银杏叶提取物对老年小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文研究了银杏叶提取物对老年小鼠免疫功能的影响，结果表明，ＥＧｂ连续胃饲老年小鼠７ｄ后，Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖水平，ＮＫ细胞活性，抗体形成细胞分泌抗体的能力及血清ＩＬ－６水平显著增加，说明ＥＧｂ具有增强老年小鼠的免疫调节功能。     

月腺大戟水提物诱导P388白血病细胞的凋亡

目的：研究月腺大戟水提物抗R388白血病及对瘤细胞凋亡的作用。方法：以一级清洁DBA／2型小鼠为实验对象，腹腔接种R388白血病细胞，胃饲10,2．5g·L^-1的月腺大戟溶液0．3mL，连续6d，检测外周血白细胞总数和腹腔瘤细胞总数，分离外周血淋巴细胞，观察瘤细胞及凋亡特征，计算细胞凋亡率，并检测bcl-2和bax凋亡相关基因的表达情况。结果：月腺大戟高剂量组外周血白细胞数量显著低于模型对照组（P〈0．01）。月腺大戟低剂量组外周血白细胞虽低于模型对照组，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。两剂量组的细胞凋亡率均明显高于模型对照组，两剂量组间的细胞凋亡率差异显著（P〈0．01）。凋亡细胞中可见核质浓缩、数个圆形凋亡小体位于胞浆，或呈半月形、块状靠近胞膜边缘，还可见核质松散呈网状，细胞膜不完整的退化淋巴细胞，表明高剂量明显诱导细胞凋亡（P〈0．01），低剂量虽能诱导细胞凋亡，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：高剂量月腺大戟可通过诱导细胞凋亡明显抑制R388白血病瘤细胞的恶性增殖。     

褪黑素和哌替啶的耐受性及对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响

采用热板法测定小鼠痛阈，发现ｉｐ褪黑素（ＭＴ）４０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１连续６ｄ，镇痛作用持续、明显；ｉｐ哌替啶４０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１连续６ｄ，镇痛作用逐渐减弱，至ｄ６时已无镇痛作用。ｄ７ｉｐＭＴ和哌替啶同上剂量１ｈ时测定小鼠ＣｏｎＡ诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应，发现ＭＴ能明显提高淋巴细胞增殖反应，而哌替啶对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应有抑制趋向。结果提示：ＭＴ不同于哌替啶无耐受性，且能促进脾淋巴细胞功能。     

白芍总甙治疗类风湿性关节炎的临床药理研究

对２９例类风湿性关节炎（ＲＡ）患者进行了白芍总甙（ＴＧＰ）的开放性临床试验．结果表明，大剂量ＴＧＰ（１．２～１．８ｇ·ｄ－１）服用８ｗｋ，对ＲＡ患者有明显疗效．不仅改善临床症状与体征以及降低血球沉降率与类风湿因子滴度，而且对ＲＡ患者的异常免疫功能，如外周血单个核细胞产生ＩＬ－１水平；外周血淋巴细胞的致分裂素反应与产生ＩＬ－２水平以及ＩＬ－２受体密度；抑制性Ｔ细胞的数目等均有机能依赖性恢复作用。与氨甲喋呤（ＭＴＸ）的比较试验表明．ＴＧＰ的抗关节炎作用起效较ＭＴＸ早．但疗效较温和，对ＲＡ患者异常免疫功能的影响也不完全相同，且ＴＧＰ的耐受性远较小剂量ＭＴＸ为优。本试验还表明．ＩＬ－１可作为监护ＴＧＰ疗效和调整剂量的一种灵敏而简便的指标。     

牡蛎水溶性抽提物对小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞转化功能和NK细胞活性的影响

牡蛎软体部份水溶性油提物具有明显提高小鼠脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化功能及ＮＫ细胞活性．表明牡蛎作为一种保健药品具有应用价值。     

