恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎22例

目的 观察恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的临床疗效.方法 选择慢性乙型重型肝炎患者43例,均给予护肝对症治疗,并加用血浆置换治疗.治疗组22例,用恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗.对照组21例不做任何抗病毒治疗.结果 治疗组生存率(81.8%)与对照组生存率(61.9%)比较,有显著统计学差异(P<0.01).结论 恩替卡韦联合血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎可明显提高患者的生存率,疗效显著.     

中西药联合人工肝治疗39例重型病毒性肝炎患者存活率分析

探讨茵栀黄注射液和促肝细胞生长素联合人工肝(血浆置换法)治疗重型肝炎的疗效.方法:39例重型肝炎患者在内科治疗基础上,给予茵栀黄注射液和促肝细胞生长素联合血浆置换法治疗71例次.结果:经联合治疗后,住院存活率为69.29%(27/39)较对照组41.12%(21/51)明显提高(P＜0.01).结论:中西药联合人工肝(血浆置换法)治疗可明显提高早、中期重型病毒性肝炎的住院存活率,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,宜在内科综合治疗基础上早期施行.     

低置换量血浆置换联合血浆吸附治疗42例重型肝炎疗效观察

目的探讨低置换量(2000ml)血浆置换联合血浆吸附治疗重型肝炎的临床疗效。方法选择42例重型肝炎患者在内科治疗的基础上采用低置换量血浆置换联合血浆吸附治疗,同期40例未进行人工肝治疗的重型肝炎为对照组,观察两组在临床症状、实验室检测指标及存活率的差异。结果低置换量血浆置换联合血浆吸附治疗组较对照组患者的临床症状,实验室指标及存活率均有明显改善,在统计学上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论低置换量血浆置换联合血浆吸附治疗重型肝炎是一种有效的方法。     

不同种类血浆用于慢加急肝衰竭患者血浆置换的疗效比较

目的:比较新鲜冰冻血浆、普通冰冻血浆及二者各半用于血浆置换治疗慢加急肝衰竭的疗效,评价普通冰冻血浆在血浆置换中应用价值.方法:选择2013-06/2013-12符合条件的慢加急肝衰竭患者114例,分为3组:38例用2000mL普通冰冻血浆,38例用2000 mL新鲜冰冻血浆,38例用1000 mL普通冰冻血浆+1000mL新鲜冰冻血浆两种血浆进行血浆置换.对3组患者血浆置换前后凝血功能和生化指标、治疗过程中的不良反应发生率、血浆置换后7 d生化指标和凝血指标反弹百分比及出院时好转率和死亡率进行比较.结果:新鲜冰冻血浆和普通冰冻血浆及二者各半的混合血浆中FⅡ:C(104.25%±5.43%vs 86.42%±8.76%vs 94.95%±7.52%)、FⅦ:C(88.26%±21.49%vs 89.59%±12.10%vs 88.63%±14.46%)差异无统计学意义(P0.05);FⅤ:C(103.28%±25.32%vs72.13%±21.49%vs 89.98%±22.33%)差异显著(P0.01);凝血功能的差异具有显著性(P0.05).3组患者血浆置换前生化指标和凝血因子及凝血功能没有显著性差异(P0.05);置换术后凝血因子、凝血功能及生化指标、治疗过程中不良反应发生率、血浆置换术后7 d生化指标和凝血指标反弹百分比及出院时好转率和死亡率没有显著性差异(P0.05).结论:在新鲜冰冻血浆短缺时,普通冰冻血浆可以部分或全部代替新鲜冰冻血浆进行血浆置换.     

