腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗肾囊肿的手术疗效及并发症防治

目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的临床疗效及并发症防治措施。方法:回顾分析2011年4月至2012年8月为15例患者行腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的临床资料。结果:15例均顺利完成手术,无一例中转开放;手术时间30～65 min,平均(47.6±10.3)min;术中出血量10～70 ml,平均(46.6±14.4)ml;术后住院3～7 d,平均(3.5±1.1)d;1例多发囊肿患者术后引出暗红血液,量约150 ml,予以止血支持等对症治疗,出血量逐日减少,术后7 d拔管出院。随访1～12个月,无尿漏、复发。结论:腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术疗效确切、患者创伤小、康复快,是治疗肾囊肿的理想术式,掌握后腹膜腔的手术解剖及精细操作是防止并发症发生及手术成功的关键。     

后腹腔镜一期手术治疗34例双侧肾囊肿的疗效观察

目的探讨后腹腔镜一期手术治疗双侧单纯性肾囊肿的临床价值。方法对34例后腹腔镜一期行双侧肾囊肿去顶减压患者临床资料进行回顾分析。其中男1例,女13例,年龄17～65岁(34±0.53),囊肿直径5.32±1.31cm,左侧囊肿43个,右侧48个。结果经后腹膜入路34例患者双侧肾囊肿顺利去顶,平均每侧手术时间37.28±0.45min,平均每侧术中出血量7.18±0.53ml,2例随访3～6个月无复发,术中出现单侧腹膜损伤,未伤及腹腔脏器。平均住院天数7.47±0.32d,平均术后住院天数4.10±0.27d。结论后腹腔镜一期行双侧肾囊肿去顶术是一种安全、可行的治疗方式。     

腹腔镜技术治疗复发性肾囊肿的探讨

目的：观察应用腹腔镜技术再次治疗腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术后复发性囊肿的可行性。方法：总结5例腹腔镜技术治疗腹腔镜。肾囊肿去顶术后囊肿复发的临床资料,其中3例经腹腔途径,2例经腹膜后途径。结果：5例患者手术均获得成功。手术时间50～100min,平均75min。出血60～180ml,无并发症发生,术后住院4～9天,术后随访6～14个月,未再复发。结论：对于复发性肾囊肿仍可采取腹腔镜技术进行手术处理。     

腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术65例报告

目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的方法.方法:回顾分析经腹膜后途径行腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术65例的临床资料.结果:64例手术获得成功,1例因肾实质损伤中转开放手术.结论:腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术具有患者创伤小、出血少、康复快等优点,宜作为肾囊肿外科治疗的首选术式.     

腹膜后腔入路腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶及肾固定术

目的　探讨腹膜后腔行腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的方法。　方法　患者施行经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术 ,1例同时施行肾固定术。　结果　 5例手术时间 5 5～ 12 0min ,无并发症 ,术后 2～ 5个月B超、CT随访无复发 ,肾位置正常。　结论　该方法具有损伤轻 ,生理干扰小 ,恢复快的特点 ,是治疗肾囊肿的理想术式     

腹膜后腔入路腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术20例

目的探讨腹膜后腔入路腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶术的技术要点和手术疗效。方法20例患者均在全麻下用自制水囊建立后腹膜腔,距肾实质5mm用电钩或电剪切除囊壁。结果所有囊肿均顺利去顶,手术时间30—90min,平均35min,术中出血量10—80ml,平均30ml,术后平均住院时间3～10天,所有病理报告均为良性病变,随访8～48个月,20例均未见囊肿复发。结论腹膜后腔入路腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术安全有效。     

直接闭合式经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊肿

目的 探讨直接闭合式经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗效果. 方法 1996年12月～2003年9月,我院采用直接闭合式方法经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊11例.腰部髂嵴上2 cm腋中线交界处做小切口1～2 cm,深度至皮下组织,10 mm trocar直接穿刺进入后腹腔,自制注水气囊扩张腹膜后间隙,充分暴露肾囊肿,距离肾实质边缘0.5～1.0 cm处电刀切除囊壁. 结果 10例手术获得成功,手术时间30～100 min,平均77.5 min.术中出血量20～60 ml,平均30.9 ml.1例因暴露囊肿困难中转开放性手术.1例腹膜损伤.术后住院6～9 d,平均7.4 d.7例随访7～26个月,平均15.2月,B超检查肾囊肿无复发. 结论 直接闭合式经腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术创伤小、恢复快、疗效可靠.     

腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术32例报告

目的 :探讨腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗肾囊肿的效果。方法 :回顾分析腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗肾囊肿 32例的临床资料。术中将食指伸入切口内游离各层直达肾下极 ,再放入自行研制的水囊扩张器扩张后腹膜腔。结果 :32例手术均获成功 ,术中出血 10～ 15ml,手术时间 4 0～ 10 0min ,术后住院 2～ 4d ,无 1例发生并发症。结论 :腹膜后腹腔镜手术具有患者创伤小、康复快、住院时间短等优点 ,是行肾囊肿去顶术的首选方法。     

后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术与开放性手术的比较

目的　比较后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术与开放手术的优越性。方法　采用后腹腔镜行肾囊肿去顶 36 例,并回顾性分析比较31例开放性肾囊肿去顶术。结果　腹腔镜手术用时20~75 min,平均45 min,术后恢复快。对比开放手术,腹腔镜手术的手术时间、术后并发症及术后住院时间均明显减少。结论　后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗单纯性肾囊肿的疗效明显优于传统开放性手术,值得推广。     

腹腔镜与开放性肾囊肿去顶术的比较

目的 :比较开放性与腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的疗效和优点。方法 :采用腹腔镜经腹腔途径对 4 3例肾囊肿患者进行肾囊肿去顶术。并与 2 4例开放性肾囊肿去顶术患者进行比较。结果 :腹腔镜手术时间、术后住院时间均显著少于开放性手术 (P <0 0 1)。术后随访 3～ 12个月 ,未见复发。结论 :经腹腔途径腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊肿 ,疗效好 ,患者创伤小 ,术后康复快 ,明显优于开放性手术。     

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts using the bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the efficacy, safety and feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts using bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors. METHODS: Records of 19 patients who underwent laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts, performed with bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors without additional fulguration of the base or the margin of resection, were retrospectively reviewed. Long-term symptomatic and radiological outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: One single cyst was treated in fourteen (73.7%) cases, two cysts in three (15.8%) cases, three cysts in one (5.2%) case and multiple cysts in one case with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. They were peripherally located in thirteen, peripelvic in three, and parenchymal in two cases. An average of 3.1 trochars were used for each procedure. The mean operating time was 82.5 +/- 16.7 min (range, 50-135). Neither open conversion nor blood transfusion was necessary. A total of six minor complications were encountered. Mean hospital stay 2.3 +/- 0.9 days (range, 1-4). After a mean follow up of 14.3 +/- 5.9 months (range, 3-24), symptomatic success was achieved in 89.5%, and radiological success was accomplished in 88.2%. An asymptomatic cyst recurrence was observed in one (5.9%) case, and one (5.9%) case with residual pain had new cyst formation at another site of the kidney. CONCLUSIONS: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic cyst decortication using bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors is a feasible and efficient method, eliminating further fulguration of the base and the margins of the cysts. Operating times are shorter than previously published series and highly satisfactory long-term success rates are achieved.     