醋氨己酸锌动物安全性评价的实验研究

醋氨己酸锌（１）小鼠ｉｖ和ｉｇ的急性ＬＤ５０分别为２４．５４ｍｇ／ｋｇ和３．６０ｇ／ｋｇ。大鼠口服９０ｄ的长期毒性实验表明，１的主要毒性靶器官是胃，可引起胃粘膜壁细胞减少或空泡变性，脾小体体积缩小，红髓内红细胞减少。这些表现与剂量有关，停药后可恢复。犬口服９０ｄ的长期毒性实验未见明显毒性。提示临床使用该药，在一定剂量范围内是安全的。     

黄花夹竹桃甙及其与氮芥合用的体内抗肿瘤活性

黄花夹竹桃甙属强心甙类药。１．５ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１·ｄ＾－１ｉｐ治疗小鼠腹水瘤Ｈ２２，ＥＡＣ，Ｐ３８８及实体瘤Ｓ１８０，Ｕ１４，Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌，仅对实体瘤有效，抑瘤率为４８．７％－５６．７％。ＴＳ与轻度抑瘤作用剂量（０．３，０．５或１．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１·ｄ＾－１）的氮芥合用，抑瘤活性高于单独给药组，能使腹水瘤小鼠的生存期延长率达到８２．４至＞１２２．１％；对实体瘤的抑瘤率为６５．６％－７２．５％。     

鸦胆子提取物对S180 小鼠抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的研究鸦胆子提取物对小鼠移植性肿瘤S180的抑制作用。方法建立小鼠腋下S180实体瘤模型,观察不同剂量鸦胆子提取物对小鼠抑瘤率及对免疫器官的影响;建立小鼠S180腹水瘤模型,观察不同剂量鸦胆子提取物对小鼠生存期的影响。结果鸦胆子提取物中、高剂量能明显抑制S180实体瘤的生长（P〈O．05）;抑瘤率分别为20．4％和24．6％。鸦胆子提取物低、中剂量可以延长S180腹水瘤小鼠的生存期（P〈O．05）,延长率为21％和18．5％。结论鸦胆子提取物有一定抗肿瘤的作用。     

海洛因依赖者T细胞亚群阳性率研究

本文应用ＣＤ２、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８单克隆抗体通过ＡＰＡＡＰ桥联酶标技术检测了３９例海洛因依赖者Ｔ细胞阳性率的变化，结果表明：海洛因滥用者平均Ｔ细胞阳性率（ＣＤ４５３．２±ｓ１０．９）比健康人（６２．０±ｓ７．１）为低（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值也比健康人降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＤ２、ＣＤ８无明显改变；不同滥用者经住院治疗８－１２ｄ后，抽血测定Ｔ细胞阳性率，ＣＤ２为８２．５±ｓ６．８，较脱毒治疗前为低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８无明显改变。Ｔ细胞阳性率在男女性别之间，吸海洛因与褴用度冷丁、黄皮、二氢埃托啡之间，烫吸与注射比较，吸毒量＜１．０ｇ·ｄ－１与吸毒量＞１．０ｇ·ｄ－１，吸毒时间（＞１８月）与吸毒时间短（＜１８月）比较，Ｔ细胞阳性率均无明显差别。     

蜈蚣提取物体外抗肿瘤活性比较及体内活性评价

目的：比较蜈蚣干品和鲜品不同提取物的体外抗肿瘤活性，并评价其体内抗肿瘤活性。方法：蜈蚣干品和鲜品的水、30%、50%、70%及95%乙醇提取物分别处理MGC803细胞，采用MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率，计算半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）；观察蜈蚣提取物对H22腹水瘤小鼠的生存期和实体瘤小鼠的抑瘤率的影响。结果：蜈蚣干品和鲜品不同提取物对肿瘤细胞的IC₅₀值相近，而蜈蚣水提取物的IC₅₀值相对最小。蜈蚣水提取物能延长腹水瘤小鼠的生存期；对实体瘤小鼠瘤重有明显的抑制作用，但中剂量和高剂量组有部分动物加速死亡。结论：多种提取方法得到的蜈蚣提取物均具有体外抗肿瘤活性，蜈蚣水提取物有一定的体内抗肿瘤活性，但超剂量使用有一定的毒性。     

山药提取物联合树突细胞-细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞对荷MDA-MB-231乳腺癌干细胞瘤裸鼠的治疗作用研究

