罗伊（Roy）的适应模式与应用

罗伊（Roy）是美国的护理理论家，1964年，她在美国加州大学洛杉矶分校（U．C．L．A）就读时，便开始研究护理模式，适应模式（Adaptation model）是在Johnson指导下，撰写毕业论文的一部分内容，于1970年正式发表后，就引起护理工作者、教育家和科研工作者的重视，并广泛用于教学和临床护理工作中，通过不断研究、验证和补充，适应模式作为护理理论框架，为护理实践提供了具体理论指导，现已成为护理理论的主要模式。     

罗伊适应模式在2例乳腺癌病人护理中的应用

乳腺癌是一种严重影响妇女身心健康的常见病和多发病，发病率逐年上升，发病年龄日趋年轻化。改良根治术结合术后化疗和放疗是目前乳腺癌最有效的治疗方法。但术后乳房缺如，在自我形象、心理等方面给病人带来巨大的负面影响。应用罗伊适应模式护理24例乳腺癌病人，取得了良好的效果：现介绍如下。     

罗伊适应模式在心力衰竭患者中的应用

目的 探讨罗伊适应模式对心力衰竭患者的影响.方法 将60例心力衰竭患者随机分为运用罗伊适应模式的观察组和采用常规护理的对照组,每组各30例.比较2组心力衰竭患者的心功能NYHY分级、出院时6min内步行距离及社会功能评分情况.结果 观察组患者在心功能改善情况、6min内步行距离及社会功能评分方面均优于对照组患者(P均<0.05),差别均有统计学意义.结论 运用罗伊适应模式进行护理可改善心力衰竭患者的心功能,提高临床疗效,对临床护理工作有指导意义.     

罗伊的适应理论模式在1例肺栓塞患者护理中的应用

肺栓塞是临床较为常见的一种心血管疾病,导致死亡的主要原因有右心衰竭、复发性肺栓塞、急慢性肺动脉高压等.罗伊的适应模式引用系统论的观点,假设人是一个具有复杂适应能力的系统,能够不断适应内外环境变化.人适应环境变化的过程也和其他系统一样,是通过输入、控制、输出和反馈来完成的.为了增进患者的有效适应,护理需要不失时机地介入这个过程,对患者的适应问题,各种刺激因素加以评判,尽早强化患者的生理调节器,认知调节器,防止不良适应的发生,减少或避免无效适应,促进人创造性地运用自身的适应机制,保持健康.本院将罗伊的适应理论模式应用在1例肺栓塞患者护理中,取得了较好的效果,现报告如下.     

基于罗伊适应模式的护理中域理论发展的文献研究

目的了解基于罗伊适应模式的护理中域理论的构建和应用情况。方法检索OVID、PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE等数据库自1970年1月至2019年8月收录的基于罗伊适应模式的护理中域理论研究文献,参考中域理论评价框架进行分析和汇总,并梳理理论发展的一般过程。结果共纳入17个中域理论研究,发表年限为1986-2017年,全部来源于北美国家。研究内容为某一护理现象或概念模式中的核心概念,常用的理论构建策略为归纳法和演绎法。7个中域理论有完整的内容、结构和功能,8个中域理论有理论验证或实证研究证据,其他2个中域理论需审慎使用。结论中域理论的发展遵循概念-理论-实证框架,对护理实践具有较好的指导作用。     

罗伊适应模式在子宫肌瘤患者中的应用

目的:探讨罗伊适应模式在子宫肌瘤患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2008年7月~2010年12月在本院进行治疗的84例子宫肌瘤患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组42例和观察组42例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用罗伊适应模式护理。比较两组患者护理前后的SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90评分及患者满意率、治疗依从性。结果:观察组患者的SAS评分、SDS评分、SCL-90各因子评分均低于对照组(P<0.01),满意率及治疗依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:罗伊适应模式在子宫肌瘤患者中的护理效果较好,可显著改善患者的生理及心理状态,广受患者欢迎。     

罗伊适应模式在产后抑郁症病人护理中的应用

[目的]探讨罗伊(Roy)适应模式在产后抑郁症病人护理中的应用。[方法]将200例产后抑郁病人随机分为观察组和对照组,每组病人100例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予Roy适应模式护理干预。采用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、健康状况问卷表(SF-36)及简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对病人入院时和第4周、第8周时的抑郁状态、生活质量和应对方式进行评价。[结果]观察组病人干预4周、8周后的SDS得分均低于对照组(P0.05);观察组干预4周后的躯体疼痛和精神健康得分高于对照组(P0.05),干预8周后的躯体疼痛、总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、情感职能和精神健康得分均显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组干预4周、8周后的SCSQ积极维度得分均高于对照组(P0.05),而消极维度得分比较,差异无无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]Roy适应模式护理能显著改善产后抑郁症病人的抑郁状态,增强病人对各种刺激的适应能力,改善应对方式,提高病人的生活质量。     

罗伊适应模式护理评估工具的构建与应用

阐述了以罗伊适应模式为基础的护理评估工具的发展概况、罗伊适应模式护理评估工具的历史演变、罗伊适应模式研究全球化发展趋势对中国护理学科发展的启示.     

