磁共振质子波谱成像定量评价脂肪肝的研究进展

脂肪肝是由各种原因引起的脂质运输或代谢障碍导致的肝细胞内以甘油三酯(TG)为主的脂质异常沉积.肝脂肪变性是肝肿瘤手术后发生并发症的主要因素[1-2];脂肪肝量化对手术决策有帮助,也有助于预测术后并发症的发生情况.     

在体心脏31P磁共振波谱化学位移成像技术

磁共振波谱 （MRS）分析是在体心脏研究的重要非侵入性手段 ,作者对化学位移成像波谱分析的技术原理于在体心脏 3 1 P MRS中的具体应用及优缺点进行综述     

基于南方医院健康查体人群脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2活性参考区间的建立

目的 基于南方医院健康查体人群,探讨健康人群血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(lipoprotein associated phos-pholipase A2,Lp-PLA2)浓度是否存在年龄和性别的差异,拟建立本检验室的血清Lp-PLA2活性参考区间.建立健康人群Lp-PLA2活性参考区间.方法 使用速率法对2019年9月至...     

冠心病患者血脂水平与血清高密度脂蛋白亚类组成关系的研究

目的 :探讨冠心病 (CHD)患者血脂水平与血清高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)亚类组成的关系。方法 :采用双向电泳 免疫印迹检测法分析了 83例CHD患者血清HDL亚类组成及相对百分含量。结果 :按血清三酰甘油 (TG)浓度将CHD患者分为 4组 ,各组患者血清中前β1 HDL、HDL3c(除TG <1.35mmol L组外 )、HDL3b水平显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,HDL2b水平显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。随着血清TG浓度的升高 ,前 β1 HDL、HDL3c及HDL3b颗粒逐渐增加 ,而HDL2a及HDL2b颗粒逐渐减少。按血清HDL胆固醇 (HDL C)浓度将CHD患者分为 3组 ,各组患者中 ,前 β1 HDL(除HDL C≥ 1.30mmol L组外 )、HDL3c及HDL3b水平显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5～ <0 .0 1) ,HDL2b水平显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。随着血清HDL C浓度的升高 ,前 β1 HDL、HDL3c、HDL3b及HDL3a颗粒逐渐减少 ,而HDL2b颗粒逐渐增加。结论 :CHD患者血清HDL颗粒直径呈变小趋势 ,并且随着TG水平的升高和HDL C水平的降低 ,其HDL颗粒的变小程度更加明显。     

血脂和脂蛋白水平对我国中年人群缺血性心血管病事件的预测作用

目的 评价不同血脂指标对我国中年人群缺血性心血管病事件的预测作用。方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法,在中美心肺疾病流行病学合作研究4组队列人群(北京和广州两地工人和农民)中选择35～59岁,基线无心肌梗死和脑卒中病史且主要资料完整者10 222人为研究对象(男性4963人,女性5259人),平均随访15.9年。观察终点为缺血性心血管病事件(ICVD),包括冠心病和(或)缺血性脑卒中。结果 随访期间发生ICVD事件378例,其中单纯冠心病96例,缺血性脑卒中270例,冠心病合并缺血性脑卒中12例。多因素Cox回归分析表明,控制年龄、性别以及收缩压(SBP)、糖尿病和吸烟等主要心血管病危险因素后,血清总胆固醇(TC)5.17～5.67 mmol/L组,5.68-6.19 mmol/L组,≥6.20 mmoL/L组ICVD事件发病相对危险性分别为1.34(1.00-1.80),1.61(1.15～2.26)和1.70(1.21～2.37);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)3.62-4.12 mmol/L组,≥4.13 mmol/L组相对危险性分别为1.62(1.15～2.27)和1.67(1.17～2.40),均显著高于参照组(TC<5.17 mmoL/L,LDL-C<3.10 mmoL/L)。按照我国血脂异常防治建议提出的诊断标准,在TC临界升高以上(≥5.17 mmol/L)和升高(≥5.68 mmol/L)组,ICVD发病的归因危险度百分比(ARP)为33.8％和35.9％,人群归因危险度百分比(PARP)为10.6％和6.2％。而     

