食管鳞癌组织AgNOR计数与DNA倍的关系

本文应用ＡｇＮＯＲ技术对２０例食管鳞癌手术切除标本中癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ进行计数，同时运用流式细胞分析技术测定其ＤＮＡ指数及Ｓ期细胞百分率，并与ＡｇＮＯＲ计数进行比较，结果显示：食管鳞癌细胞核内平均ＡｇＮＯＲ数目与Ｓ期细胞百分率呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．７３）。而ＤＩ与ＡｇＮＯＲ计数无明显相关关系（ｒ＝０．３０）。     

胃癌前病变AgNOR面积及形态与其DNA含量的对照研究

本文应用计算机图象分析系统对１０例肠化、３０例不同程度异型增生的胃粘膜，１０例正常胃粘膜和１０例高分化腺癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ蛋白的面积及其颗粒的形状进行了定量，并测定了其ＤＮＡ含量，结果显示，随胃粘膜病变程度的加重，其核内ＡｇＮＯＲ蛋白与ＤＮＡ含量依次增加，而ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒的形状因子呈递减趋势。ＡｇＮＯＲ蛋白面积／核和其颗粒的形状因子与ＤＮＡ含量均有良好的线性相关关系，前者为正相关（ｒ＝０．９９Ｐ＜０．００１），后者为负相关（ｒ＝－０．９５２Ｐ＜０．００１）。我们认为，ＡｇＮＯＲ面积及其颗粒的形状可以反映出胃粘膜的病变程度。可作为胃癌前病变诊断及病情监测的有用指标。     

食管鳞癌组织AgNOR计数与DNA倍体的关系

本文应用ＡｇＮＯＲ技术对２０例食管鳞癌手术切除标本中癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ进行计数，同时运用流式细胞分析技术测定其ＤＮＡ指数（ＤＩ）及Ｓ期细胞百分率，并与ＡｇＮＯＲ计数进行比较。结果显示：食管鳞癌细胞核内平均ＡｇＮＯＲ数目与Ｓ期细胞百分率呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．７３）。而ＤＩ与ＡｇＮＯＲ计数无明显相关关系（ｒ＝０．３０）。     

宫颈病变细胞核AgNOR颗粒形态定量分析

为探讨不同程度宫颈病变的细胞核、ＡｇＮＯＲ的变化规律。利用自动图像分析技术分别对２８例宫颈癌，５５例宫颈非典型增生和１５例正常宫颈组织细胞核及ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒形态定量参数进行测定。结果显示：除正常宫颈与轻度非典型增生宫颈组外，宫颈中度、重度非典型增生与宫颈鳞癌三组之间其平均细胞核面积、每个核ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒数、平均颗粒面积、颗粒直径以及ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒面积／细胞核面积之比值逐渐增加，而ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒形状因子逐渐减小，各组之间存在着统计学差异。ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒直径变化不显著。认为在宫颈组织发生癌变过程中，细胞核及核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒大小、形态和数量均发生改变。提示细胞核及核内ＡｇＮＯＲ定量参数有可能作为估计肿瘤细胞恶性潜能的指标     

核仁形成区相关嗜银蛋白与上皮细胞增殖

应用放射自显影和银染技术检测Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠食管和小肠上皮细胞增殖状态结果表明：食管底层细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率０．２１，ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目１．７７，高于浅层细胞的０．０５和１．４０（Ｐ＜０．００５）。肠腺上皮细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率为０．７５，ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目２．７７，高于绒毛上皮细胞的０．５０和２．０５（Ｐ＜０．００１）。３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率和ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目在底层细胞（ｒ＝０．８６）、浅层细胞（ｒ＝０．８８）、肠腺细胞（ｒ＝０．９１）和绒毛细胞（ｒ＝０．６７）均呈直线密切正相关。提示：上皮细胞中ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目与ＤＮＡ合成同步增长；ＡｇＮＯＲＳ数目准确标示了不同增殖状态细胞群体，是反映细胞增殖水平的敏感指标。     

