微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛(附75例报告)

目的 评价微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法 1998年至2003年采用微血管减压术治疗75例原发性三叉神经痛，对其疗效、并发症及不良反应进行分析。结果 73例有效(总有效率97．3％)，其中疗效优者70例(93．3％)，疗效良者3例(4％)，无效者2例(2．7％)；并发症有脑脊液漏1例、轻度面瘫2例、面部麻木6例、术后口唇嘴角处疱疹11例。不良反应包括头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐等。结论 微血管减压术是一种病因性治疗，具有治愈率高保持三叉神经功能的特点，是原发性三叉神经痛外科治疗的首选方法。     

三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗(附30例分析)

目的：介绍伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛３０例。方法：采用１．５ＴＭＲ影像、Ｇａｍｍａ－Ｐｌａｎ定位和治疗计划，γ－刀（ＬＥＫＳＥＬＬ）治疗。治疗靶点在三叉神经感觉根桥脑进入区，用４ｍｍ准直器，最大剂量７２～８０Ｇｙ，５０％等剂量线限定靶点；颅底肿瘤１２～１５Ｇｙ治疗。结果：随访３～２４个月。疼痛１００％缓解占６０％，疼痛缓解＞９０％占２３．３％，疼痛缓解＞５０％占６．３３％，总有效率８９．７％，２例无效，１例５个月后复发。无效和复发病人经再次治疗后疼痛１００％缓解。全组病人无任何并发症。结论：伽玛刀是治疗三叉神经痛一种安全和有效的方法     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛(附554例报告)

1 对象与方法 1 对象与方法 1.1 临床资料 1995年5月～2003年6月我们采用微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛554例,其中男228例,女326例;年龄23～85岁;病程1～42年.     

三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗（附30例分析）

介绍伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛３０例。方法：采用１．５ＴＭＢ影像。Ｇａｍｍａ－Ｐｌａｎ定位和治疗计划，γ－刀治疗。治疗靶点在三叉神经感觉根桥脑进入区，用４ｍｍ准真器，最大剂量７２－８０Ｇｙ，５０％等剂量线限定靶点，颅底肿瘤１２－１５Ｇｙ治疗。结果：随访３－２４个月。疼痛１００％缓解占６０％，疼痛缓解〉９０％占２３．３％，疼痛缓解〉５０％占６．３３％，总有效率８９．７％，２例无效，１例５个月后复发。无效和     

原发性三叉神经痛的微血管减压术治疗(附78例临床分析)

目的 探讨原发三叉神经痛发病机制并探讨乙状窦后入路三叉神经根微血管减压术治疗原发三叉神经痛的优点.方法 对78例原发性三叉神经痛患者实施显微神经血管减压术,并讨论其发病机制、手术方法、手术适应证、禁忌证和手术注意事项.结果 78例患者术后疼痛完全缓解77例,仅1例仍有轻微疼痛,无永久性并发症.结论 三叉神经微血管减压术是原发性三叉神经痛的一种针对发病机制的治疗,目前作为首选治疗方法.     

微血管减压治疗原发性三叉神经痛的手术技术探讨(附110例分析)

目的探讨原发性三叉神经痛微血管减压治疗的手术技巧。方法回顾性分析行微血管减压手术治疗的110例三叉神经痛病人的临床资料。术中运用无牵拉显露技术、电生理定位技术、责任血管减压技术及静脉保护技术。术中发现血管压迫107例,行血管减压;对3例未发现血管压迫者行神经梳理。结果术后疼痛完全消失105例(95.5%),明显减轻4例(3.6%),部分缓解1例(0.9%)。平均随访35个月,复发1例,经再次手术后治愈。结论应用解剖学与电生理学相结合,确定责任血管并予以妥善处理,是三叉神经微血管减压手术获得成功的关键;静脉保护不容忽视。     

微血管减压手术治疗三叉神经痛临床分析

目的：研究微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析75例显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的临床资料。结果随访10～35个月,71例患者症状消失,2例为手术无效者,2例术后约1 a复发,手术有效率达94·7％。结论微血管减压术是治疗三叉神经痛有效的方法。     