亚低温干预对缺血性脑卒中患者N-乙酰天门冬氨酸波谱的影响

目的探讨亚低温干预缺血性脑卒中对N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)波谱变化影响。方法选择首发急性缺血性脑卒中(6~48 h)患者274例,随机分为亚低温组130例,对照组144例;按患者起病时间第3、6、9天行颅脑磁共振波谱(MRS)扫描,专业测评人员在与检查相对应时间内进行简单的美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)。结果缺血性脑卒中患者脑梗死中心区域NAA峰值在第3、6、9天均明显低于对侧镜像区(P<0.05)。完全前循环梗死(TACI):亚低温组梗死中心区域NAA峰值在第3、6天比对照组明显增高(P<0.05);部分前循环梗死(PACI):亚低温组中心区域NAA值第3天明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。后循环梗死(POCI):亚低温组中心区域NAA峰值在第3、6天较对照组高(P<0.05)。TACI、PACI:亚低温组NIHSS在第6、9天较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。POCI:亚低温组NIHSS在第9天较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。结论亚低温干预通过改变NAA波谱改善缺血性脑卒中神经功能。     

社区人群中血浆人组织激肽释放酶含量与血脂的关系

目的检测社区正常人群中血浆激肽释放酶(TK)的含量,并研究其与血脂的关系。方法采用生物素-亲和素双抗体夹心ELISA法检测检测1881名社区人群的血浆TK含量,绘制TK含量的分布图并用相关分析和偏相关分析来评估血浆TK含量与血脂的相关关系。结果社区人群血浆中TK含量服从正偏态分布(Skewness=1.297,SE=0.058,Kurtosis=3.896,SE=0.115)。血浆TK的含量与高密度脂蛋白(HDL)成正相关关系(r=0.069,P=0.003),与低密度脂蛋白(LDL)成负相关关系(r=-0.051,P=0.030)。结论血浆脂蛋白的水平可能与血浆TK含量有关。     

G蛋白β3亚单位基因825C/T多态性与中国人群原发性高血压相关性的Meta分析

目的系统评价G蛋白β3亚单位(GNB3)基因825C/T多态性与中国人群原发性高血压(EH)发病风险的关系。方法由两名评价者独立检索PubMed、EMbase、CNKI、CBM和WanFang数据库,收集探讨GNB3基因825C/T多态性与中国人EH相关性的病例-对照研究,检索时限均为建库至2013年9月30日。文献筛选及资料提取后,对纳入文献按NOS进行质量评价,然后采用Stata12.0软件行Meta分析。结果最终纳入30个病例-对照研究,包括EH患者5054例,对照人群5565例。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,GNB3基因825C/T多态性与中国人EH发病风险间无统计学差异[TT vs.CC:(OR=1.13,95%CI:0.89~1.43,P=0.33);TT vs.CT+CC:(OR=1.04,95%CI:0.86~1.26,P=0.70);CT vs.CC:(OR=1.08,95%CI:0.98~1.19,P=0.11);TT+CT vs.CC:(OR=1.11,95%CI:0.96~1.29,P=0.15);T vs.C:(OR=1.06,95%CI:0.95~1.20,P=0.30)]。结论当前证据表明中国人群GNB3基因825C/T多态性与EH发病无关。     

基于网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨绞股蓝-虎杖治疗亚临床动脉粥样硬化的潜在分子机制