TRAIL在重型肝炎患者PBMC和血清中的表达及血浆置换治疗前后的变化

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)在重型肝炎发病机制中的作用以及血浆置换治疗前后变化的意义.方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR反应检测30例重型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)TRAILmRNA的水平,采用ELISA法检测其血清可溶性TRAIL(sTRAIL)的水平,并与肝功能相关指标进行相关性分析.观察血浆置换(PE)治疗前后TRAIL的变化,比较治疗有效组和治疗无效组之间TRAIL水平差异.结果:重型肝炎患者PBMCTRAILmRNA的水平及血清sTRAIL的水平均明显高于健康对照组(0.0622±0.0227vs0.0059±0.0023,P<0.05;9.1058±3.2260vs2.4552±1.7485,P<0.01).mTRAIL和sTRAIL与肝功能相关指标总胆红素(TB)、白蛋白(ALB)以及凝血酶原时间(PT)均无直线相关性,膜型TRAIL(mTRAIL)和sTRAIL之间也无直线相关性.PE治疗后,肝功能相关指标改善;PBMCTRAILmRNA水平下降,治疗前后有显著性差异(0.0622±0.0227vs0.0214±0.0140,P<0.001);而血清sTRAIL水平...     

前列地尔联合舒肝宁治疗慢性肝衰竭疗效观察

目的:观察前列地尔联合舒肝宁治疗慢性肝衰竭的临床疗效。方法:将60例慢性肝衰竭患者随机分为治疗组30例,对照组30例,治疗组患者在对照组的基础上予前列地尔注射液联合舒肝宁注射液,对照组患者予还原型谷胱甘肽针、促肝细胞生长素针、血浆、人血白蛋白等内科综合治疗,疗程均为4周,观察两组患者治疗前后丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)、凝血酶原活动度(PTA)及白蛋白(Alb)等的变化,并对治疗有效率进行比较。结果:治疗组的有效率为73.3%,对照组为46.7%,两组差异有显著性意义(P0.05);在ALT、TBil、PTA、Alb及并发症发生率等方面比较,两组差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:前列地尔联合舒肝宁治疗慢性肝衰竭有较好的疗效。     

血浆置换法治疗慢性重型肝炎30例

目的：评价血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎的疗效和影响疗效的因素,探讨合适的治疗时机。方法：在内科综合治疗的基础上进行血浆置换治疗30例慢性重型肝炎患者,分析并探讨疗效、影响疗效的因素及治疗时机。结果：30例患者治愈或好转17例,有效率为56.67%。血浆置换治疗对慢性重型肝炎晚期的患者疗效较差。有效率不随血浆置换治疗的次数增加而增高。患者合并的并发症越多疗效越差。结论：血浆置换是一种治疗慢性重型肝炎的有效方法,提高慢性重型肝炎治疗有效率需早期治疗,积极防治并发症。     

血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的临床观察

目的探讨血浆置换(PE)治疗重型肝炎对患者生存率的影响。方法采用WLXGX-888型血液净化-人工肝支持系统治疗25例重型肝炎患者,与同期住院的重型肝炎患者23例作对照,观察两组患者的生存率。结果血浆置换治疗组患者生存率提高,生存率为68.0%,对照组为40.9%(P<0.05)。结论血浆置换安全可靠,可以提高重型肝炎患者的生存率。     

血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的临床观察

重型肝炎病死率高 ,目前尚无特效治疗方法。为探讨血浆置换在重型肝炎治疗中的疗效 ,提高成活率 ,我们对 16例重型肝炎病人在内科综合治疗的基础上加用血浆置换治疗 ,取得了一定的疗效 ,现报告如下。材料与方法一、病例为 1998～ 2 0 0 0年我院住院的 33例重型肝炎病人 ,16例为治疗组 ,男 15例 ,女 1例 ,年龄 19～ 5 0岁 ,亚急性重型肝炎 6例 ,慢性重型肝炎 10例 ;17例为对照组 ,男 15例 ,女 2例 ,年龄19～ 6 0岁 ,亚急性重型肝炎 7例 ,慢性重型肝炎 10例。两组病人各型肝炎血清学检查结果见表 1;肝功能情况见表 2。表 1　甲～戊各型肝炎病…     

