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1.
Elaine S. Coimbra Luciana M. R. Antinarelli Adilson D. da Silva Marcelle L. F. Bispo Carlos R. Kaiser Marcus V. N. de Souza 《Chemical biology & drug design》2013,81(5):658-665
In this work, we report the antileishmanial evaluation of twenty 7‐chloro‐4‐quinolinyl hydrazone derivatives ( 1 – 20 ). Firstly, the compounds were tested against promastigotes of four different Leishmania species. After that, all derivatives were assayed against L. braziliensis amastigotes and murine macrophages. Furthermore, it was investigated whether the antiamastigote L. braziliensis effect of the compounds could be associated with nitric oxide production. Compounds 6 and 7 showed a strong leishmanicidal activity against intracellular parasite with IC50 in nanogram levels (30 and 20 ng/mL, respectively). Appreciable activity of three compounds tested can be considered an important finding for the rational design of new leads for antileishmanial compounds. 相似文献
2.
Luciana M. R. Antinarelli Rafael M. P. Dias Isabela O. Souza Wallace P. Lima Jacy Gameiro Adilson D. da Silva Elaine S. Coimbra 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(4):704-714
The leishmanicidal activity of a series of 4‐aminoquinoline ( AMQ ) derivatives was assayed against Leishmania amazonensis. This activity against the intracellular parasite was found stronger than for L. amazonensis promastigotes. Neither compound was cytotoxic against macrophages. The compound AMQ ‐j , which exhibited a strong activity against promastigotes and amastigotes of L. amazonensis (IC50 values of 5.9 and 2.4 μg/mL, respectively) and similar leishmanicidal activity to reference drugs, was chosen for studies regarding its possible mechanism of action toward parasite death. The results showed that the compound AMQ ‐j induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential in promastigotes and in L. amazonensis‐infected macrophages, but not in uninfected macrophages. Furthermore, the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential was dose dependent in infected macrophages. We have established that promastigotes and L. amazonensis‐infected macrophages treated with AMQ ‐j were submitted to oxidative stress. This is in line with the increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Leishmania amazonensis‐infected macrophages treated with AMQ ‐j did not show a significant increase in the production of nitric oxide. Our results indicate the effective and selective action of AMQ ‐j against L. amazonensis, and its mechanism of action appears to be mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction associated with ROS production. 相似文献
3.
Amarith R. das Neves Ozildia S. Trefzger Natlia V. Barbosa Antonio M. Honorato Diego B. Carvalho Iluska S. Moslaves Mnica C. T. Kadri Nidia C. Yoshida Massuo J. Kato Carla C. P. Arruda Adriano C. M. Baroni 《Chemical biology & drug design》2019,94(6):2004-2012
Isoxazole analogues derived from the neolignans veraguensin, grandisin, and machilin G were previously synthesized with different substitution patterns through the bioisosterism strategy. These compounds were tested on intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis; the derivatives proved to be active against intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values ranging from 0.4 to 25 μM. The most active analogues were 4′ , 14′ , 15′, and 18′ , with IC50 values of 0.9, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.4 μM, respectively, showing high selectivity indexes (SI = 277.0; 625.0; 178.5 and 357.1). Overall, the isoxazole analogues did not induce nitric oxide (NO) production by infected cells; there was no evidence that NO influences the antileishmanial mechanism of action, except for compound 4′ . Trimethoxy groups as substituents seemed to be critical for antileishmanial activity. The SAR study demonstrated that the isoxazole compounds were more active than 1,2,3‐triazole compounds with the same substitution pattterns, demonstrating the importance of the bioisosterism strategy in drug design. 相似文献
4.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of 2‐((1‐substituted‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methylthio)‐6‐(naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl)pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐one As Potential HIV‐1 Inhibitors
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Lingzi Zhang Boshi Huang Huiqing Liu Christophe Pannecouque Erik De Clercq Peng Zhan Xinyong Liu 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(4):614-618
A series of novel S‐DABO derivatives with the substituted 1,2,3‐triazole moiety on the C‐2 side chain were synthesized using the simple and efficient CuAAC reaction, and biologically evaluated as inhibitors of HIV‐1. Among them, the most active HIV‐1 inhibitor was compound 4‐((4‐((4‐(2,6‐dichlorobenzyl)‐5‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐1,6‐dihydropyrimidin‐2‐ylthio)methyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide ( B5b7) , which exhibited similar HIV‐1 inhibitory potency (EC50 = 3.22 μm ) compared with 3TC (EC50 = 2.24 μm ). None of these compounds demonstrated inhibition against HIV‐2 replication. The preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these new derivatives was discussed briefly. 相似文献
5.
