中国心脏起搏事业40年

目前全球累计共有300多万病人接受了心脏起搏器治疗，其中中国大陆有6．3万人。每年全球新植入起搏器40万台，国内1．9万台。并且以每年15％的速度递增。起搏器已成为心律失常，特别是缓慢心律失常的首选治疗方法。1984年，美国职业工程师协会将心脏起搏器与半导体、激光等并列为20世纪上半世纪最杰出的十大发明。2001年，心脏起搏器与因特网分获美国国立工程院最高奖。     

Infectious mononucleosis in hospitalized patients over forty years of age

Clinical and laboratory features of 17 patients over 40 years of age (mean age: 55 years) admitted with infectious mononucleosis were compared with those of 17 adolescents (mean age: 13 years) hospitalized with this illness. Elderly patients with infectious mononucleosis were found to run a longer febrile course (13 vs. 7 days, p less than 0.01) and to have a lower peak total white blood cell count (6,600/mm3 vs. 11,000/mm3, p less than 0.001) and a lower incidence of splenomegaly (50% vs. 76%, p less than 0.05), lymphadenopathy (25% vs. 94%, p less than 0.001), and pharyngitis (25% vs. 47%, p less than 0.05), compared with young patients with infectious mononucleosis. Patients in both groups had a high prevalence of abnormal liver function tests. It is concluded that infectious mononucleosis in patients over 40 years of age is not as uncommon as previously reported, and that clinical and laboratory features differ between young and older patients suffering from this disease.     

龙岩市防治丝虫病40年回顾

龙岩市是以马来丝虫病为主的马来丝虫和班氏丝虫中、低度混合流行区 ,中华按蚊和嗜人按蚊为其传播媒介。 195 3年龙岩市首次在漳平县应征体检青年中查出微丝蚴 ,微丝蚴率为5 4% (2 7/ 5 0 ) [1 ] 。 195 6～ 195 7年唐仲璋等 [2 ] 对该市 6县进行调查 ,微丝蚴率为 2 2 .98% (2 94/ 34 5 5 ) ,体征阳性者 34人 ,流行率为 2 3.97% (82 8/ 34 5 5 )。 195 7年调查漳平县溪南区港牛农业社32 5人 ,微丝蚴阳性 148人 ,阳性率达 45 .5 4% [1 ] 。全市 2个县为马来和班氏丝虫病混合流行区 ,其余 5个县为单纯马来丝虫病流行区。1　防治情况195 8年首…     

Changing Patterns of traumatic bile duct injuries：areviw of forty years experience

AIM: To summarize the experiences of treating bile duct injuries in 40 years of clinical practice. METHODS: Based on the experience of more than 40 years of clinical work, 122 cases including a series of 61 bile duct injuries of the Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, and 42 cases (1989-1997) and 19 cases (1998-2001) of the General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, were reviewed with special reference to the pattern of injury. A series of cases of the liver and the biliary tract injuries following interventional therapy for hepatic tumors, most often hemangioma of the liver, were collected. Chinese medical literature from 1995 to 1999 dealing with 2742 traumatic bile duct strictures were reviewed. RESULTS: There was a changing pattern of the bile duct injury. Although most of the cases of bile duct injuries resulted from open cholecystectomy, other types from other type of trauma such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Lc) and hepatic surgery were increased in recent years. Moreover, serious hepato-biliary injuries following HAE using sclerotic agents such as sodium morrhuate and absolute ethanol for the treatment of hepatic hemangiomas were encountered in recent years.Experiences in how to avoid bile duct injury and to treat traumatic biliary strictures were presented. CONCLUSION: Traumatic bile duct stricture is one of the serious complications of hepato-biliary surgery, its prevalence seemed to be increased in recent years. The pattern of bile duct injury was also changed and has become more complicated.Interventional therapy with sclerosing agents may cause serious hepatobiliary complications and should be avoided.     

山东省华支睾吸虫病防治40年效果

目的观察40年来山东省华支睾吸虫病防治效果。方法利用山东省历年华支睾吸虫病调查及年度工作资料,进行回顾性分析。结果1960-1970年代,全省共107个县有华支睾吸虫病流行,人群感染率为1.51%,85.70%的感染者为15岁以下儿童。经过40年的综合防治及进入1980年代以后天气持续干旱少雨,85.00%的沟渠、坑塘已断流干涸,90.00%以上河水受到工业废水的污染,使华支睾吸虫中间宿主鱼、螺的生存条件和数量明显减少;因全民卫生知识的普及,97.90%的人改变了生食或半生不熟的食鱼方式,减少了感染机会。至2003年人群感染率降至0.04%;95.60%的村感染率降至1.00%以下;60.00%的流行县未再查出感染者。结论山东省华支睾吸虫病的流行范围逐年缩小,人群感染率降到历史最低水平,基本达到了控制该病的传播流行。     

青神县40年丝虫病的防治与监测

青神县为马来丝虫病低度流行区 ,分布于岷江以西 7个乡(镇 )、33个村 ,流行区人口 7.8万。据 195 6年调查 ,微丝蚴率最高的是西龙乡 ,为 2 .6 9% ,最低是罗波乡 ,为 0 .10 % ,平均微丝蚴率为 1.2 2 %。主要传播媒介为嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊。 195 8～1982年采取重点调查、普查普治、反复查治、疫点服药和防蚊灭蚊相结合的综合防治措施 ,1983年微丝蚴率下降到 0 .18% ,经省级验收达到基本消灭丝虫病标准 ,1986年以后微丝蚴率下降到 0 ,1996年实现了消除丝虫病目标。1　防治概况1.1　摸底调查和重点查治阶段　 195 6～ 195 8年在全县查出慢性丝虫…     

Rheumatology 50 years ago: a short personal history

This report reviews attitudes to the rheumatic diseases and treatment methods in use some 50 years ago. The focus is on Professor J. H. Kellgren's unit at the Manchester Royal Infirmary in the UK. For rheumatoid arthritis, aspirin, phenylbutazone, gold injections, antimalarials and prednisolone were all available and bed rest was probably overused. The Charnley hip replacement arthroplasty was being trialed but in 1960 had not been perfected. Kellgren and the two other great UK figures in rheumatology at the time, E. G. L. Bywaters and J. J. R. Duthie appeared to me to have only a limited interest in immunology, apart from the role of rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis and related conditions. Concentration remained to some extent on proteoglycans and collagen as befitting the 1950s concept of ‘collagen diseases’.