跖跗关节损伤治疗方法的疗效分析

目的探讨不同方式治疗跖跗关节损伤的临床疗效。方法对35例单足跖跗关节损伤患者根据骨折分型应用石膏固定2例,闭合复位经皮内固定12例,开放复位内固定20例,二期关节融合术1例。结果 35例均获随访,时间3～9(5±2)个月。克氏针松动8例,螺钉断钉2例,创伤后关节炎8例。临床评估依据美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)中足评分标准:优12例,良17例,可5例,差1例。结论解剖复位、牢靠固定是治疗跖跗关节损伤的基本原则。中间柱复位并沿Lisfranc韧带方向固定内侧楔骨和第2跖骨基底部是重建跖跗关节复合体稳定性的关键,依据跖跗关节的"三柱"原理选择固定方式,可获得满意疗效。     

闭合复位经皮螺钉内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤

目的探讨应用闭合复位经皮螺钉内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的临床疗效。方法自2003年1月～2005年6月应用闭合复位经皮螺钉内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤26例。按照Myerson分类:中间柱损伤13例,内侧、中间柱合并损伤7例,内侧、中间、外侧柱三柱损伤6例。结果本组切口均一期愈合,平均手术时间为40min(30～70min),切口长度平均为5mm;所有患者获平均11.4个月(6～17个月)随访,根据美国足踝骨科协会(AOFAS)评分平均为87分,患者术后平均5.3个月(3～11个月)恢复正常生活。结论闭合复位经皮螺钉内固定手术创伤小,软组织并发症低,能有效治疗跖跗关节复合体损伤;中间柱复位并沿Lisfranc韧带方向插入螺钉内固定是重建跖跗关节复合体稳定性的关键。     

跖跗关节复合体损伤的手术治疗

目的 评价跖跗关节复合体损伤的手术治疗效果.方法 2003年1月至2008年12月,共收治167例闭合性跖跗关节损伤患者,其中跖跗关节复合体损伤35例.通过X线及CT检查明确诊断,闭合或切开复位螺钉或钢板内固定,术后定期放射学检查随访,以美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)中足评分系统进行功能评估.结果 本组有135例获得12～78个月随访,平均随访时间48个月.其中跖跗关节复合体损伤26例,术后AOFAS评分48～75分,平均67分;其中16例继发创伤性关节炎,12例因疼痛明显、行走受限二期行关节融合术;单纯跖跗关节损伤109例,术后AOFAS评分70～95分,平均82分,继发创伤性关节炎的17例中5例二期行关节融合术.单纯跖跗关节损伤闭合复位经皮螺钉内固定者术后AOFAS中足评分82～95分,平均87分,与跖跗关节复合体损伤者比较差异具有统计学意义(t=2.651,P<0.05).结论 跖跗关节复合体损伤的预后比单纯跖跗关节损伤的差,而准确诊断、实现复合体各个部分的解剖复位和可靠固定是取得良好治疗效果的关键.     

切开复位内固定治疗多发跖骨基底部不稳定骨折合并跖跗关节损伤

[目的]探讨切开复位内固定治疗多发跖骨基底部不稳定骨折合并跖跗关节损伤的方法及临床疗效.[方法]2003年1月～2011年7月,收治35例多发跖骨基底部不稳定骨折合并跖跗关节损伤患者.男22例,女13例;年龄20 ～58岁,平均37.4岁.均采用切开复位内固定的方法治疗.共89处跖骨基底部骨折,其中第2、3跖骨骨折9例,第3、4跖骨骨折7例,第2、3、4跖骨骨折19例.跖跗关节损伤分型:单纯中间柱损伤2例,内侧柱伴中间柱损伤7例,外侧柱伴中间柱损伤10例,三柱损伤16例.针对第2、3跖骨基底部骨折应用微型钢板跨关节固定.[结果]所有患者均获随访,随访时间12 ～30个月,平均22.5个月.术后未发生切口感染、皮肤坏死、内固定断裂等并发症.骨折临床愈合时间为8～17周,平均13.9周.按照美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)中足评分标准,优11例,良18例,一般4例,差2例,优良率82.9％.[结论]跖跗关节和跖骨基底部的解剖复位和可靠固定对足部功能的恢复同等重要,能减少中足骨性关节炎的发生率并取得良好疗效.固定方式的选择应根据损伤类型制定.     