AgNOR检测在乳腺疾病中的应用

细胞核内核仁组成区相关嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）的检测对乳腺良、恶性病变的鉴别诊断具有价值［１］。本文对４５１例乳腺恶性、良性及交界性病变进行了ＡｇＮＯＲ检测，发现良性组与恶性组无论数量还是形态、大小都有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。恶性肿瘤伴腋下淋巴结转移的病人术后２年内发生远处转移或死亡组其ＡｇＮＯＲ计数与无远处转移存活组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００５）．在交界性病变中ＡｇＮＯＲ平均计数介于良恶性之间，（平均计数４．５２）．在复发或癌变者的ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒基本为弥散型或混合型，发生癌变者计数均超过平均值。我们认为交界性病变ＡｇＮＯＲ计数及形态对临床处理和估计预后均有价值。结果提示在非恶性病变的诊断中，尤其在交界性病变中ＡｇＮＯＲ计数大于４．５，且以弥散型或混合型为主者，要结合病人年龄及临床表现作出适宜的手术处理。     

放疗或化疗对肺癌细胞AgNOR的影响

目的探讨放疗或化疗对肺癌细胞核仁组织区嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）的影响。方法应用ＡｇＮＯＲ染色技术检测３５例未治疗肺癌和３７例化疗或放疗后肺癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒数目，并进行对比分析。结果未治疗组鳞癌、腺癌、小细胞癌ＡｇＮＯＲ数分别为４．７２±０．６８、４．２７±０．８７和５．６３±０．８２，化疗组分别为３．６７±１．０４、３．８８±０．８４和３．３４±０．９２，放疗组鳞癌和小细胞癌分别为３．６３±０．５６和３．０６±０．８５。治疗组与未治疗组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；鳞癌、小细胞癌也均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），而腺癌无明显差异。ＡｇＮＯＲ均值下降率依次为放疗、化疗组小细胞癌（３９．８７％和３４．３１％）、鳞癌（１７．１６％和１７．８４％）和化疗组腺癌（９．３１％）。结论放疗或化疗对鳞癌和小细胞癌ＡｇＮＯＲ有明显影响。     

胃癌和胃粘膜异型增生核仁组织区嗜银蛋白定量和形态研究

目的探讨核仁组织区嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）染色技术在胃癌、癌前病变、慢性胃炎中鉴别诊断价值和意义。方法应用ＡｇＮＯＲ染色技术，观察１３２例胃良恶性病变和癌前病变细胞核中ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒含量和形态。结果胃癌、胃粘膜异型增生、慢性胃炎三组间细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒均数差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），正常胃壁粘膜与慢性胃炎ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒均数无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。胃癌和胃粘膜异型增生ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒形态以弥散型为主，而慢性胃炎和正常胃粘膜以核仁型为主。结论细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒含量和分型对于区别胃良恶性及癌前病变有重要参考价值。     

AgNOR技术及CT扫描联合诊断肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的可行性研究

探讨ＡｇＮＯＲ技术及ＣＴ扫描联合诊断肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的可行性。应用ＡｇＮＯＲ技术和ＣＴ扫描对３８例肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移情况进行分析。伴淋巴结转移肺癌的ＡｇＮＯＲ／核均数显著高于无淋巴结转移肺癌（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＣＴ扫描淋巴结短径≥８ｍｍ的１０例肺癌中淋巴结转移７例，此７例肺癌细胞的ＡｇＮＯＲ／核均数为８．９７±０．７２，且ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒均表现为聚集型。提示以肺癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒为聚集型，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ／核均数≥８，ＣＴ扫描淋巴结短径≥８ｍｍ作为标准诊断肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移有较高的特异性及敏感性。ＡｇＮＯＲ技术及ＣＴ扫描联合诊断肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移有较好的临床应用前景     

肝针吸良、恶性细胞核内AgNORs图像分析的定量研究

应用真彩色图像分析技术对肝针吸细胞中的２０例肝癌及５例增生肝细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲｓ进行了定量研究。结果显示，肝针吸肝癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲｓ的平均面积、平均积分光密度、颗粒直径及平均颗粒数均明显高于增生肝细胞（Ｐ＜００１）；ＡｇＮＯＲｓ图像定量分析可为肝针吸癌细胞和增生肝细胞的鉴别诊断提供一种新的定量指标；ＡｇＮＯＲｓ在形态、数量及分布上的不同特征也可作为鉴别两者的重要依据。     

