大肠癌抗原cDNA噬菌体表达库的构建及鉴定

目的 :构建人源性大肠癌抗原cDNA噬菌体表达文库 .方法 :从人大肠癌组织中提取总RNA ,纯化mRNA ,用RT PCR反转录合成cDNA第一链 ,用LD PCR合成cDNA第二链 ,除去小于 5 0 0bp的小片段 ,与去磷酸化的λTriplEx2噬菌体连接 ,体外包装 .转染E .coliXL1 Blue大肠杆菌 ,滴定文库的滴度 ,确定文库容量大小 ,用ITPG和X gal测定重组率 .用SfiⅠ酶切鉴定插入的cDNA片段大小 .结果 :构建成含 2 .39× 10 6重组子的人大肠癌抗原cDNA噬菌体表达文库 ,重组率为 97.5 % ,插入外源cDNA片段大小范围从 1～ 4kb ,平均长约 2 .4kb .结论 :成功构建人大肠癌抗原cDNA噬菌体表达文库 ,适合于大批量筛选cDNA克隆的大肠癌相关抗原基因     

人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库的构建

目的为进一步获得人卵巢癌相关抗原基因,构建人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库.方法从人上皮性卵巢癌组织提取总RNA,分离纯化mRNA,并以此为模板合成第1链cDNA,用置换法合成第2链cDNA.双链cDNA经末端削平、EcoR Ⅰ接头连接、XhoⅠ酶切、过柱分级分离,除去<400 bp片段,收集符合需要的cDNA片段与噬菌体ZAP Express载体连接,体外包装后获得人卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库.结果经检测该原始文库滴度为5.5×106 pfu/ml,扩增后文库滴度为3.0×1011 pfu/ml,重组率96%.插入片段平均大小1.0 kb以上.结论所构建的人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库质量合格,为以后筛选获取卵巢癌特异性相关抗原基因或其它相关基因奠定了基础.     

人食管癌细胞cDNA表达文库的构建和鉴定

目的 构建人食管癌细胞cDNA噬菌体表达文库。方法 从食管癌细胞中提取总RNA,利用磁珠吸附法分离其中的mRNA,逆转录合成cDNA第一链,再通过碱基互补配对原则合成第二链,对双链cDNA进行末端修饰,连接EcoRⅠ适配子,磷酸化EcoRⅠ适配子5′端,除去不合要求的cDNA片段,将符合要求的与载体（噬菌体T7 Select10-3b）连接,然后进行体外包装建成初步的cDNA文库,并对文库进行鉴定。结果 食管癌细胞cDNA原始表达文库的滴度为2.01×106 pfu/mL,重组率高达100%,插入片段的大小范围在300～1 500 bp之间。结论 本实验成功构建了人食管癌T7噬菌体展示cDNA表达文库,并经过了初步鉴定,为下一步利用重组表达cDNA克隆的血清学分析技术（SEREX技术）鉴定食管癌相关抗原奠定基础。     

大肠癌抗原基因的筛选与初步分析

目的 筛选鉴定大肠癌抗原基因,并进行生物信息学的初步分析。方法 采用自体或异体大肠癌患者血清。应用SEREX方法对大肠癌cDNA噬菌体表达文库进行免疫筛选。阳性克隆噬菌体在扩增、提取、纯化DNA后,用PCR方法和EcoRⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切鉴定cDNA片段的大小。阳性克隆eDNA插入pUCm-T载体测序。序列生物信息学分析采用NCBI的All GenBank＋EMBL＋DDBJ＋PDB Sequences Database进行BLAST基因比对分析。结果 筛选出11个阳性克隆,cDNA片段大小分别为1100、1300、1000、2000、1200、1200,700、900、600、1200和1000bp,代表9个抗原基因,7个与已知基因同源。有3个阳性克隆为同1个基因片段,与干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白．1基因同源．具有抗增殖作用：另6个阳性克隆分别与不同的基因同源,分别是：BAC clone RP11-453E17“肿瘤解剖计划”基因,功能尚不清楚;软骨．毛发发育不良区基因,发生软骨-毛发发育不良综合征;入5号染色体克隆的序列,有插入突变,功能尚不清楚;类似抗肿瘤坏死因子α抗体的轻链Fab段基因,与IgG1抗体的y链（重链）和k链（轻链）的编码和调控其生物功能有关,可能与肿瘤的生长有关;β2微球蛋白的mRNA,与肿瘤细胞的增殖有关;醛缩酶A基因,异常表达可能促进肿瘤细胞的增殖;尚有2个阳性克隆的cDNA序列没有同源性,功能有待进一步研究。结论 用SEREX方法筛选大肠癌cDNA表达文库,可直接获得有价值的大肠癌抗原基因,对大肠癌发病机制的研究以及探讨早期诊断方法有重要意义。     

蠕形螨cDNA文库的构建及鉴定

目的构建蠕形螨cDNA文库,以便进一步研究蠕形螨相关的基因。方法采用自然沉降法收集山羊蠕形螨,用TransZol Up试剂盒提取其总RNA,然后反转录合成第1链cDNA,通过LD-PCR获得第2链cDNA,将双链cDNA纯化去除小片段,收集大于500 bp的cDNA片段,与pGM-T载体连接,将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌感受态细胞TOP10建成蠕形螨cDNA文库,检验文库容量和重组效率,并采用PCR方法对插入cDNA片段大小进行分析。结果 cDNA文库的库容量为2.56×106cfu,重组效率达98%,平均插入片段长度大于1 000 bp。结论构建的蠕形螨cDNA文库质量良好,为进一步对蠕形螨基因探索奠定基础。     

