性别对海洛因相关环境线索诱发心理生理反应的影响

目的 了解康复期海洛因依赖者对吸毒相关环境线索的心理生理反应的性别差异.方法 采用自身配对设计,173例男性和235例女性康复期海洛因依赖者观看吸毒相关视频的同时给予海洛因模拟物及吸毒用具刺激,用生物反馈仪记录诱发前、中、后的心理生理反应.结果 环境线索诱发使男女海洛因依赖者的皮温随时间变化而不同,其中诱发中与诱发后阶段比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);环境线索诱发导致女性诱发中阶段的呼吸频率和诱发后阶段的皮温均低于男性(P＜0.01).结论 环境线索诱发对男女性的呼吸频率和皮温指标反应具有不同影响,且性别对皮温的影响随时间阶段的变化而不同.     

线索诱发海洛因依赖者心理渴求及相关因素分析

目的　了解环境线索对海洛因依赖者心理渴求的影响及其相关因素。方法　380名戒断 期海洛因依赖者暴露于海洛因相关环境线索,测量暴露前后血压、心率、瞳孔,Likert分级法记录暴露前 后的渴求程度,完成自编诱发后戒断反应问卷及自编毒品使用情况和一般社会学资料。采用配对t检 验,比较暴露前后渴求程度及心率、血压等生理指标的变化,运用逐步回归分析与线索诱发渴求相关的 指标。结果　暴露后渴求、心率、血压及瞳孔均明显高于暴露前,差别有极显著意义(分别为t= -15.02,-14.23,-8.12,-5.03,-14.65,P<0.01)。诱发渴求与毒品依赖自评分值、诱发后心率及 主观戒断反应呈正相关,与成瘾时间呈成负相关。结论　环境线索可以使戒断期海洛因依赖者心理渴 求明显增加,依赖自评分值、诱发后心率、主观戒断反应及成瘾时间均与诱发渴求程度相关。     

海洛因依赖者环境线索诱发渴求的影响因素分析

目的 研究康复期海洛因依赖者环境诱发渴求的影响因素.方法 从环境生物心理角度收集407例海洛因依赖者的人口学资料、社会支持、药物滥用与治疗情况、心理健康水平、气质性格特点以及自尊与自我效能感等,并进行海洛因相关环境线索诱发试验,评估诱发前后的渴求程度,采用非条件Logistic回归分析环境线索诱发渴求增高的影响因素.结果 回归分析显示,"诱发前渴求程度"、"亲密朋友同学有无吸毒"和"新异刺激寻求"3个因素是环境诱发渴求的影响因素(OR分别为1.36、1.71、1.62,P均小于0.05),其标准回归系数分别为0.31、0.54和0.48.基线渴求越高、亲密朋友同学中有吸毒行为以及明显的新异刺激寻求人格特性,则环境诱发渴求增高的机率越大.结论 环境线索诱发渴求程度的增高受生物环境心理多因素的影响,需采取综合干预模式降低渴求继而降低复吸率.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

目的 了解戒断期海洛因依赖者暴露在吸毒相关环境线索下神经电生理指标的变化特点.方法 采用自身配对设计,指导382例戒断康复期的海洛因依赖者进行放松训练后,观看吸毒相关视频及展示的海洛因模拟物及吸毒用具,同时采用多导联生物反馈仪记录环境线索暴露前后神经电生理指标,评估暴露前后的心理渴求程度,分析心理渴求程度及神经电生理各指标的变化特点.结果 (1)海洛因相关环境线索暴露后,心理渴求程度较暴露前增加[暴露前:(18±22)mm;暴露后:(29±29)mm],肌电[暴露前:(12±7)μV;暴露后:(14±10)μV]及皮肤导电性[暴露前:(6.8±4.3)μS;暴露后:(7.4±4.3)μS]均增加(P<0.01).(2)线索暴露中的脑电各项指标[δ波、θ波、α波、感觉运动节律(SMR)、低β波和高β波的百分率]均低于诱发前(P<0.01～0.05).(3)心理渴求变化与脑电θ波、α波和SMR呈负相关(相关系数为-0.13、-0.12和-0.12);除肌电、δ波外,上述各电生理指标与皮肤导电性之间呈负相关(Pearson相关系数为-0.18～-0.22);余各项指标间呈正相关.结论 海洛因依赖者暴露在吸毒相关环境时,诱发心理渴求反应增强,并引起多项神经电生理指标的变化.     

线索诱发海洛因依赖者戒断期心理渴求的功能磁共振成像研究

目的　探讨线索诱发海洛因依赖者戒断期心理渴求的特异神经结构,为寻找干预复吸的有效策略提供理论依据。方法　采用3 0T磁共振成像系统,对30例戒断期海洛因依赖者和17名健康对照者在观看自然风光和吸毒图片时行全脑扫描,识别线索诱发海洛因渴求的特异脑区。结果(1)与观看自然风光相比,观看吸毒图片可以诱导戒断期海洛因依赖者产生明显心理渴求(t=-6 535,P<0 001),且渴求程度与吸毒量呈正相关(r=0 464,P=0 01)。(2)共发现17个参与线索诱发海洛因渴求的特异脑区,主要集中在前额叶皮质和边缘系统,以左侧为主。自我报告渴求与激活脑区数目及左侧额下回、额中回、扣带回前部、额内测回,右侧眶额皮质、杏仁核和岛叶等7个脑区的激活体积呈正相关(P<0 05)。结论　多个脑区参与线索诱发海洛因渴求,既包括认知过程又涉及情感加工,不同渴求程度激活脑区数目与某些脑区的激活体积不同。     

强制和自愿戒毒者线索诱发海洛因渴求反应的差异

目的 比较环境线索诱发强制和自愿戒毒者海洛因渴求反应的差异。方法 208名强制戒毒被试者和172名自愿戒毒被试者暴露于海洛因相关环境线索,根据被试者的自我报告,采用Likert分级法评价线索诱发的渴求程度,填写主观戒断反应问卷、毒品使用情况和一般社会学资料,并测量暴露前后血压、心率及瞳孔。采用独立样本t检验,比较线索暴露诱发强制和自愿戒毒被试者渴求及生理指标的差异。结果 暴露后,自愿戒毒被试者的渴求分值明显高于强制戒毒被试者（P〈0．01）,强制戒毒被试者暴露前的收缩压和舒张压均明显高于自愿戒毒被试者（P〈0．01）,但暴露后两组血压未见显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论 环境线索诱发强制和自愿戒毒被试者渴求反应存在差异,可能与实验地点、调查者和测量方法的不同有关。     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.