显微外科手术治疗三叉神经痛169例临床研究

目的　研究显微外科手术治疗三叉神经痛 (trigeminalneuralgia ,TN)的临床治疗效果 ;分析手术效果、并发症和随访结果 ,探讨可能的治疗机制。方法　 2 0 0 0年 12月到 2 0 0 3年 10月间 ,16 9例TN患者接受了显微外科手术 ,其中 14 9患者行微血管减压 (MVD) ,12例联合行MVD和神经根切断术 ,8例行肿瘤切除术。术前、术后进行直观模拟量表 (VisualAnalogueScales ,VAS)和McGill疼痛问卷 (McGillPainQuestionnaire)评分。患者全部进行了电话或信件随访。结果　术后疼痛消失 131例 ,疼痛减轻 36例 ,疼痛无变化 2例。按照Taha等的评估标准 ,16 9例患者中 ,12 8例治疗结果优 ,2 6例良好 ,8例中等 ,5例差 ,2例失败。术前、术后VAS评分分别为 8.86和0 .4 8;术前、术后McGill疼痛问卷评分为 5 2 .5 0和 1.94。统计结果表明手术前后疼痛改变有显著性差异。手术并发症多为暂时性。本组患者随访时间 134月 ,平均随访时间为 15 .3± 6 .5月 ,随访期间有 4例复发。结论　微血管减压解除了TN的常见病因 ,术后无面部麻木 ,完全保留了三叉神经的功能 ,是一种治疗TN的安全有效的方法。运用VAS和McGill评分进行TN疼痛强度评分 ,比简单的治疗效果分类 (如治愈 ,有效和无效 )更为客观和精确。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的病因学研究(附84例临床分析)

目的将三叉神经痛微血管减压术结果与术前磁共振血管成像对比研究,探索术前确定三叉神经痛病因的方法。方法利用MRI三维时间飞跃破坏性梯度回聚回波序列对84例三叉神经痛病人行颅脑扫描,观察三叉神经的走形与邻近血管的关系,其中68例行手术治疗。结果MRI显示患侧三叉神经与血管密切接触79例,手术治疗68例与MRI扫描62例阳性相符,2例为岩静脉压迫并蛛网膜粘连。结论血管压迫是三叉神经痛的主要病因,微血管减压术可取得良好效果,磁共振血管成像有益于三叉神经痛的术前病因诊断。     

三叉神经痛微血管减压术手术技巧及并发症分析(附238例病例报告)

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的手术技巧及术后并发症。方法回顾性分析2005年10月到2013年10月行三叉神经痛微血管减压术治疗的238例患者的临床资料。结果术后疼痛消失224例(94.1%),疼痛明显减轻10例(4.2%)。术后并发口周疱疹87例(36.6%),面部麻木、浅感觉减退者40例(16.8%),脑脊液漏5例(2.1%),听力下降者1例(0.42%)。随访3个月到6年,随访期间复发或无效12例,总体治愈率94.96%。结论微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛效果确切,有针对性的手术策略和细致的手术操作能显著减少并发症的产生。     

单独静脉压迫致三叉神经痛的临床特点及手术治疗

目的探讨单独静脉压迫致三叉神经痛病人的临床特点及手术治疗方法。方法回顾性分析11例单独静脉压迫致三叉神经痛者的临床症状及诊断方法,并行MVD治疗,术中根据不同类型的压迫静脉采用不同方法进行治疗,并长期随访,对疗效进行分析。结果单独静脉压迫致三又神经痛于动脉压迫者有不同特点,术后早期疼痛治愈率较动脉压迫者低,且有面部麻木等并发症。结论静脉压迫三叉神经根是三叉神经痛的致病原因之一,具有一定的临床特点,静脉可以是直接的责任血管,术中根据静脉的不同分型采取不同的处理方法,只要分离彻底,减压充分,多能取得良好的手术效果。     

显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床分析(附110例报告)

目的 探讨原发性三叉神经痛的病因及显微血管减压术治疗的手术技巧.方法 回顾分析从2003年11月到2007年1月本组施行微血管减压手术的110例三叉神经痛病例.结果 110例患者中,术中发现有血管压迫者107例,术后疼痛完全消失105例(95.4%),4例明显减轻,部分缓解1例.平均随访35个月,复发1例,经再次手术后治愈.结论 三叉神经根显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛疗效好,安全可靠,对神经的损伤小,应作为原发性三叉神经痛患者的首选治疗方法.     