目的 研究山药Dioscorea opposita提取物联合树突细胞-细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（DC-CIK）对荷MDA-MB-231乳腺癌干细胞瘤裸鼠的治疗效果。方法 制备荷MDA-MB-231乳腺癌干细胞Balb/c裸鼠模型,随机分为4组,每组8只：对照组裸鼠尾iv生理盐水,0.2 mL/次,2次/周;DC-CIK组裸鼠在肿瘤干细胞接种4 d后尾iv 1×10⁶个DC-CIK细胞,2次/周,给药3周;山药提取物组裸鼠ig山药提取物125 mg/kg,0.2 mL/d,给药3周;山药提取物联合DC-CIK组裸鼠ig山药提取物125 mg/kg,0.2 mL/d,同时尾iv 1×10⁶个DC-CIK细胞,2次/周,给药3周。各组裸鼠在治疗3周期间每2天测量瘤体大小及裸鼠体质量,治疗结束后处死裸鼠,取出瘤体称质量;qRT-PCR法检测瘤组织中Akt信号通路中关键原癌基因c-Myc表达水平。结果 治疗结束后,各组裸鼠瘤体生长速率为山药提取物联合DC-CIK组结论 对荷MDA-MB-231乳腺癌干细胞瘤裸鼠治疗效果中,各给药组裸鼠肿瘤生长均受到明显抑制,其中以山药提取物联合DC-CIK组效果最佳。     

Antitumor activity and antioxidant status of the methanol extract of Careya arborea bark against Dalton's lymphoma ascites-induced ascitic and solid tumor in mice

Based on the ethnomedical use of Careya arborea Roxb bark in the treatment of tumors, the present study was carried out to evaluate the anticancer potentials against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA)-induced ascitic and solid tumors. The methanol extract of its bark given orally to mice at the dose of 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight for 10 days caused significant reduction in percent increase in body weight, packed cell volume, and viable tumor cell count when compared to the mice of the DLA control group. Restoration of hematological and biochemical parameters towards normal was also observed. Histological observations of liver and kidney also indicated repair of tissue damage caused by tumor inoculation. The extract at the dose of 5 or 25 mg/kg body weight given i.p. daily for 14 days significantly reduced the solid tumor volume induced by DLA cells.     

Trichosanthes dioica root extract induces tumor proliferation and attenuation of antioxidant system in albino mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma

Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae), called pointed gourd in English, is a dioecious climber grown widely in the Indian subcontinent. The present study assessed the influence of treatment of hydroalcoholic extract of Trichosanthes dioica root (TDA) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice with effects on antioxidant systems. Twenty-four hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of tumor (EAC) cells in mice, TDA was administered at 25 and 50 mg/kg for 8 consecutive days. On the 9(th) day, half of the mice were sacrificed for estimation of tumor proliferation, hematological, and hepatic antioxidative parameters. The rest were kept for assessment of survival parameters. TDA exhibited dose dependent and significant increase in tumor weight, tumor volume, packed cell volume and viable cells and reduced non-viable cells and life span of EAC bearing animals. Hematological parameters were significantly worsened in TDA-treated mice. TDA treatment significantly aggravated the hepatic antioxidative parameters. The present study demonstrated that T. dioica root possessed tumor promoting activity in EAC bearing albino mice, plausibly mediated by attenuation of endogenous antioxidant systems.     

他莫昔芬对荷人结肠癌细胞株Lovo瘤裸鼠结肠癌移植瘤生长抑制实验研究

目的：建立荷人结肠癌的裸鼠动物模型,观察三苯氧胺（TAM）、氟尿嘧啶（FU）、TAM＋FU对移植瘤生长的影响。方法：裸鼠成瘤后给药3周,均分为TAM组、FU组、联合组、对照组。给药方法：TAM剂量为20mg/（kg·d）,FU剂量为300mg/（kg·d）,制成悬浊液灌胃,每日2次,时间为3周。对照组相应同时给等量0.9%NaCl溶液。停药48h后处死。每3天测量体积（V=1/2ab^2）,称体重。处死后称瘤重、体重和用细胞凋亡检测试剂盒测定裸鼠移植瘤凋亡水平。结果：TAM组、FU组、联合组均可抑制肿瘤生长（P〈0.05）。TAM组、FU组、联合组均可诱导裸鼠移植瘤的凋亡,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：TAM抑制了荷瘤裸鼠结肠癌细胞株Lovo移植瘤的生长并能促进移植瘤的细胞凋亡。     

