mg/L、0.48 mg/L、0.57 mg/L、0.85 mg/L。95％位数分别为2.52 mg/L、2.75 mg/L、3.32 mg/L、5.23 mg/L。结论;初步建立了深圳市健康成人血清hs-CRP的参考范围。在没有进行更大范围和更大标本量的国人hs-CRP参考范围调查之前,此数据可作为国人hs-CRP的临床应用和流行病学调查的参考。     

石家庄地区部分健康成人血清尿酸参考值调查分析

目的确定石家庄地区健康成人不同性别、不同年龄组的血清尿酸参考值范围。方法将1721例自20～60岁每间隔10岁男、女各分为一组,60岁以上者分为男、女两组,每组至少120例 将〈50岁的各年龄组视为青壮年,〉50岁年龄组视为中老年。均采用罗氏全自动生化分析仪检测血清尿酸浓度。结果本调查研究中男、女血清尿酸浓度均呈正态分布,经统计学分析表明,同年龄组男性和女性血清尿酸浓度比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001） 男性、女性青壮年组与中老年组血清尿酸浓度比较差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。男性除20～29年龄组外,各年龄组均数与男性总体均数之间比较差异无统计学意义（t=2.082,P=0.039 t=0.570,P=0.5790 t=0.156,P=0.876 t=-1.976,P=0.050 t=0.793,P=0.429） 女性除20～29年龄组外,各年龄组均数与总体均数比较差异均有统计学意义（t=-2.065,P=0.002 t=-3.188,P=0.002 t=2.859,P=0.005 t=4.514,P〈0.001）。结论血清尿酸浓度水平与年龄、性别有关,石家庄地区健康成人血清尿酸值有逐渐上升趋势,与现用正常参考值区间有一定差别,各实验室有必要建立自己的血清尿酸正常参考值区间并以此作为诊断的标准。