跖跗关节复合体损伤的诊治探讨

目的：探讨跖跗关节复合体（TJC）损伤的诊治方法。方法：2007年1月至2009年12月采用切开复位内固定治疗16例跖跗关节复合体损伤,男12例,女4例;年龄21～45岁,平均34.1岁,均为闭合性损伤。左侧7例,右侧9例,均为直接暴力所伤,其中交通伤4例,高处坠落伤5例,挤压伤7例。楔骨间脱位11例,舟楔关节脱位3例,骰骨骨折2例。跖跗关节损伤均为三柱损伤。根据手术探查和稳定性破坏情况,通常跗骨间关节,内侧、中间柱跖跗关节用螺钉固定,外侧柱用克氏针固定,对跖骨基底部粉碎性骨折和骰骨压缩性骨折等用跨关节微型钢板固定以达到解剖复位、有效固定。采用美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）中足评分标准从疼痛、功能、对线方面进行临床评估。结果：所有患者均获得随访,时间6～18个月,平均12.6个月。按AOFAS评分：疼痛为（29.3±5.9）分,功能为（32.4±5.6）分,对线为（12.9±2.6）分,总分为（74.6±10.4）分。所有切口均Ⅰ期愈合,未见皮肤坏死,感染,钢板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。3例患者因后期出现骨性关节炎,疼痛明显,行走困难,Ⅱ期行关节融合术。4例患者影像学表现为骨性关节炎,但临床症状（疼痛）较轻,继续观察随访。结论：解剖复位有效稳定内固定是治疗跖跗关节复合体损伤的关键要素,Ⅰ期切开复位内固定有利于Ⅱ期融合手术。     

跨关节固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的临床疗效

目的探讨跨关节固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的临床疗效。方法应用可控加压骑缝钉联合自锁螺钉钢板治疗12例跖跗关节损伤患者。结果患者均获随访,时间8～16个月。切口均一期愈合。根据美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)评分:优秀3例,良5例,一般4例。结论可控加压骑缝钉联合自锁镙钉钢板能灵活有效地治疗跖跗关节复合体损伤。     

Herbert螺钉治疗跖跗关节损伤的疗效

目的探讨Herbert螺钉内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的疗效。方法对24例跖跗关节闭合损伤患者采用切开复位内固定治疗。根据跖跗关节三柱解剖,外侧柱采用克氏针弹性固定,内侧柱及中间柱采用Herbert螺钉坚强固定。结果患者均获得随访,时间12～19个月。所有患者无感染及内固定断裂发生。末次随访时按照AOFAS中部足功能评分标准评价疗效:优15例,良6例,可2例,差1例,优良率为21/24。结论 Herbert螺钉治疗跖跗关节损伤,能达到坚强固定、早期功能锻炼的目的,疗效满意。     

切开复位双重加压螺钉固定治疗跖跗关节损伤

[目的]探讨切开复位双重加压螺钉固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的临床疗效.[方法]回顾性分析2007年9月～2010年10月间治疗的67例跖跗关节损伤患者,其中35例损伤患者采用切开复位双重加压螺钉或结合克氏针固定治疗,32例患者采用空心钉或结合克氏针固定治疗.男53例,女14例,年龄18 ～60岁,平均32岁.根据Myerson分型:A型15例,B型36例,C型16例.根据美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)中足评分标准评价比较两种方法的治疗效果.[结果]所有患者均获得随访,平均随访18个月(12～30个月).双重加压螺钉治疗组术后平均AO-FAS中足评分81.7分(56 ～98分),术后未发生感染、创伤性关节炎、螺钉断裂等并发症;空心钉治疗组术后平均AOFAS中足评分78.6分(45 ～96分),2例发生伤口感染,2例未获得解剖复位,二期行关节融合术.两种治疗方法AOFAS评分差异无统计学意义(t=1.056,P＞0.05).[结论]切开复位双重加压螺钉固定治疗跖跗关节损伤与空心螺钉治疗效果相似,由于双重加压螺钉能更好达到解剖复位和坚强固定,切开复位双重加压螺钉固定治疗跖跗关节损伤是一种疗效满意的方法.     