单孔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术与传统腹腔镜手术的对比研究

目的比较单孔腹腔镜与传统腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的手术效果,总结单孔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的手术经验。方法自2010年1月至2011年3月,我院收治单纯肾囊肿患者30例,随机分为两组,其中采用自制单孔多通道腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术15例,传统腹腔镜手术去顶术15例,所有手术均为同一位外科医师主刀,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量及近期随访手术疗效。结果 30例手术均获成功,两组术中均无明显并发症发生。传统腹腔镜与单孔腹腔镜在手术时间(63.5minvs52.5min,P=0.104)、术中出血量(20mlvs25ml,P=0.721),术后住院时间(4.3dvs4.9d,P=0.647)无统计学差异。结论在取得一定腹腔镜手术经验的单位,单孔多通道腹腔镜是安全可行的,其与传统腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术相比,并不明显增加手术时间。     

Laparoscopic decortication of symptomatic renal cysts: Experience from a referral center in Iran

Objective:   To present our experience with laparoscopic management of symptomatic simple renal cysts.
Methods:   From April 2004 to November 2006, 21 patients (10 men; 11 women) underwent laparoscopic decortication for simple renal cysts at our department and were included in the analysis. All procedures were carried out by one surgeon using a transperitoneal approach. Patients underwent radiological follow-up with computerized tomography and/or ultrasonography. Procedural success was defined as no recurrence of the cyst and complete pain relief. Symptomatic success was defined as a significant pain decrease.
Results:   All 21 procedures were completed laparoscopically, without major complications or conversion to open surgery. Estimated mean blood loss during surgery was about 50 mL. Patients were hospitalized for a mean of 1.9 ± 1.1 (range: 1–5) days. Age of the patients and size and location of the cysts, had no relationship with the duration of operation as well as the length of hospital stay ( P  > 0.05). Patients who experienced complete pain relief had significantly larger cyst sizes compared with patients with a partial pain decrease (7.3 ± 1.1 vs 9.1 ± 2.0, respectively; P  = 0.023, F  = 0.606). All patients had negative cytological and pathological findings for malignancy or any other abnormalities. At 16.6 months of mean follow up, none of the patients reported symptomatic and/or radiologic failure.
Conclusions:   Laparoscopic transperitoneal decortication represents an effective and safe treatment option in the management of symptomatic renal cysts.     

Retroperitoneal decortication of simple renal cysts vs decortication with wadding using perirenal fat tissue: results of a prospective randomized trial

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate, in a pilot prospective randomized trial, the safety, effectiveness and radiological recurrence of retroperitoneal renal cyst decortication compared with retroperitoneal decortication with wadding using perirenal pedicled fat tissue.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

From March 2004 to December 2007, 40 patients with simple renal cysts were enrolled and randomized; 22 (group A) had a simple retroperitoneal decortication (SRD) and 18 (group B) a decortication with wadding of the cyst using perirenal fat tissue (RDCW). The following variables were recorded: age, gender, side, size on ultrasonography/computed tomography (CT), location, operative duration, blood loss, complications, pathology, presence or absence of flank pain, hypertension, urinary tract compression or urinary infection. The primary endpoint of this trial was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of both treatments. Secondary endpoints were safety and pain, hypertension and the resolution of urinary tract obstruction.

RESULTS

In all, 40 cysts were treated; there were no bilateral cysts. The mean (sd ) size on CT was 11.9 (1.84) cm in group A and 12.8 (1.25) cm in group B (P = 0.1). All the procedures were completed laparoscopically and no conversion was necessary. There were no intraoperative complications. The mean (range) hospital stay was 3.4 (3–6) days. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for all variables assessed. There was a radiological recurrence in three patients (14%) in group A, but none in group B (all successful).

CONCLUSION

To be completely successful, with maximum safety and to prevent recurrences in the treatment of renal cysts, RCDW is recommended when a retroperitoneal approach is chosen, especially if the cyst is located anteriorly. When symptom relief is considered, RCDW duplicates the results obtained with SRD.     