Viviane dos Santos Faiões Leonor L. Leon Marilene M. Canto‐Cavalheiro Eduardo C. Torres‐Santos Alice M. R. Bernardino Percilene F. Vegi Maurício S. dos Santos 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,83(3):272-277
In this research, a series of substituted 5‐(5‐amino‐1‐aryl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazoles were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antileishmanial activity. Among the derivatives, examined compounds 3b and 3l exhibited promising activity against promastigotes and amastigotes forms of Leishmania amazonensis. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated on murine cells, giving access to the corresponding selectivity index (SI). 相似文献
6.
Design,Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐9H‐pyrido[3,4‐b]indole Derivatives as Anti‐HIV‐1 Agents
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Penta Ashok Cui‐Lin Lu Subhash Chander Yong‐Tang Zheng Sankarnarayanan Murugesan 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,85(6):722-728
A novel series of 1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐9H‐pyrido [3,4‐b]indole derivatives were synthesized using DL‐tryptophan as starting material. All the compounds were characterized by spectral analysis such as 1H NMR, Mass, IR, elemental analysis and evaluated for inhibitory potency against HIV‐1 replication. Among the reported analogues, compound 7g exhibited significant anti‐HIV activity with EC50 0.53 μm and selectivity index 483; compounds 7e , 7i , and 7o displayed moderate activity with EC50 3.8, 3.8, and 2.8 μm and selectivity index >105, >105, and 3.85, respectively. Interestingly, compound 7g inhibited p24 antigen expression in acute HIV‐1IIIB infected cell line C8166 with EC50 1.1 μm . In this study, we also reported the Lipinski rule of 5 parameters, predicted toxicity profile, drug‐likeness, and drug score of the synthesized analogues. 相似文献
7.
Synthesis and Anticholinergic Activity of 4‐hydroxycoumarin Derivatives Containing Substituted Benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazole Moiety
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Sahar Mohammad Bagheri Mehdi Khoobi Hamid Nadri Alireza Moradi Saeed Emami Leili Jalili‐Baleh Farnaz Jafarpour Farshad Homayouni Moghadam Alireza Foroumadi Abbas Shafiee 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(5):1215-1220
A series of 4‐hydroxycoumarin‐derived compounds 8a‐p containing N‐benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazole motif were designed as AChE inhibitors. The title compounds were obtained conveniently using multicomponent click reaction. The in vitro anticholinesterase evaluation of synthesized compounds against AChE and BuChE showed that some of them are potent and selective inhibitors of AChE. Among them, 2‐chlorobenzyl derivative 8k showed the most potent activity against AChE (IC50 = 0.18 μm ). Its activity was also superior to that of standard drug tacrine. The kinetic study and molecular docking simulation of the most potent compound 8k were also described. 相似文献
8.
9.
Ozildia S. Trefzger Amarith R. das Neves Natlia V. Barbosa Diego B. Carvalho Indiara C. Pereira Renata T. Perdomo Maria F. C. Matos Nidia C. Yoshida Massuo J. Kato Srgio de Albuquerque Carla C. P. Arruda Adriano C. M. Baroni 《Chemical biology & drug design》2019,93(3):313-324
Using bioisosterism as a medicinal chemistry tool, 16 3,5‐diaryl‐isoxazole analogues of the tetrahydrofuran neolignans veraguensin, grandisin and machilin G were synthesized via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions, with yields from 43% to 90%. Antitrypanosomatid activities were evaluated against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. All compounds were selective for the Leishmania genus and inactive against T. cruzi. Isoxazole analogues showed a standard activity on both promastigotes of L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The most active compounds were 15 , 16 and 19 with IC50 values of 2.0, 3.3 and 9.5 μM against L. amazonensis and IC50 values of 1.2, 2.1 and 6.4 μM on L. braziliensis, respectively. All compounds were noncytotoxic, showing lower cytotoxicity (>250 μM) than pentamidine (78.9 μM). Regarding the structure–activity relationship (SAR), the methylenedioxy group was essential to antileishmanial activity against promastigotes. Replacement of the tetrahydrofuran nucleus by an isoxazole core improved the antileishmanial activity. 相似文献
10.