目的 基于网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨绞股蓝-虎杖治疗亚临床动脉粥样硬化（Sub-AS）的潜在分子机制。方法 通过中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台筛选绞股蓝、虎杖的活性成分及靶点,通过Genecards、OMIM数据库筛选Sub-AS相关靶点,通过Venny在线平台获取绞股蓝-虎杖治疗Sub-AS的潜在靶点,通过STRING 11.5构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络并进行拓扑分析以筛选绞股蓝-虎杖治疗Sub-AS的关键靶点;之后针对绞股蓝-虎杖治疗Sub-AS的关键靶点进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析,构建药物活性成分-疾病靶点-通路网络;最后通过Auto Dock vina V1.2.0和Py Mol对筛选出的绞股蓝-虎杖核心活性成分与核心疾病靶点进行分子对接。结果 本研究共得到绞股蓝、虎杖活性成分24种,靶点208个;Sub-AS相关靶点1 321个。最终得到97个绞股蓝-虎杖治疗Sub-AS的潜在靶点。构建PPI网络并进行拓扑分析,结果显示,肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、白介素（IL）6、IL4、IL10、IL1B、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）A、基质金属蛋白酶（MMP...     

Aging Characterizations of Modified Asphalt Binders Based on Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR)

Styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) and crumb rubber modifier (CRM) are commonly used modifiers to modify asphalt binders. The aging of modified asphalt binders is an important factor affecting their performance. In this paper, the effects of the two modifiers (i.e., SBS, CRM) on the aging of modified asphalt binders were studied by using low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technology and dynamic shear rheological (DSR) tests. Test results showed that when T2, a parameter of relaxation time from NMR test, was within 2.2 milliseconds, the relaxation peak of both modified and unmodified asphalt binders tested showed two peaks (i.e., “M” shape), and when it was greater than 2 milliseconds, extra peaks appeared only in the modified asphalts. These extra peaks gradually disappeared with increased aging; the modifiers carried signal intensities of their own. The addition of a modifier changes the law of “the greater the viscosity of asphalt, the shorter the T2 relaxation time”. With the aging process, the normalized peak area (NPA) from NMR decreased, and rutting resistance factor from DSR increased. However, the NPA of modified asphalt increased after the PAV test, which may be related to the change of H semaphore. The rheological properties of the asphalt binders before and after aging were well-correlated with the NPA of T2.     

A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of the Striatum and Cerebral Cortex in Parkinson's Disease

Animal studies have suggested an increased striatal glutamate activity in Parkinson's disease models, although this has not been substantiated in magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in patients. Our initial aim was to assess glutamate and glutamine levels in the striatum of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, using multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques. Since data were collected from other areas of the brain without a priori selection, information on the cortex was also obtained. Twelve healthy volunteers, seven dyskinetic and five non-dyskinetic patients were studied. Peak area ratios of choline-containing compounds (Cho), glutamine and glutamate (Glx) and N-acetyl moieties including N-acetylaspartate (NAx), relative to creatine (Cr) were calculated. Spectra were analysed from the corpus striatum, the occipital cortex and the temporo-parietal cortex. The median Glx/Cr ratio was unaltered in the striatal spectra of Parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy controls. However, the more severely affected patients had significantly reduced NAx/Cr ratios in spectra localised to the temporo-parietal cortex, compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, the entire patient population had significantly reduced Cho/Cr ratios in spectra from the temporo-parietal cortex, compared to the reference population. We found no evidence of increased striatal glutamate in either dyskinetic or non-dyskinetic Parkinson's disease. However, the low NAx/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios in the temporo-parietal cortex may indicate the presence of subclinical cortical dysfunction.     

CASE REPORT: Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Diagnosis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Patient with Relapsing Confusional Syndrome

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows the assessment of several metabolites in brain tissue. In patients with hepatic encephalopathy, this technique shows a rise in glutamine and a decrease in myoinositol in brain tissue. However, the role of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is not known. We report the case of a patient with a relapsing confusional syndrome who underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Previously, hepatic encephalopathy was ruled out because of the negative results of a transjugular liver biopsy and normal hepatic venous pressure gradient. The results of magnetic resonance were characteristic of hepatic encephalopathy. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated large portosystemic shunts associated with cirrhosis of the liver. This case shows that magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an useful technique for the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy in selected cases, such as those without clinical signs of cirrhosis and/or large portosystemic shunts.     