白花蛇舌草水提物通过抑制MAPK通路致肺癌细胞的凋亡

目的：研究白花蛇舌草（BHSSC）水提物对肺癌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响以及体内抑制肿瘤活性,进一步通过研究其对凋亡关键通路MAPK信号通路的影响,以阐明白花蛇舌草抗肺癌分子机制。方法：制备BHSSC水提取物,采用MTT法研究其对人肺癌细胞株A549和PC-9细胞体外增殖的抑制活性,并进一步构建人肺癌的裸鼠移植瘤模型,研究BHSSC水提物的体内抗肿瘤活性;通过Western blot技术研究BHSSC水提取物对MAPK通路中关键蛋白 Erk、JNK、p38的表达水平和磷酸化水平的影响,进而阐明白花蛇舌草诱导肺癌细胞凋亡机制。结果：BHSSC水提取物可以剂量依赖性地促进肺癌细胞的凋亡,从而抑制肺癌细胞的增殖。当剂量达到600 μg·mL-1 时,肺癌细胞抑制率达到95%（P<0.01）。荷瘤裸鼠模型结果显示,在给药21天后,给药组与肺癌模型组相比,肿瘤体积显著减小,平均抑瘤率达到70%（P<0.01）。Western blot结果提示,BHSSC水提物能够显著抑制MAPK通路中关键蛋白p38、Erk、JNK的磷酸化水平。结论：BHSSC水提物能够通过抑制肺癌细胞MAPK通路的活化,促进肺癌细胞凋亡,从而抑制肺癌的体内体外增殖。     

汉黄芩素对人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3裸鼠移植瘤生长及端粒酶活性的抑制作用

目的端粒酶在多种肿瘤细胞中高表达,可能是肿瘤分子靶向治疗的一个理想靶点。已有的研究表明,汉黄芩素体外具有抑制肿瘤细胞端粒酶活性和肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。该研究旨在评价汉黄芩素对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长及端粒酶活性是否具有抑制作用。方法将移植人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的裸鼠随机分为5组:汉黄芩素高剂量组(600mg·kg-1)、汉黄芩素低剂量组(300mg·kg-1)、空白对照组、顺铂治疗组(3mg·kg-1)和联合用药(顺铂+汉黄芩素)组,定期检测裸鼠的体重及肿瘤体积,裸鼠移植瘤组织分别提取DNA、RNA和蛋白质,用Southern印迹杂交法测定端粒长度、RT-PCR扩增观察端粒酶基因hTERT的表达、TRAP-PCR-银染法测定端粒酶活性。结果动物实验表明,汉黄芩素对SKOV3移植瘤有明显的抑瘤作用,高剂量组抑瘤率达56.67%(与对照组比较,P=0.002);低剂量组抑瘤率达38.10%(P=0.019),化疗组抑瘤率达50.83%(P=0.004),联合用药(顺铂+汉黄芩素)组的抑瘤率为66.9%,优于单独使用组(P=0.002);不同浓度汉黄芩素组肿瘤组织的端粒长度与空白对照组比较差异无显著性,汉黄芩素对瘤体端粒酶基因hTERT表达、端粒酶活性均有抑制作用,而且作用强度与剂量有关。结论汉黄芩素在体内具有抗肿瘤和抑制端粒酶活性的作用,抑制强度与剂量成正比,抑瘤率与顺铂合用有相加的作用。     

Antitumor and antioxidant activity of Polyalthia longifolia stem bark ethanol extract