跨关节钢板内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤

目的 探讨跨关节钢板内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤的手术治疗方法和临床疗效. 方法 自2009年5月至2011年5月共收治31例跖骨基粉碎性跖跗关节损伤患者,男19例,女12例;年龄24 ～ 70岁,平均46.2岁;均为闭合性损伤,其中8例损伤累及跖跗关节复合体,2例合并骰骨压缩性骨折.所有患者待软组织条件改善后,择期行切开复位跨关节钢板内固定术.术后采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)中足评分、简明健康调查量表(SF-36)评分和视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价治疗效果,并记录相关并发症. 结果 25例患者术后获12 ～36个月(平均24个月)随访,随访期间未见伤口感染、皮瓣坏死等软组织并发症.X线片示术后平均12周(10～15周)骨性愈合.末次随访时AOFAS中足评分为45 ～ 95分(平均78.0分),SF-36评分为45 ～96分(平均79.2分),VAS评分为0～8分(平均1.7分).1例跖跗关节复合体损伤患者术后9个月复查时发现螺钉断裂,但无不适主诉,予以取出内固定;2例跖跗关节复合体损伤患者分别于术后14、20个月发生创伤性关节炎,均予行跖跗关节融合术.结论 跨关节钢板内固定治疗跖跗关节损伤技术简单,可避免关节面软骨的再损伤,是治疗跖跗关节损伤安全、有效的方法.     

单纯跖跗关节外侧柱脱位的治疗探讨

目的探讨单纯跖跗关节外侧柱脱位的治疗策略。方法 2004年1月至2011年4月我院共收治单纯跖跗关节外侧柱脱位8例,男6例,女2例;年龄18～56岁,平均37岁。重物坠落砸伤6例,高处坠落伤2例。8例全部施行手术治疗复位,从受伤到手术时间平均8d。结果 8位患者术后全部得到随访,随访时间10～18个月,平均为1年。伤口全部正常愈合,无一例出现断钉及内固定脱出,2例患者出现足背外侧疼痛,不影响步行。按照Maryland足部评分标准评定,优4例,良4例,平均79.6分。结论单纯跖跗关节外侧柱脱位损伤暴力能量低于多柱跖跗关节脱位,如果条件允许,可以早期切开复位内固定。因为单纯复位后不稳定,所以建议采用空心钉或拉力螺钉固定。     

切开复位内固定治疗Lisfranc关节损伤

目的探讨切开复位内固定治疗Lisfranc关节损伤的临床疗效。方法应用切开复位技术,根据骨折类型不同,分别选用螺钉、克氏针及微型钢板作内固定材料,对27例Lisfranc关节损伤患者进行治疗。结果术后患者均未发生感染及骨筋膜室综合征。27例均获随访,时间9～12个月。根据美国足踝外科协会AO-FAS评分标准评估疗效:优13例,良11例,可3例,优良率为88.9%。结论切开复位内固定治疗Lisfranc关节损伤,可以获得良好的临床效果。     

Outcome after anatomic reduction and transfixation with Kirschner wires of Lisfranc joint injuries

Injuries to the tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) joint are uncommon, and the results of treatment are often unsatisfactory. Open reduction and internal fixation has been recommended as the treatment of choice for most unstable injuries. In the present study, we reviewed 16 patients who underwent closed or open reduction and Kirschner-wire transfixation of a Lisfranc injury in an 11-year period. Mean follow-up was 44 (range, 12–108) months. Average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score was 78 (range, 45–100) points. Eight patients (50%) developed posttraumatic arthritis of the tarsometatarsal joints. The major cause was nonanatomical reduction, whereas patients with purely ligamentous injury showed a trend toward poorer postoperative outcome. On the basis of our study, open anatomical reduction of fracture-dislocations of the Lisfranc joint and Kirschner-wire transfixation leads to the best long-term outcome.     

Lisfranc Injuries in the Athlete

Lisfranc injuries entail traumatic disruption of any one of the ligamentous or bony components involved in tarsometatarsal joint complex stabilization. Without treatment, severe injuries resulting in tarsometatarsal joint instability are at increased risk for chronic functional disability and pain. In athletes, the literature has demonstrated evidence of improved outcomes (eg, return to play) following open reduction internal fixation for Lisfranc injuries. Of those surgically managed, variability exists among treatment methodology and outcomes. This article aims to provide an overview of Lisfranc joint complex injuries and the pearls and pitfalls associated with operative techniques to improve postoperative outcomes.     

跖跗关节损伤的疗效分析

[目的]分析1984～2004年间对跖跗关节损伤采用非手术治疗和手术治疗的效果.[方法]回顾性研究20年对13名跖跗关节损伤病人采取闭合复位治疗(3例)和开放复位内固定治疗(10例)的结果.平均随访6.9年(从6个月～20年).将治疗结果按照疼痛、功能、步态、畸形和X线片形态等进行评定,分为好、中、差.[结果]全部的病人均获得解剖复位.在随访取出内固定物和拆除管型石膏的病人中没有发现再脱位,未见纵弓塌陷.13例均获得较好的结果.[结论]跖跗关节损伤获得成功疗效的关键是早期准确的诊断,及时的解剖复位和稳定的固定.稳定的,无移位的损伤可以通过管型石膏制动,保护下承重治疗.不稳定的骨折脱位需要开放复位内固定治疗.     