腹腔镜手术治疗肾囊肿23例疗效观察

目的 :探讨腹腔镜手术治疗单纯性肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法 :通过经腹腔和经腹膜后两种途径 ,采用腹腔镜技术对 2 3例单纯性肾囊肿患者行囊肿去顶术 ,并与 9例行开放性肾囊肿去顶术的患者进行比较。结果 :经腹膜后途径手术的手术时间显著长于开放手术 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,经腹腔途径手术的手术时间与开放手术无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,腹腔镜手术患者的术中失血量及术后住院时间均显著少于开放手术 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :腹腔镜手术是治疗单纯性肾囊肿创伤小、效果好的有效方法     

Laparoscopic management of symptomatic and large adrenal cysts

PURPOSE: We present the feasibility and results of the laparoscopic management of symptomatic and large adrenal cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1993 to April 2004 we performed 149 laparoscopic adrenalectomies. In this series 8 patients with symptomatic adrenal cysts or pseudocysts were treated laparoscopically. Surgical indications for laparoscopic management of adrenal cysts were abdominal pain in 5 cases and cyst size 5 cm or greater in 3. RESULTS: The incidence of adrenal cyst was 5.4% (8 of 149 cases). Six patients underwent laparoscopic adrenal cyst decortication and marsupialization, 1 underwent laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy and 1 underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Mean operative time was 77.5 minutes. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Mean hospital stay was 1.7 days. At a mean followup of 18.5 months all patients were asymptomatic and without radiographic evidence of cyst recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic conservative management of adrenal cysts is safe and feasible. Laparoscopic decortication and marsupialization should be the preferred treatment option for symptomatic adrenal cysts. Laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy or a total adrenalectomy can be performed in cases of larger cysts which compromise most of the adrenal gland. To our knowledge, this represents the largest series of symptomatic adrenal cysts managed laparoscopically.     

Laparoscopic cyst decortication using the harmonic scalpel for symptomatic autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

BACKGROUND: Management of acute and chronic pain in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has, until recently, been limited to oral narcotic regimens, percutaneous drainage, open decortication, or nephrectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five women and two men with a mean age of 44 (range 20-55) years underwent laparoscopic cyst decortication with the Harmonic Scalpel. All patients had end-stage renal disease secondary to ADPKD and pain attributed to their cyst disease. Two patients had simultaneous bilateral, one had staged bilateral, and remaining four patients had unilateral decortication. The mean follow-up was 14 months (range 2-29 months). Preoperative and postoperative pain was assessed using a standardized scale. RESULTS: There were no intraoperative complication, and visible cysts were decorticated in a total of 10 renal units. There was a significant reduction in the pain scale, from a mean of 7.4/10 preoperatively to 2.3/10 on follow-up for the entire group (P < 0.0001). One patient reported recurrence of pain at 4 months, and bilateral nephrectomy was performed. Major complications included postoperative bleeding in two patients and readmission for ileus in one. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic decortication of painful renal cysts in ADPKD patients is a feasible procedure for symptomatic relief. The Harmonic Scalpel is a useful tool; however, it may not be adequate in preventing delayed bleeding.     

Laparoscopic Decortication of Hilar Renal Cysts Using LigaSure

Background and Objectives:

In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of using the LigaSure sealing system (Valleylab, Boulder, Colorado) for laparoscopic decortication of symptomatic hilar renal cysts.

Methods:

Seventeen patients underwent laparoscopic decortication of hilar renal cysts with the LigaSure system. Our study included only symptomatic, Bosniak type 1, simple and symptomatic renal cysts. The operative route, transperitoneal or retroperitoneal, was planned according to the location confirmed by computed tomography. The patients'' symptoms were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated by the Wong-Baker visual pain scale. Operative measures and radiologic outcomes were prospectively evaluated.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 56.4 years, and the mean follow-up period was 12.5 months. Preoperative computed tomography showed only a single cyst in 15 patients (88.2%) and showed two separate cysts in 2 cases (11.8%). The cysts were located in the perihilar region close to the vascular structure in all patients. A transperitoneal approach was used in 9 patients, and a retroperitoneal approach was used in 8 patients. The mean operative time and hospitalization time were 56.4 minutes and 1.2 days, respectively. Minor complications were observed in 3 patients. Symptomatic and radiologic success rates of 94.2% and 100%, respectively, were achieved.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic decortication of symptomatic hilar renal cysts—first reported in the literature in this study—using the LigaSure sealing system is feasible, effective, and safe, even if the cyst is located in the perihilar area.