耳后小切口入路手术治疗三叉神经痛1100例临床分析

本文报告自１９８４年１月至１９９３年４月，对诊断为原发性三叉神经痛久治不愈者１１００例，采用局麻、耳后小切口入路行桥小脑角探查术。据术中发现不同病因采用神经血管减压术、肿瘤切除术等治疗。本组死亡２例，近期总有效率为９９．５％。对本病的治疗方法、术式的选择、并发症和副反应的防治等问题，进行了讨论。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛74例疗效分析

目的 探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛(TN)的临床疗效和并发症.方法 武警江苏总队南京医院口腔科自2002年8月至2009年4月共行微血管减压术治疗TN患者74例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料和疗效.结果 本组患者术后均临床治愈出院,无死亡病例.术后颅内血肿1例(1.35%),术侧小脑水肿致非交通性脑积水1例(1.35%),颅内感染2例(2.7%),均经积极对症治疗后缓解.全部患者随访3个月～6年,无复发病例,遗留术侧轻微面瘫2例(2.7%),听力轻度下降1例(14%).结论 微血管减压术解除了TN的常见病因,保留三叉神经的功能,是治疗TN的首选方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of microvascular decompression on patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and its complications. Methods A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with microvascular decompression, admitted to our hospital from August 2002 to April 2009,was performed; the clinical data and thc treatment efficacy were analyzed. Results The total effective rate was 100% without death. Intracranial hematoma appeared in 1 patient (1.35%); edema of the cerebellum in the operated side caused 1 patient (1.35%) having non-communicating hydrocephalus and 2 (2.7%) having intracranial infection, and all were relieved symptoms after treatment. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 6 years; no recurrence was noted; facial paralysis in 2 (2.7%) and slight hearing-loss in 1were found. Conclusion Microvascular decompression, lifting the common cause of TN and fully retaining the function of trigeminal nerve, is the preferred method for treatment of TN.     

微血管减压或并感觉根部分切断术治疗三叉神经痛

目的 探讨单纯微血管减压术(MVD)与微血管减压并感觉根部分切断术(PSR)治疗原发性三叉神经痛的手术方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析210例原发性三叉神经痛患者的临床资料.其中142例行MVD手术,68例行MVD+PSR手术.结果 MVD组:术后128例(90.1%)疼痛消失,9例(6.4%)疼痛明显减轻,手术有效率达96.5%.随访期大于2年的82例患者中,74例疼痛完全消除,5例时有疼痛可药物控制,3例药物不能有效控制.MVD+PSR组:术后67例疼痛消失,1例疼痛无任何改善.随访期大于2年的47例患者中,45例疼痛完全消除,2例时有疼痛可药物控制.MVD+PSB手术近期疼痛完全消除率(98.5%)明显高于单纯MVD手术(90.1%),P＜0.05;术后2年MVD+PSR手术疼痛完全消除率(95.7%)仍高于单纯MVD手术(90.1%),但差异无统计学意义.结论 MVD+PSR手术近期疼痛完全消除率明显优于单纯MVD手术,术后2年仍较后者有更高的疼痛消除率,远期效果有待更长时间的随访;对责任血管的准确判断及合理处置是两种手术方式成功的关键;手术方式应根据术中情形并结合患者的个体因素、主观要求进行选择.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the technique and effectiveness of microvascular decompression(MVD)or microvascular decompression+partial sensory rhizotomy(PSR)on the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia.(TN).Methods 210 TN patients undergoing posterior fossa craniotomies for TN were retrospectively studied,among which there're 142 cases underwent MVD and the other 68 cases underwent MVD + PSR. Results Of the MVD group, pain vanished in 128(90.1%), obviously relieved in 9, and a total of 137(96.5%) cases were profited from MVD after operation. In the 82 cases with a follow-up more than 2 years, pain vanished in 74, pain sometime occurred in 5 which could be relieved by oral medicine (carbamazepine), the last 3 cases could not be controlled effectively by medicine. Of the MVD + PSR group, pain completely vanished in 67 cases, not changed in 1 case. In the 47 cases with a follow - up more than 2 years, pain sometime occurred in 2 which could be relieved by carbamazepine, the others were completely pain - free. The short - term pain - free rate in MVD + PSR group (98.5%) was obviously higher than the MVD group (90.1%), P＜0.05. After a follow-up more than 2 years, the former was still higher than the later in the rate of 95.7% and 90.1% respectively, but there was no significant difference in statistics. Conclusions MVD + PSR was obviously superior to MVD in completely eliminating pain in short - term period after operation, the former still has a higher pain - free rate than the later in two years after operation, however,longer pain -free rate need even longer time to follow up;identifying the responsible vascular exactly and handling it reasonably were the key to both groups; there are both merits and shortcomings in MVD or MVD + PSR, so how to choose a more suitable surgical method depends on the findings in operation, the patient's own opinion and conditions should also be considered prudently before operation.     