切开复位内固定治疗新鲜跖跗关节损伤的疗效分析

目的：通过回顾性研究,对切开复位内固定治疗新鲜Lisfranc关节骨折脱位的中短期疗效进行分析。方法：2003年1月至2009年12月,收治新鲜Lisfranc关节骨折脱位47例,其中41例（42足）纳入研究,平均年龄31岁。按照Myerson分型：A型9足,B1型7足,B2型11足,C1型10足,C2型5足。术后末次随访时采用美国足踝骨科协会AOFAS评分量表和VAS疼痛量表进行评估。结果：41例患者均获随访,平均随访时间36个月（12-71个月）。平均AOFAS得分为（84．2＋2．8）分（65～100分）,优良率为81％,其中MyersonA型和C型的评分存在差异（胜0．02）。平均VAS得分为（2．6＋0．5）分（0～6分）。3例出现浅表感染,2例皮缘坏死。有19例患者存在负重及行走痛,所有患者存在不同程度的跖跗关节退变,4例出现跖骨骨折畸形愈合,2例出现拇外翻畸形。结论：新鲜Lisfranc关节骨折脱位的治疗,解剖复位内固定可以取得较好的治疗效果;虽然跖跗关节退变不可避免,但并不影响功能愈后。     

Combined Medial Column Primary Arthrodesis,Middle Column Open Reduction Internal Fixation,and Lateral Column Pinning for Treatment of Lisfranc Fracture-Dislocation Injuries

Lisfranc fracture-dislocation can be a devastating injury with significant long-term sequelae, including degenerative joint disease, progressive arch collapse, and chronic pain that can be potentiated if not effectively treated. We present a case to demonstrate our preferred surgical approach, consisting of combined medial column primary arthrodesis, middle column open reduction internal fixation, and lateral column pinning, with the primary goal of minimizing common long-term complications associated with Lisfranc injuries. We present the case of a typical patient treated according to this combined surgical approach to highlight our patient selection criteria, rationale, surgical technique, and operative pearls. A 36-year-old male who had sustained a homolateral Lisfranc fracture-dislocation injury after falling from a height initially underwent fasciotomy for foot compartment syndrome. The subsequent repair 16 days later involved primary first tarsometatarsal joint fusion, open reduction internal fixation of the second and third tarsometatarsal joints, and temporary pinning of the fourth and fifth tarsometatarsal joints. He progressed well postoperatively, exhibiting an American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons forefoot score of 90 of 100 at 1 year after surgery with no need for subsequent treatment. Lisfranc fracture-dislocations often exhibit primary dislocation to the medial column and are conducive to arthrodesis to stabilize the tarsometatarsal complex. The middle column frequently involves comminuted intra-articular fractures and will often benefit from less dissection required for open reduction internal fixation instead of primary fusion. We propose that this surgical approach is a viable alternative technique for primary treatment of Lisfranc fracture-dislocation injuries.     

陈旧性Lisfranc损伤的成因与治疗

目的 分析陈旧性Lisfranc损伤的形成原因,探讨其手术治疗方法及效果. 方法2004年8月至2008年6月共收治20例陈旧性Lisfranc损伤患者,男16例,女4例;年龄21～49岁.术前均行CT三维重建,按照Myerson分型:Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型13例,Ⅲ型4例.17例患者行切开复位内固定,采用克氏针或螺钉固定,3例行关节融合术.术后按照Maryland足功能评分标准进行疗效评定. 结果 18例患者术后获6个月～4年(平均27个月)随访,2例失访.18例患者术后无内固定断裂、再骨折脱位等并发症发生.按照Maryland足功能评分标准评定疗效:66～96分,平均85分;其中优3例,良12例,可3例,优良率为83.3%.疗效欠佳的主要表现为中足疼痛、活动度减少. 结论影像学表现不典型、治疗不及时、方法选择有误等均可能造成陈旧性Lisfranc损伤.解剖复位、牢固内固定、重建足弓、恢复维持足部内外侧纵弓及横弓解剖形态是治疗的关键.     