Synthesis,biological evaluation,and molecular docking studies of novel 3‐aryl‐5‐(alkyl‐thio)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazoles derivatives targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Navnath D. Rode Amol D. Sonawane Laxman Nawale Vijay M. Khedkar Ramesh A. Joshi Anjali P. Likhite Dhiman Sarkar Rohini R. Joshi 《Chemical biology & drug design》2017,90(6):1206-1214
A small library of new 3‐aryl‐5‐(alkyl‐thio)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazoles was synthesized and screened for the antimycobacterial potency against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra strain and Mycobacterium bovis BCG both in active and dormant stage. Among the synthesized library, 25 compounds exhibited promising anti‐TB activity in the range of IC500.03–5.88 μg/ml for dormant stage and 20 compounds in the range of 0.03–6.96 μg/ml for active stage. Their lower toxicity (>100 μg/ml) and higher selectivity (SI = >10) against all cancer cell lines screened make them interesting compounds with potential antimycobacterial effects. Furthermore, to rationalize the observed biological activity data and to establish a structural basis for inhibition of M. tuberculosis, the molecular docking study was carried out against a potential target MTB CYP121 which revealed a significant correlation between the binding score and biological activity for these compounds. Cytotoxicity and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies suggested that 1,2,4‐triazole analogues have an acceptable safety index, in vivo stability and bio‐availability. 相似文献
11.
Tashfeen Akhtar Muhammad A. Khan Jamshed Iqbal Peter G. Jones Shahid Hameed 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,84(1):92-98
A one‐pot method for the synthesis of structural type urease inhibitors, 2‐amino‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles, was developed. The structures of the compounds were established using spectroanalytical techniques and unambiguously confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis of compound 3o . The synthesized compounds were tested against jack beans urease, and most of the compounds ( 3c , 3g , 3j , 3k , 3n , 3r – 3v ) were found more active than the standard. The most potent compound ( 3u ) had an IC50 value of 6.03 ± 0.02 μm as compared to the IC50 value of the standard (thiourea; 22.0 ± 1.2 μm ). The prominent urease inhibition activity of these compounds may serve as an important finding in the development of less toxic and more potent antiulcer drugs. The compounds were also investigated against four bacterial strains, and some of the compounds ( 3g and 3r ) were found more potent than the standard drug (ciprofloxacin) against all the tested strains. The MIC value for compound 3g was 0.156 μmol/mL against the tested bacterial strains. 相似文献
12.
Barbora Servusova‐Vanaskova Pavla Paterova Vladimir Garaj Jana Mandikova Jiri Kunes Lieve Naesens Petr Jílek Martin Dolezal Jan Zitko 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(4):674-681
This work presents synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of nineteen 6‐alkylamino‐N–phenylpyrazine‐2‐carboxamides. Antimycobacterial activity was determined against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, M. kansasii and two strains of M. avium. Generally, the antimycobacterial activity increased with prolongation of simple alkyl chain and culminated in compounds with heptylamino substitution ( 3e , 4e ) with MIC = 5–10 μm against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. On the contrary, derivatives with modified alkyl chain (containing e.g. terminal methoxy or hydroxy group) as well as phenylalkylamino derivatives were mainly inactive. The most active compounds (with hexyl to octylamino substitution) were evaluated for their in vitro activity against drug‐resistant strains of M. tuberculosis and possessed activity comparable to that of the reference drug isoniazid. None of the tested compounds were active against M. avium. Some derivatives exhibited activity against Gram‐positive bacteria including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (best MIC = 7.8 μm ), while Gram‐negative strains as well as tested fungal strains were completely unsusceptible. Active compounds were tested for in vitro toxicity on various cell lines and in most cases were non‐toxic up to 100 μm . 相似文献
13.
Discovery of Novel 2‐(piperidin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole Derivatives as Potential Anti‐Inflammatory Agents
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Xinning Wang Yang Zong Leilei Zhao Junhao Xing Jinpei Zhou Huibin Zhang 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(4):509-516
A novel 2‐(piperidin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole derivative 5 with good anti‐inflammatory activity was identified from our in‐house library. Based on hit compound 5 , two series of 2‐(piperidin‐4‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole derivative 6a – g and 7a – h were designed and synthesized as novel anti‐inflammatory agents. Most of synthesized compounds exhibited good inhibitory activity on NO and TNF‐α production in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, in which the compound 6e showed most potent inhibitory activity on NO (IC50 = 0.86 μm ) and TNF‐α (IC50 = 1.87 μm ) production. Further evaluation revealed that compound 6e displayed more potent in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity than ibuprofen did on xylene‐induced ear oedema in mice. Additionally, Western blot analysis revealed that compound 6e could restore phosphorylation level of IκBα and protein expression of p65 NF‐κB in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. 相似文献
14.