三叉神经痛外科治疗的现状及进展

三叉神经痛确切发病机制及病因尚不清楚，缺乏理想的外科治疗方法。比较目前诸多手术治疗方法，各有优缺点。经过长期随访和对照研究后认为，对一般状况较好，年龄不大的病人首选三叉神经根微血管减压术。老年人不能耐受手术，拒绝手术，愿意接受面部感觉减退的病人选择经皮射频热凝术。微血管减压或射频热凝术后复发者可再次行射频热凝治疗。三叉神经感觉根切断、三叉神经脊髓束切断和甘油注射治疗已少用或弃用。本文综述了目前常用的几种手术方法的研究现状和进展。     

Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: A critical reappraisal

The results of posterior fossa explorations for trigeminal neuralgia over the period 1980–1990 in 58 patients and in 59 procedures were studied retrospectively. In 51 procedures vascular compression was treated by microvascular decompression (MVD), In the absence of such a compression, partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) was performed in 5 cases and only adhesiolysis of thickened arachnoidea in 2 cases. In one additional case the procedure was terminated prematurely due to the development of cerebellar edema. Two months postoperatively a good or fair result was obtained in 80% of the procedures. At long-term follow-up (mean 77.3 months, range 8–146 months), a good or fair result was maintained in 71%. There was no significant difference in outcome between the MVD group and the other procedures, or between the three groups formed according to the type of vascular compression. However, in the group of 10 patients with a history of a procedure affecting the trigeminal ganglion or nerve root the result was worse. In the group of 41 MVD patients rendered free of pain at 2 months postoperatively, 8 patients perceived a recurrence. The annual recurrence rate was calculated to be 2.6%. There was no mortality in this series but the morbidity rate was 22% including 1.7% persistent neurological deficit. Compared to the literature results of percutaneous controlled differential thermocoagulation (PCDT), the recurrence and failure rates in the present series appear to be more or less the same. As neither of the two is an unequivocally more effective treatment, we are of the opinion that the less invasive procedure should be preferred. Moreover, the possibility that thermocoagulation might negatively influence the result of a subsequent MVD in case of recurrence underlines the need for a prospective randomised trial to clarify this issue.     

显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛预后因素的分析

目的探讨显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛影响预后的因素。方法经显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛并获得完整随访资料的187例病人，用时序检验及COX回归模型分析影响预后诸因素。结果近期疗效优者164例（87．7％），良者23例（12．3％）。平均随访期7．38年，随访期间33例有不同程度的复发，中位复发时间为6个月，临床总有效率为82．4％，且复发大多在术后2年内，单因素分析表明动脉性压迫、神经存在血管压迹及减压方式与临床有效率有关，而单因素及多因素分析均显示静脉性压迫为复发的主要因素。结论神经受压程度、压迫血管的类型及不同的手术方式为影响显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经病预后的主要因素。