Arthrodesis in Acute and Chronic Lisfranc's Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Injury to Lisfranc's joint complex affects the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot and can significantly alter its biomechanics. Some of the previous studies have suggested primary arthrodesis to be superior to open reduction and internal fixation for treating primarily ligamentous Lisfranc injuries. Additionally, arthrodesis is often used for treating chronic Lisfranc injuries, including those which previously underwent open reduction and internal fixation and subsequently developed arthrosis. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the outcomes of arthrodesis at the level of Lisfranc's articulation for both acute and chronic injuries. Patients who underwent midfoot arthrodesis surgical procedures between years 2001 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. About 187 patients with an average age of 55.9 ± 13.2 years old and a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included in the study. Median time to return to preoperative activities was 11 weeks. Overall successful joint fusion rate was 81.4%. However, concomitantly fused joints of the midfoot and hindfoot, in addition to the tarsometatarsal joints (TMTJ), were included in the overall fusion rate. Fusion rate at the first TMTJ was 90.2% (101 out of 112), second TMTJ was 94.4% (67 out of 71), and third TMTJ was 97.8% (45 out of 46). The present study demonstrates that patients who undergo arthrodesis for both acute and chronic Lisfranc injuries typically can return to activity in under approximately 3 months postoperatively (acute patients significantly faster) with a high union rate at the TMTJs. However, the overall union rate is significantly lower when concomitant proximal midfoot and rearfoot arthrodesis procedures are performed.     

Outcome after open reduction and internal fixation of Lisfranc joint injuries

BACKGROUND: Open reduction and internal fixation has been recommended as the treatment for most unstable injuries of the Lisfranc (tarsometatarsal) joint. It has been thought that purely ligamentous injuries have a poor outcome despite such surgical management. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients who underwent open reduction and screw fixation of a Lisfranc injury in a seven-year period. Among ninety-two adults treated for that injury, forty-eight patients with forty-eight injuries were followed for an average of fifty-two months (range, thirteen to 114 months). Fifteen injuries were purely ligamentous, and thirty-three were combined ligamentous and osseous. Patient outcome was assessed with use of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score and the long-form Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA) score. RESULTS: The average AOFAS midfoot score was 77 points (on a scale of 0 to 100 points, with 100 points indicating an excellent outcome), with patients losing points for mild pain, decreased recreational function, and orthotic requirements. The average MFA score was 19 points (on a scale of 0 to 100 points, with 0 points indicating an excellent outcome), with patients losing points because of problems with "leisure activities" and difficulties with "life changes and feelings due to the injury." Twelve patients (25 percent) had posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the tarsometatarsal joints, and six of them required arthrodesis. The major determinant of a good result was anatomical reduction (p = 0.05). The subgroup of patients with purely ligamentous injury showed a trend toward poorer outcomes despite anatomical reduction and screw fixation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the concept that stable anatomical reduction of fracture-dislocations of the Lisfranc joint leads to the best long-term outcomes as patients so treated have less arthritis as well as better AOFAS midfoot scores.     

Combined Medial Column Arthrodesis with Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Central Column for Treatment of Lisfranc Fracture-Dislocation: A Review of Consecutive Cases

Lisfranc fracture-dislocations can be devastating injuries with significant long-term sequelae with or without surgical intervention. The main goal of treatment is to minimize the common long-term complications including pain, progressive arch collapse, degenerative joint disease, hardware failure, and reoperation. Partial primary fusion involving the first, second, and third tarsometatarsal joints has become a common approach for primarily dislocation injuries, with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) favored for Lisfranc injuries involving fracture. ORIF commonly requires revision surgery for hardware removal or delayed fusion. Major revision creates hardship for the patient due to the prolonged recovery required, and even “simple” hardware removal can be traumatic to local nerve, artery, and tendon structures. A common injury pattern includes the findings of primary dislocation and instability of the first tarsometatarsal joint with oftentimes comminuted fracture to the second and third tarsometatarsal joints, which does not fit the standard surgical approach. We report a review of our preferred surgical approach consisting of medial column primary arthrodesis combined with central column ORIF and lateral column temporary pinning. We undertook an institutional review board-approved review of 35 consecutive Lisfranc injuries treated with this hybrid approach. Mean follow-up time was 22.14?±?22.39 (range 2.5 to 84) months. All but 2 (5.71%) patients had radiographic evidence of union at 10 weeks. Complications included 3 with neuritis, 1 with medial column nonunion that was treated with a bone stimulator, and 1 with revision of second metatarsal nonunion. The present retrospective series highlights our experience with isolated primary fusion of the medial column in both subtle and obvious Lisfranc injuries.