原发性肺癌核仁组成区定量研究

用AgNOR定量法(计算AgNOR平均量/每核、数目、大小、位置及异形率)观察了78例肺癌(30例鳞癌、6例小细胞癌、31例腺癌、11例大细胞癌)病人的石蜡切片。结果表明,AgNOR颗粒有三种类型的形态特征:孤立圆形、细小弥漫型、粗大不规则型;每型肺癌有各自的一些形态特征;高分化腺癌细胞AgNOR平均数与其他类型肺癌相差非常显著(P<0.01);随着分化程度降低肺癌细胞AgNOR颗粒数增加、变细小或粗大不规则。作者认为,AgNORs颗粒数增加及不规则可能与基因调控、细胞增殖活性,核仁聚散等有关,对肺癌分型诊断有一定的帮助。     

砷致皮肤癌的核形态变化及其AgNOR颗粒形态定量分析

目的 :探讨砷致皮肤癌的核形态变化及其AgNor颗粒的形态定量分析。方法 :利用自动图像分析技术分别对 18例砷致皮肤癌、8例非砷致皮肤癌、9例皮内痣组织细胞的核浆面积比 (核浆比 )及核仁组成区嗜银蛋白 (AgNOR)的形态计量学参数 (灰度、形状因子、最小直径、最大直径、周长、面积、颗粒数 )进行自动测定。结果 :皮肤癌 (砷致、非砷致 )与皮内痣的核浆比、AgNOR的各参数之间有显著差异 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,而砷致皮肤癌与非砷致皮肤癌之间的核浆比、AgNOR的各参数之间无显著差异 (p >0 .0 5 )。结论 :核浆比、AgNOR的形态计量学参数 (特别是平均颗粒数与平均面积 )可为鉴别良、恶性肿瘤提供一种有用的手段。     

Cytophotometric DNA content and argyrophilic nucleolar organiser regions of oesophageal carcinoma.

The cytophotometric DNA content and the argyrophilic nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) of biopsy specimens taken before undergoing any treatment were examined in 91 surgically treated oesophageal carcinoma cases. There was a significant linear dependence between the mean DNA content and the number of AgNOR per nucleus (AgNOR number) (r = 0.615, P < 0.001). The DNA distribution pattern and the range of the AgNOR number also showed a significant correlation (P < 0.01). Twenty three of 28 cases with a low AgNOR number (< 4) were then determined to have a diploid pattern (type II), while 17 out of 22 cases with a high AgNOR number (> or = 6) had high ploidy values (type IV). The patients with a type II DNA distribution pattern and a low AgNOR number thus showed a good post-operative course with a 5 year survival rate of 55.2%, whereas no patients survived over 4 years among the 17 cases with both a type IV DNA pattern and a high AgNOR number (P < 0.001). These data thus demonstrate the close relationship between cytophotometric DNA content and AgNOR number and suggest that the combined detection of these two parameters, using biopsy specimens, should be of benefit in making an accurate preoperative evaluation of prognosis for patients with oesophageal carcinoma.     

乳腺癌核仁组成区相关嗜银蛋白的研究

本文应用核仁组成区相关嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）当色技术，对５０例乳腺活检标本进行研究。其中包括正常乳腺组织，乳腺良性肿瘤和乳腺癌。结果表明，ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒数量、大小及分布情况在乳腺良、恶性病变之间均有差异，特别是核内ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒的平均数量改变更为明显。因此，该技术用于乳良、恶病变的诊断，具有重要的辅助意义。     

Ultrastructural studies of central-type early squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

Characteristics of the nuclei in histopathologic preparations obtained from a patient with bronchial carcinoma and two patients with microinvasive bronchial carcinoma were studied by transmission electron microscopy. In carcinoma in situ, the nuclei showed slight or moderate irregularity in the nuclear outline. The number of perichromatin granules was usually one to 10 per nucleus section. Formation of fibrillar centers was not marked. In microinvasive carcinoma, the nuclei were more irregular in nuclear outline than in carcinoma in situ. The number of perichromatin granule was usually more than 11 per nucleus section. Formation of fibrillar centers was predominant.     