In the present study, the ethanol extract of stem bark of Polyalthia longifolia Benth. and Hook (Annonaceae) was screened for its in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. In vitro cytotoxicity of P. longifolia extract was assessed in murine cancer cells and in human cancer cells by Trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay, respectively. P. longifolia extract showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s ascites lymphoma (DLA) cells with IC₅₀ values of 45.77 and 52.52?µg/mL, respectively. In the MTT assay, the IC₅₀ values of P. longifolia extract against HeLa and MCF-7 cells were 25.24 and 50.49 µg/mL, respectively. In vivo antitumor activity against Ehrlich’s ascites tumor and Dalton’s solid tumor models was assessed by administering 50 and 100?mg/kg of P. longifolia extract, i.p., for 7 consecutive days. P. longifolia extract, at a dose of 100?mg/kg, significantly enhanced mean survival time (MST) and marginally improved hematological parameters when compared to EAC control mice. And the same dose significantly reduced the tumor volume as compared to control DLA inoculated mice. Positive control, cisplatin (3.5?mg/kg, i.p., single dose), significantly enhanced MST and improved hematological parameters when compared to EAC and significantly reduced the tumor volume when compared to DLA control. In vitro antioxidant potential of P. longifolia extract was also determined owing to the role of reactive oxygen species in tumor initiation and progression. P. longifolia extract scavenged DPPH radicals, reduced ferric ions and inhibited lipid peroxidation with IC₅₀ values of 18.14, 155.41 and 73.33 µg/mL, respectively.     

The role of NK cells in antitumor activity of dietary fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls (Mekabu)

Fucoidan from Mekabu (sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida), a dietary alga, exerts antitumor activity possibly through enhancing the immune response. The present report describes the effects of dietary Mekabu fucoidan on the tumor growth of mouse A20 leukemia cells and on T cell-mediated immune responses in T cell receptor transgenic (DO-11 - 10 - Tg) mice. The animals were fed with a diet containing 1% Mekabu fucoidan (0.034 +/- 0.003 g/mouse/day) for 10 days and subcutaneously (s. c.) inoculated with A20 leukemia cells. Thereafter, the mice were fed with the diet containing fucoidan for 40 days. Mekabu fucoidan inhibited tumors by 65.4 %. We studied how the killer activities of T cell-mediated and natural killer (NK) cells are augmented in DO-11 - 10 mice fed with Mekabu fucoidan. The cytolytic activities of ovalbumin (OVA), which is specific against OVA-transfected A20 (OVA-A20) B lymphoma cells, and NK cells against YAC-1 were significantly enhanced in the mice fed with fucoidan compared with a basic diet. Thus, these findings suggested that Mekabu fucoidan mediates tumor destruction through Th1 cell and NK cell responses.     

Antitumor Activity of the Methanol Extract of Hypericum hookerianum Stem Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice

A large number of plants belonging to the Hypericum family are known to possess strong antitumor properties. The methanol extract of H. hookerianum Wight and Arnott stem (MEHH) exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxic activity against various cancerous cell lines. In the present study, the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) standardized MEHH was tested for in vivo antitumor properties against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor bearing mice at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight doses given orally once daily for 14 days. The results indicate that administration of the extract not only increased the survival of animals with ascites tumor, decreased the body weight induced by the tumor burden, and reduced packed cell volume and viable tissue cell count, but also altered many hematological parameters changed during tumor progression, indicating the potent antitumor nature of the extract. Among the three doses tested, the 200 mg/kg body weight dose was found to be the most potent.     

金针菇提取物的保肝及抗肿瘤作用

目的研究金针菇提取物 (FVE)对小鼠急性肝损伤转氨酶活性的影响及其抗肿瘤能力。方法用四氯化碳 (CCl4)和D 氨基半乳糖 (D Gal)分别建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型 ,以FVE和阳性对照药云芝多糖灌胃治疗 ,分别测定血清中谷丙转氨酶 (SGPT)、谷草转氨酶 (SGOT)活性。小鼠接种Heps ,测定抑瘤率并观察荷瘤小鼠的存活天数。结果FVE 0 .8g kg对CCl4和D Gal造成的小鼠急性肝损伤SGPT、SGOT活性升高有显著的降低作用 ,与模型对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 1。FVE ,灌胃 0 .8g kg ,1 0d ,可显著抑制小鼠Heps肿瘤的生长并明显延长Heps腹水型小鼠的存活天数。结论FVE对肝脏损伤有保护作用 ,并对Heps肿瘤有抑制作用