脑血管痉挛中差异表达蛋白质的实验研究

目的 建立兔脑血管痉挛(CVS)基底动脉和正常兔基底动脉双向凝胶电泳图谱,鉴定差异表达蛋白,从中发现有意义的CVS相关标志物.方法 采用双向凝胶电泳(2-DE)分离痉挛基底动脉和正常基底动脉总蛋白,银染显色,通过imagemaster5.0软件分析,从中选取差异表达蛋白质点,应用基质辅助激光解析飞行时间串联质谱(MALDI-TOF/TOF)鉴定差异表达的蛋白质.结果 获得重复性和分辨率较好的兔基底动脉双向凝胶电泳图谱;发现49个差异表达点,其中35个点得到鉴定,在CVS中高表达的有24个,其余11个在CVS中呈低表达.结论 建立了痉挛基底动脉和正常基底动脉双向凝胶电泳图谱,并应用质谱技术鉴定了35个差异表达点,这些差异表达蛋白质可能与CVS的发生相关.     

多发性硬化患者脑脊液蛋白质组学研究

目的 探讨多发性硬化(MS)发病的分子机制并寻找其脑脊液(CSF)蛋白质标志物.方法 对MS患者与紧张型头痛患者各6例的CSF蛋白质组学进行比较研究.将浓缩的CSF去除高丰度蛋白后行双向凝胶电泳,对凝胶图谱进行图像分析,探寻差异性蛋白点并经肽质量指纹质谱技术鉴定蛋白质点.结果 MS患者38种蛋白质的表达与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),部分差异性蛋白质经鉴定为白蛋白单体CRA_n、ATP合成酶、普通转录因子IIH、白蛋白单体CRA_j、四连接素、结合珠蛋白、丛生蛋白、富亮氨酸α-2糖蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白与甲状腺素结合蛋白.结论 MS患者CSF多种蛋白质表达差异,可能存在能量代谢异常、炎症反应和组织修复机制.     

帕金森病患者脑脊液蛋白质的双向凝胶电泳图谱初步分析

目的用双向凝胶电泳(2D-PAGE)技术分析帕金森病患者脑脊液中蛋白质的变化。方法用丙酮沉淀法提取脑脊液中的蛋白质,以固相pH梯度等电聚焦(IPG-IEF)为第一向,十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)为第二向进行2D-PAGE,蛋白点经银染后用图像分析软件对图谱进行分析。结果比较帕金森病组和对照组的2D-PAGE图谱显示:9个蛋白点在帕金森病患者脑脊液中含量减少,8个蛋白点消失,另有8个蛋白点含量上调,初步推测其中部分蛋白点可能为血浆铜蓝蛋白及其前体,结合珠蛋白β链,以及载脂蛋白J片断和前体。结论2D-PAGE技术可用于脑脊液蛋白质分离,反映蛋白质表达的差异。帕金森病患者脑脊液蛋白质与对照相比有显著差异.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质差异表达

目的 建立分辨率高和重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 利用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的总蛋白质,凝胶经银染显色后,运用ImageMaster 2D图像分析软件进行比较分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)及数据库搜索鉴定部分差异蛋白质点.结果 得到了分辨率较高、重复性好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱.比较分析图谱,初步对其中30个点进行了肽质指纹图分析,鉴定出一些与细胞周期调控、信号传导等有关的差异蛋白质.结论 建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的双向凝胶电泳图谱,并识别鉴定出一些侵袭性与非侵袭性垂体腺瘤的差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步筛选侵袭性垂体腺瘤的蛋白质表达数据库提供了基础.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.