罗伊适应模式护理评估工具的构建与应用

阐述了以罗伊适应模式为基础的护理评估工具的发展概况、罗伊适应模式护理评估工具的历史演变、罗伊适应模式研究全球化发展趋势对中国护理学科发展的启示。     

Roy's adaptation model. Interview by Pamela Clarke

This column presents a dialogue with three Roy scholars. They discuss research, practice, administration, and education issues in nursing from a Roy perspective and present data on curriculum in schools across the United States in relation to the use of nursing theory and Roy's model.     

Psychological distress: testing hypotheses based on Roy's adaptation model

This study examined the relationships among social support, parenting stress, coping style, and psychological distress in parents caring for children with cancer. The hypothesis that coping style plays a mediating role between social support and parenting stress, and psychological distress was tested for both mothers and fathers. In total, 246 mothers and 195 fathers of 270 children participated in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis. The findings indicate that the hypotheses derived from the Roy adaptation model were supported for both mothers and fathers. A longitudinal study is suggested to examine the circular process of stimulus, coping process, and adaptation outcomes.     

Roy的适应模式在减轻ICU新护士职业压力中的应用

将Roy的适应模式用于减轻ICU新护士的职业压力,把新护士看作是一个适应系统,从主要刺激、相关刺激、固有刺激三方面识别引起新护士职业压力的压力源以及生理功能、自我概念、角色功能、相互依赖功能等方面的适应问题,积极采取对策,提高ICU新护士的适应能力,从而减少无效性反应,促进适应性反应。     

Cognitive adaptation and self-consistency in hearing-impaired older persons: testing Roy's adaptation model

This study, based on constructs from Roy's adaptation model, examined the relationship between cognitive adaptation processes and self-consistency in hearing-impaired elders (N = 130). Data were collected through survey questionnaires. Major research hypotheses were formulated and tested. Results of this study supported Roy's theoretical proposition of cognitive adaptation processes and their role in the maintenance of self-consistency. Three cognitive processes (clear focus and methods, knowing awareness, and self-perception) significantly contributed to the maintenance of self-consistency. Understanding these cognitive processes helps nurses to promote effective adaptation in older persons.     

Roy's adaptation model: a guide for rehabilitation nursing practice

Roy's Adaptation Model provides a framework for holistic rehabilitation nursing practice. In this article, the model is applied to a rehabilitation patient with a spinal cord injury for the assessment of behaviors and stimuli influencing the behaviors and also for planning and evaluating nursing care.     

A meta-analysis of the interrelationships between the modes in Roy's adaptation model

A meta-analysis of nine empirical studies based on Roy's adaptation model was conducted to determine the magnitudes of the interrelationships of the four modes: physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. Small to medium effect sizes between each two modes do support the proposition of Roy's model that the four modes are interrelated. The only exception is the relationship between interdependence and physiological modes, as shown by the non-significant effect size of .04. The present study also discusses several limitations that should be considered when interpreting the findings of this meta-analysis. This study does provide a useful compilation of the Roy model's credible studies and proposes a direction for further research. The results indicate a need for further study to explore the relationship in all response modes to have a clearer understanding of the credibility of Roy's model.     

Human-pet interaction and loneliness: a test of concepts from Roy's adaptation model

This research used two key concepts from Roy's adaptation model of nursing to examine the relationship between human-pet interaction and loneliness in nursing home residents. These concepts included (a) environmental stimuli as factors influencing adaptation and (b) interdependence as a mode of response to the environment. The hypothesis of this study asserted that the residents of a nursing home who had greater levels of interaction with a pet program would experience less loneliness than those who had lower levels of interaction with a pet. The study used an ex post facto nonexperimental design with 65 subjects. The simplified version of the revised UCLA loneliness scale was used to measure loneliness. Reported level of human-pet interaction was measured according to a four-point scale (1 = no interaction, 4 = quite a lot of interaction). The hypothesis was supported at the p less than 0.03 level of significance. Implications for practice through organizing pet programs in situations where loneliness exists are discussed. Recommendations for future research include replicating the study using a larger sample and developing a comprehensive human-pet interaction tool.     

Application of Roy's adaptation model when caring for a group of women coping with menopause

This article details the application of Roy's (Roy & Andrews, 1999) adaptation model when caring for a group of women experiencing changes associated with menopause. The Roy model guided the assessment of the members' levels of adaptation and facilitated the management of stimuli to promote their adaptation. Nursing interventions focused on issues surrounding menopause including disturbance in body image and social isolation.