Prognostic significance of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in esophageal carcinoma

The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) of 100 cancer cells from biopsy specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in 98 surgically treated cases was examined, using a silver colloid staining technique on biopsy specimens. The number of AgNOR per nucleus (AgNOR number) was higher in the more advanced groups with regard to the length of the tumor (P less than 0.01), the depth of penetration (P less than 0.05), and lymph node metastasis (P less than 0.01). The survival of the patients with a high AgNOR number (greater than or equal to 6) was significantly poorer than those with either a medium range AgNOR number (4 less than or equal to-less than 6) (P less than 0.05) or a low AgNOR number (less than 4) (P less than 0.01). In the multivariate analysis including conventional clinicopathological factors, the AgNOR number was found to be one of the independent and significant variables (P less than 0.01). Because the AgNOR method is simple and can be applied to paraffin-embedded sections, the AgNOR number may provide potential benefit in the pretherapeutic assessment of malignant potentiality in esophageal carcinoma.     

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) area per nucleus as a prognostic factor in breast cancer

Whether argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) is a predictor of prognosis in breast cancer is controversial. The semiquantitative procedure used to calculate interphasic argyrophilic dots optically is neither reliable nor reproducible. We measured the mean area of AgNOR dots, the mean AgNOR area per nucleus (MA), and the mean AgNOR number per nucleus (MN) by automated image analysis in specimens from 131 patients with breast cancer. Higher MA (>7.41 pun²), detected in 22 (16.8%) of 131 patients, did not correlate with clinicobiologic variables, except for DNA ploidy status. Overall survival was significantly better in patients with lower MA than in those with higher MA. On multivariate analysis, MA was a significant independent factor, followed by nodal status. These findings indicate that expression of AgNOR should be evaluated in terms of area occupied and that the mean area of AgNOR per nucleus (MA) is an important prognostic factor in the overall survival of breast cancer patients. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Nucleolar organizer regions in aggressive and nonaggressive basal cell carcinoma of the skin.

Nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) were investigated on routine paraffin-embedded histologic sections of 11 aggressive basal cell carcinomas that recurred and/or metastasized (BCC2) and 11 nonaggressive basal cell carcinomas (BCC1). The absolute number of NOR per nucleus was higher in BCC2 than in BCC1, and their distribution pattern was also different. In fact, the means of argyrophilic staining of NOR (AgNOR) counts in the two groups of tumors by two observers were 6.56 with a SD of 1.98 for the nonaggressive and 9.48 with a SD of 2.12 for the aggressive basal cell carcinomas. A statistical analysis of these data using the Student's t test confirmed these observations (t = 64.49). Problems in the evaluation of NOR and possible comparison with other experiences are also discussed. The authors conclude that a quantitative assay of AgNOR and perhaps their distribution pattern may provide information useful to recognize BCC2 and hence may be of help in their prognostic prediction.     

AgNOR计数在甲状腺肿瘤病理诊断中的意义

应用ＡｇＮＯＲ染色技术对２５例甲状腺腺瘤，１８例甲状腺癌进行了ＡｇＮＯＲ定量观察。结果表明：ＡｇＮＯＲ计数多少与细胞的异型性及分化程度有关。乳头状及滤泡性良恶性肿瘤之间瘤细胞含ＡｇＮＯＲ均数均存在显著性差异，说明ＡｇＮＯＲ计数有助于它们之间的鉴别。但分化好的滤泡癌及乳头状癌与不典型腺瘤之间无显著性差异。说明不典型腺瘤为一交界性肿瘤，另外也说明对于甲状腺癌的诊断ＡｇＮＯＲ计数虽有一定价值但不能单独作为诊断依据。     

骨巨细胞瘤AgNOR和DNA的定量研究

 采用AgNOR染色和流式细胞术分别对50例和30例骨巨细胞瘤（GCT）进行研究。AgNOR计数Ⅰ级7．49±1．57，Ⅱ级9．47±1．08，Ⅲ级10．67±0．37。Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级，Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级之间皆有显著性差异，Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级之间无显著性差异。FCM分析结果表明，DNA异倍体率在各级GCT之间有显著差异，各级GCT的S期百分比无显著性差异。整倍体和异倍体AgNOR计数有显著性差异。GCT复发浸润与倍体水平及AgNOR计数有关。