汉字阅读加工的功能磁共振研究进展

对阅读基本机制的了解是研究失读症发病机制和对失读症进行康复治疗的基础。功能磁共振成像是一种能显示活体脑内神经活动状态的成像方法,近年来被用于语言学尤其是汉字阅读加工机制的研究。本文对汉字单字加工的偏侧化以及是否存在汉字认知加工的特异脑区等进行综述。     

Reversible Alterations in Brain Metabolites During Therapy for Disseminated Nocardiosis Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

We report reversible abnormalities in magnetic resonance spectra acquired from a patient with AIDS undergoing antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy for disseminated nocardiosis, a rare opportunistic infection of immunosuppressed patients which can cause cerebral abscess formation. There was no clinical, CT or MRI evidence of HIV-1 encephalitis. MR spectra were acquired before and after treatment using a two-dimensional chemical shift imaging technique (TR 1500ms, TE 130ms). Prior to treatment, a rise in the choline to creatine ratio and a reduction in the N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio were observed in MR spectra localized to areas of the left anteromedial centrum semiovale that appeared normal on MR imaging. After 16 weeks, the patient had recovered with complete resolution of the cerebral abscesses on MRI. The MR spectral abnormalities also returned to normal. Two months later, the patient had a relapse with focal neurological signs and further abscesses were demonstrated on MRI of the brain. The patient subsequently died and histopathological and microbiological findings at autopsy confirmed the clinical picture of a recurrence of cerebral nocardiosis with no evidence of HIV-1 encephalitis. This case illustrates reversible MR-measurable metabolite changes in the brain of an HIV-seropositive patient without HIV-1 encephalitis who underwent treatment for cerebral nocardiosis.     

1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Lodgepole Pine Wood Chips Affected by the Mountain Pine Beetle

In this study, wood-water interactions of mountain pine beetle affected lodgepole pine were found to vary with time since death. Based on an analysis of magnetization components and spin-spin relaxation times from ¹H NMR, it was determined that the mountain pine beetle attack does not affect the crystalline structure of the wood. Both the amorphous structure and the water components vary with time since death, which could be due to the fungi present after a mountain pine beetle attack, as well as the fact that wood from the grey-stage of attack cycles seasonally through adsorption and desorption in the stand.     

血脂指标动态变化与冠心病患者择期经皮冠状动脉介入术后非靶血管病变进展的关系研究

背景冠心病(CHD)患者采用经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)具有确切效果,但存在靶血管支架再狭窄和非靶血管病变进展问题。目的探讨血脂指标动态变化与CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的关系。方法选取2017年1月-2019年5月空军军医大学第一附属医院心内科择期PCI后二次入院的CHD患者150例,根据非靶血管病变进展情况分为进展组45例和无进展组105例。比较两组患者性别、年龄、民族(包括回族、汉族)、吸烟情况、既往史(高血压、糖尿病)、CHD家族史、体质指数(BMI)、随访时间及syntax积分及第1次入院、第2次入院血脂指标〔包括总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)、TG/HDL-C及non-HDL-C/HDL-C〕;CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线以评价non-HDL-C对CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的预测价值。结果进展组患者女性比例、糖尿病发生率、syntax积分高于无进展组,第1次入院TC、TG、non-HDL-C低于无进展组,两次入院TC、TG、LDL-C、non-HDL-C、TG/HDL-C、non-HDL-C/HDL-C差值高于无进展组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别〔OR=0.302,95%CI(0.122,0.751)〕、糖尿病〔OR=2.946,95%CI(1.222,7.102)〕、non-HDL-C动态变化〔OR=1.900,95%CI(1.131,3.192)〕、TG/HDL-C动态变化〔OR=1.506,95%CI(1.024,2.215)〕是CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,non-HDL-C动态变化与TG/HDL-C动态变化预测CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的曲线下面积(AUC)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 non-HDL-C动态变化、TG/HDL-C动态变化是CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展的独立影响因素,且其对CHD患者择期PCI后非靶血管病变进展有一定的预测价值。