Andrs Villaseor Espinosa Danilo de Souza Costa Luiza Guimares Tunes Rubens L. do Monte‐Neto Richard Michael Grazul Mauro Vieira de Almeida Heveline Silva 《Chemical biology & drug design》2021,97(1):41-50
Four gold(I) complexes conceived as anticancer agents were synthesized by reacting [Au(PEt3)Cl] and [Au(PPh3)Cl] with ligands derived from δ‐d ‐gluconolactone. The ligands’ structure was designed to combine desired biological properties previously reported for each group. Ligands were synthesized from δ‐d ‐gluconolactone via ketal protection and hydrazide formation followed by cyclization with CS2 to produce the novel oxadiazolidine‐2‐thione 7 and 8 . Increasing of the ligands’ lipophilicity via ketal protection proved useful since all four gold(I) complexes showed anticancer and antileishmanial properties. The IC50 values are at low micromolar range, varying from 2 to 3 μm for the most active compounds. The free D‐gluconate 1,3,4 oxadiazole‐derived ligands were neither toxic nor presented anticancer or antileishmanial properties. Triethylphosphine‐derived compounds 9 and 10 were more selective against B16‐F10 melanoma cell line. Although similar in vitro antileishmanial activity was observed for the gold(I) precursors themselves and their derived complexes, the latter were three times less toxic for human THP‐1 macrophage cell line; this result is attributed to an isomeric variation of the D‐gluconate ligand and the oxadiazole portion, which was one of the key concepts behind this work. These findings should encourage further research on gold(I) complexes to develop novel compounds with potential application in cancer and leishmaniasis chemotherapy. 相似文献
15.
A systematic chemical modification in the triazine moiety covalently attached via suitable linkers to 4‐amino‐7‐chloroquinolines yielded a series of new 7‐chloro‐4‐aminoquinoline‐triazine hybrids exhibiting high in vitro activity against W2 (chloroquine‐resistant) and D6 (chloroquine‐sensitive) strains of Plasmodium falciparum without any toxicity against mammalian cell lines (Vero, LLC‐PK11, HepG2). Many of the compounds ( 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 27, 29 and 33 ) showed excellent potency against chloroquine sensitive and resistant strains. In particular, compounds 6, 8 , 14 , 16 and 29 were found to be significantly more active than chloroquine against the chloroquine‐resistant strains (W2 clone) of P. falciparum. 相似文献
16.
Núbia Boechat Maria de Lourdes G. Ferreira Luiz C. S. Pinheiro Antônio M. L. Jesus Milene M. M. Leite Carlos C. S. Júnior Anna C. C. Aguiar Isabel M. de Andrade Antoniana U. Krettli 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,84(3):325-332
Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in the world. The global importance of this disease, current vector control limitations, and the absence of an effective vaccine make the use of therapeutic antimalarial drugs the main strategy to control malaria. Chloroquine is a cost‐effective antimalarial drug with a relatively robust safety profile, or therapeutic index. However, chloroquine is no longer used alone to treat patients with Plasmodium falciparum due to the emergence and spread of chloroquine‐resistant strains, which have also been reported for Plasmodium vivax. However, the activity of 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives against chloroquine‐sensitive and chloroquine‐resistant strains of P. falciparum has been reported in the literature. To enhance the anti‐P. falciparum activity of quinoline derivatives, we synthesized 11 new quinoline‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids with different substituents in the 4‐positions of the 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole ring, which were assayed against the W2‐chloroquine‐resistant P. falciparum clone. Six compounds exhibited activity against the P. falciparum W2 clone, chloroquine‐resistant, with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 46 μm . None of these compounds was toxic to a normal monkey kidney cell line, thus exhibiting good selectivity indexes, as high 351 for one compound ( 11 ). 相似文献
17.