人胚胎干细胞培养及其cDNA文库的构建

目的 构建人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,为筛查疾病抗原基因奠定基础.方法 培养和收集人胚胎干细胞克隆,提取胚胎干细胞总RNA,分离纯化mRNA,利用mRNA作模板反转录合成双链cDNA,双链DNA经pfu-DNA聚合酶将链末端补平,与EcoRⅠ接头连接,XhoⅠ酶切消化产生粘端.用Sepharose CL2B柱分离纯化及除去小分子cDNA片段,与Uni-ZAP XR噬菌体连接,体外转化XL1-blue MRF菌,建成cDNA文库并计算重组效率.对cDNA文库进行扩增,测定扩增文库的滴度.阳性重组子用EcoRⅠ+XhoⅠ双酶切鉴定插入片段的大小.结果 构建成含1.2×106重组子的人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,重组子插入外源DNA片段长度不小于1000 kb.结论 已成功构建人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,适合用于筛选目的基因克隆.     

大肠癌相关抗体Fab段噬菌体呈现库的表达和活性鉴定

目的利用阳性重组菌XL1-Blue-Pcomb3 表达出人源性大肠癌Fab段噬菌体原始库,固相化人大肠癌组织及细胞的相关抗原后对其进行筛选,鉴定筛选后的抗体库与人大肠癌有无特异性的结合活性。方法PCR鉴定XL1-Blue- Pcomb3重链Fd段和资链的插入率,表达出人大肠癌Fab段原始库。然后提取3例用于构建原始抗体库的致敏大肠癌组织抗原,13例非致敏大肠癌组织抗原及3种体外培养的大肠癌细胞株LoVo、HT-29、LS-174T的抗原,利用3组混合抗原分别对原始抗体库进行3轮筛选,将筛选后的3个三级库等体积混和后通过ELISA及免疫组化鉴定其与人大肠癌组织及细胞是否具有特异性的结合活性,取胃癌、食管癌及正常肠粘膜组织和胃癌、肝癌细胞进行对照研究。结果Fd片段及资链的插入率分别为40%和70%,Fd片段及资链均插入质粒Pcomb3的重组率为28%,Fab段基因库库容为2.1×106,3组大肠癌混合抗原分别对原始库进行3轮筛选后,抗体库均得到了不同程度的富集,ELISA及免疫组化显示富集后的抗体库对人大肠癌组织及体外培养的大肠癌细胞均有较特异性的结合活性。结论利用噬菌体抗体库技术筛选到了人大肠癌相关Fab段抗体群,且筛选后的抗体群与人大肠癌抗原有较特异性的结合活性。     

人源性大肠癌自然致敏噬菌体抗体Fab呈现库的构建与筛选

目的 构建大肠癌病人自然致敏淋巴结抗体Ｆab段噬菌体呈现库,初步筛选相关抗大肠癌抗体。方法取大肠癌病 人转移淋巴结,提取淋巴结总ＲＮＡ,逆转录ＰＣＲ扩增重链Ｆｄ和Ｋ轻链ｃＤＮＡ。依次将ＰＣＲ产物插入载体pＣomb３的 相应部位,构建人源性大肠癌噬菌体Ｆab基因库,并应用噬菌体表面呈现技术对该抗体库进行淘选及鉴定。结果所选 ２种Ig亚类的重链 Ｆd片段、２种κ轻链cＤＮＡ得到扩增。 Ｆd片段和κ轻链均插入pＣomb３的重组率为４０％,Ｆab噬菌 体表达库容达１．４８×１０６。经３轮淘选,抗体库得到约１２０倍的富集。３轮抗体库的点印记免疫染色均显示有Ｆab表达;酶 联免疫吸附实验显示其与大肠癌抗原有结合活性。结论成功构建了大肠癌病人自然致敏淋巴结抗体Ｆab段噬菌体呈 现库,利用噬菌体抗体库技术,可筛选相关抗大肠癌抗体。     

卵巢上皮性癌相关抗原cDNA表达文库的构建

目的:构建人卵巢上皮性癌cDNA表达文库.方法:提取卵巢上皮性癌患者腹腔积液肿瘤细胞mRNA,反转录合成双链 cDNA,末端补平后连接EcoRI接头,末端磷酸化,XhoI消化,将双末端黏性化的双链cDNA经过凝胶层析柱,收集大于500 bp的cDNA片段,加工后与Uni-ZAP XR Vector连接,经过体外包装,感染宿主菌XL1-blue MRF′,构建cDNA文库,检测文库容量和质量.结果:cDNA表达文库原始库容为1.82×106,扩增后文库的库容为7.5×109,重组效率约为90%,插入片段大小主要集中在1.0～2.0 kb.结论:成功构建了一个卵巢上皮性癌cDNA表达文库,为下一步筛选、鉴定卵巢上皮性癌相关抗原奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.