血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎影响疗效的因素分析

目的分析血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎影响疗效的因素。方法回顾性分析血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎86例的临床资料,对影响临床疗效的因素进行分析。结果49例患者痊愈或明显好转,存活率为56.98%;37例病情恶化或死亡,病死率43.02%。死亡组年龄大于存活组(P<0.01);在肝硬化基础上发生的重型肝炎患者血浆置换的疗效低于在慢性肝炎基础上发生的重型肝炎(P<0.01);存活组凝血酶原活动度(PTA)、血清总胆固醇、甲胎蛋白及白蛋白水平高于死亡组,而血清总胆红素、内毒素水平低于死亡组(P<0.01);血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎早、中期患者疗效高于晚期患者疗效(P<0.01),慢性重型肝炎存在的并发症也影响血浆置换的疗效。讨论血浆置换的疗效与患者的年龄、治疗前的血清总胆红素、凝血酶原活动度(PTA)、血清总胆固醇、甲胎蛋白、白蛋白及内毒素水平有关。血浆置换治疗后胆红素水平反跳明显、PTA恢复不明显或甚至更低者的疗效差。我们认为血浆置换治疗>5或6次后病情仍未改善,血清胆红素水平下降不明显或反跳幅度明显、PTA恢复不明显或甚至更低者,有条件者应尽早施行肝移植术。     

Satisfaction with ambulatory care of persons with AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of patient characteristics and site of care to the perception of ambulatory care quality by persons with AIDS (PWAs). DESIGN: Patient surveys and medical record review were used to determine PWAs’ perceptions of their ambulatory care, self-perceived health status, primary care relationships, sociodemographic characteristics, and severity of illness. SETTING: A public-hospital HIV clinic, an academic group practice, and a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) that together care for 20% of all Massachusetts PWAs. PATIENTS: All active patients as of February 12, 1990, and all new AIDS patients at each of the three sites during the subsequent 13 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN BESULTS: The primary outcome measure was a six-item scale of patient-rated quality of care (PRQC), a newly developed measure that combined patients’ ratings of their physician care, nursing care, involvement in medical decisions, and overall quality of care. Multiple logistic regression was carried out with low PRQC (lowest quart He) as the dependent variable, to identify correlates of patient perceptions of poor quality. Patients who had a primary nurse were significantly less likely to have low PRQC scores (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.97). Black patients and patients who used injection drugs were significantly more likely to rate their care in the lowest quartile (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.04 to 4.78; and OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.13 to 5.23, respectively), as were those who had lower self-perceived health status, after controlling for confounders; no association was found by site or severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that primary nursing may be an important determinant of how PWAs rate the quality of their ambulatory care. Furthermore, PWAs who are black or who are injection drug users are less satisfied than are others with the quality of their ambulatory AIDS care. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, April 30, 1993, Arlington, Virginia. Supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, grant number HS06239.     

分析老年糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的效果

目的探讨甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖在老年糖尿病患者中的临床疗效。方法选取该院2018年7月—2019年7月收治的113例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,经随机数字表法,划分A组(n=56,阿卡波糖)和B组(n=57,甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖),比较两组临床疗效、血糖指标。结果B组患者临床治疗总有效率显著高于A组;经治疗,B组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于A组。两组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年糖尿病患者中应用甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖,临床疗效显著,使患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标得到了明显改善,安全性强。     

Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan

We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

小剂量垂体后叶素合并硝酸甘油治疗咯血

目的评价小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油治疗咯血的疗效及不良反应。方法将50例咯血患者随机分为两组,治疗组在常规治疗基础上（n=26）应用小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油;对照组（n=24）在常规治疗基础上仅应用小剂量垂体后叶素。分析其疗效及不良反应。结果48小时后治疗组有效率96.15％（25／26）,对照组有效率58.33％（14／24）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.012）;治疗组对血压影响小,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,对照组能引起血压升高的副作用（P〈0.05）;治疗组出现头晕头痛、胸闷、心悸、腹痛、腹泻、恶心呕吐、出汗、面色苍白等不良反应比对照组少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油治疗中量咯血比垂体后叶素单药治疗中量咯血疗效明显提高,且能减少垂体后叶素不良反应。