Design,Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,4‐dihydropyridine Derivatives as Potent Antitubercular Agents
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Nisheeth C. Desai Amit R. Trivedi Hardik C. Somani Kandarp A. Bhatt 《Chemical biology & drug design》2015,86(3):370-377
A series of novel 1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐dicarbamoyl derivatives bearing an imidazole nucleus at C‐4 position were synthesized in excellent yields via multicomponent Hantzsch reaction. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds 3a‐p were screened for antitubercular activity. Among all the screened compounds, compounds 3j and 3m showed most prominent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.02 μg/mL and SI > 500, making it more potent than first‐line antitubercular drug isoniazid. In addition, these compounds displayed relatively low cytotoxicity. 相似文献
18.
Design,synthesis, and in vitro antituberculosis activity of benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2‐b]pyridine‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives
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Yasodakrishna Sajja Sowmya Vanguru Hanmanth Reddy Vulupala Lingaiah Nagarapu Yogeswari Perumal Dharmarajan Sriram Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu 《Chemical biology & drug design》2017,90(4):496-500
A new antitubercular agents, benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2‐b]pyridine‐1,3,4‐ oxadiazole hybrids ( 6a–o ), have been designed and synthesized involving oxidative cyclization of hydrazones by use of di(acetoxy)iodobenzene, characterized by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR, and HRMS, and further confirmed by X‐ray analysis. All the newly synthesized compounds 4a–o evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC27294). Among the compounds tested, the compounds 4o (MIC: 1.56 μg/ml) and 4l, 4m (MIC: 3.125 μg/ml) are promising lead analogues and have shown lower cytotoxicity. 相似文献
19.
Design and synthesis of 4′‐((5‐benzylidene‐2,4‐dioxothiazolidin‐3‐yl)methyl)biphenyl‐2‐carbonitrile analogs as bacterial peptide deformylase inhibitors
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Firoz A. Kalam Khan Rajendra H. Patil Devanand B. Shinde Jaiprakash N. Sangshetti 《Chemical biology & drug design》2016,88(6):938-944
Herein, we report the synthesis and screening of 4′‐((5‐benzylidene‐2,4‐dioxothiazolidin‐3‐yl)methyl)biphenyl‐2‐carbonitrile analogs 11(a–j) as bacterial peptide deformylase (PDF) enzyme inhibitors. The compounds 11b (IC50 value = 139.28 μm ), 11g (IC50 value = 136.18 μm ), and 11h (IC50 value = 131.65 μm ) had shown good PDF inhibition activity. The compounds 11b (MIC range = 103.36–167.26 μg/mL), 11g (MIC range = 93.75–145.67 μg/mL), and 11h (MIC range = 63.61–126.63 μg/mL) had also shown potent antibacterial activity when compared with standard ampicillin (MIC range = 100.00–250.00 μg/mL). Thus, the active derivatives were not only PDF inhibitors but also efficient antibacterial agents. To gain more insight on the binding mode of the compounds with PDF enzyme, the synthesized compounds 11(a–j) were docked against PDF enzyme of Escherichia coli and compounds exhibited good binding properties. The results suggest that this class of compounds has potential for development and use in future as antibacterial drugs. 相似文献
20.
Vivian I. Bonano Jenicer K. U. Yokoyama‐Yasunaka Danilo C. Miguel Scott A. Jones Jeffrey A. Dodge Silvia R. B. Uliana 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,83(3):289-296
Tamoxifen has been shown to be active in vitro against Leishmania and effective in the treatment for leishmaniasis in murine models. Through the screening of a compound library of estrogen receptor modulator analogs, we identified the major characteristics required for antileishmanial activity. To overcome the difficulties presented by tamoxifen's propensity for E/Z isomerization, we used the 2‐arylbenzothiophene compound BTP as a more stable alternative. Directed screening of a small compound library based on BTP led to active compounds against Leishmania. Subsequent structure–activity data for the synthetic 2‐arylbenzothiophenes evaluated in this study indicate that optimal antileishmanial potency is dependent on the presence of two basic side chains. In addition, the primary structural features required for estrogen receptor binding, the phenols, are not required for inhibiting parasitic growth. Significantly, the most active antileishmanial benzothiophenes lack the pharmacophore for estrogen receptor activity and therefore address potential concerns about the undesirable effects of using selective estrogen receptor modulators in women and children with leishmaniasis. Three compounds selected from the screening have shown consistent activity against all species and stages of Leishmania in vitro although improvements in selectivity are needed. These compounds represent viable starting points for further optimization as antileishmanial agents. 相似文献