秦皮及其混伪品的生药学研究现状

从秦皮的用药历史、真实性鉴定和化学成分等方面综述了秦皮及其常见混伪品的生药学研究现状,为秦皮质量标准研究及资源合理开发利用提供参考依据。     

荜茇的本草考证

目的：考究荜茇的用药历史，确定正品，排除伪品。方法：考查古今文献记载，综合分析。结果：古今本草所载荜茇不尽相同。结论：荜茇正品来源于胡椒科植物荜茇Piper longum L.的干燥近成熟或成熟果穗，同属他种植物果穗为混伪品。     

基于ITS2序列的建泽泻及其混伪品鉴定研究

目的?利用ITS2条形码鉴别建泽泻及其混伪品。方法?提取28份建泽泻及其混伪品基因组DNA,PCR扩增ITS2序列并进行双向测序,测序结果提交至GenBank,同时从GenBank下载泽泻科植物及其混伪品10种17条ITS2序列,对提交与下载的45条序列,应用MEGA 5.1软件进行序列比对,计算种内和种间距离,采用相似性搜索法、最近距离法进行鉴定分析,并构建NJ系统进化树直观反映鉴定结果。结果?建泽泻、川泽泻ITS2序列长度均为311?bp,存在1个变异位点;建泽泻与泽泻科泽泻属物种距离较近,与泽泻科其他属及其混伪品之间遗传距离较远;NJ树结果显示建泽泻及其混伪品均可明显区分,表现出良好的单系性。结论?ITS2序列作为DNA条形码可以准确快捷地鉴别建泽泻及其混伪品,为其种质资源鉴定及临床安全用药提供了新的技术手段。      

蒲公英属植物研究进展

蒲公英属(Taraxacum)植物是临床常用的中药材,属于我国国家中药保护品种之一.我国蒲公英属植物种类具有繁杂的多样性,资源蕴藏量极为丰富,不仅在临床上具有多方面的疗效,而且还是人们非常喜欢的营养丰富的绿色蔬菜.本文综述了蒲公英属植物的种类组成、种群分布规律、化学成分、药用价值、药理作用、临床应用等方面的基本情况,可...     

基于ITS2序列的羌活及其混伪品的DNA条形码鉴定

目的 对羌活及其混伪品进行分子鉴定,以确保该药材的质量以及临床疗效。方法 利用PCR测序法,对样品进行核基因ITS2片段扩增并双向测序,所得序列经CodonCode Aligner拼接后,用软件MEGA 4.0进行相关数据分析,并构建邻接（NJ）树。利用已建立的ITS2数据库及其网站预测ITS2二级结构。结果 羌活与宽叶羌活ITS2序列长度均为228 bp,二者种内平均K2P（Kimura-2-parameter）遗传距离均远远小于其与混伪品的种间平均K2P遗传距离;由所构建的系统聚类树图可以看出,羌活与宽叶羌活均表现出了单系性,而同时又与其他混伪品明显分开;比较ITS2二级结构发现,羌活基原植物与其混伪品在4个螺旋区的茎环数目、大小、位置以及螺旋发出时的角度均有明显差异。结论 ITS2序列作为DNA条形码可以方便快捷地鉴别羌活及其混伪品,为其种质资源鉴定及临床安全用药提供了重要分子依据。     

瓦楞子及其混伪品的差热分析、X射线衍射和X射线荧光分析

目的借助现代分析手段探讨瓦楞子及其混伪品的差异性。方法采用差热分析法、X射线衍射法和X射线荧光分析法对瓦楞子及其混伪品进行比较分析研究,并采用聚类分析和主成分分析进行数据分析。结果差热分析图谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品在50℃及高温区均呈现相同的吸热峰; X射线衍射图谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品均为文石型碳酸钙; X射线荧光光谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品元素种类及其含量大致相同。瓦楞子及其混伪品的无机元素种类和含量进行聚类分析和主成分分析,可将其分为三类,即毛蚶、密肋粗饰蚶、泥蚶、球蚶、魁蚶和舟蚶为一类,异毛蚶和结蚶分别为一类。结论通过对瓦楞子及其混伪品的差热分析、X射线衍射和X射线荧光分析的系统比较分析研究,瓦楞子及其混伪品的在成分组成及结构方面差异性小,可为市售瓦楞子的合理安全用药提供依据。     

我国药用香茶菜属植物化学及药理学研究新进展

唇形科香茶菜属[Rabdosia (BL.)Hassk.]植物在世界各地分布约1 50种,我国是该属植物资源最丰富的国家,有90种,21个变种,全国各地均有分布,其中以西南各省种数最多.对于香茶菜属植物的药用价值,人们早有认识,在民间多用作清热解毒、活血破瘀、抗菌消炎、抗肿瘤和治疗各种肝炎等[1].我国于70年代中期开始了对该属植物的开发利用研究.这里,将近10年来有关国内有不同产地香茶菜属植物的活性成分和药理学研究情况进行综述,为该属植物及其二萜类活性成分在抗菌、抗肿瘤等方面的开发利用提供依据.     

天仙子及其混伪品的微性状鉴别

目的对天仙子及其混伪品进行鉴别。方法查阅文献,在明确天仙子及其混伪品种类的基础上,应用中药微性状鉴定法对其进行鉴别研究。结果天仙子及其混伪品呈现不同的微性状特征,在性状、大小、色泽、表面光滑程度、表面附属物等方面有较明显的区别。结论利用中药微性状鉴定法可以对天仙子及其混伪品进行鉴别。     

承德中草药资源的种类与分布

承德野生中草药资源百分之九十以上为植物资源,极少数为动物资源.据不完全统计具有药用价值的植动物约600多种,历史上有经营的中药材约260余种,尚未开发利用的约400种.     

巴戟天及其混伪品的生药鉴别

目的：为巴戟天及其混伪品的鉴别提供参考依据。方法：采用来源、性状、显微、理化等鉴别方法进行鉴别比较。结果：总结出了巴戟天及其混伪品的鉴别特征。结论：经过综合鉴别比较,可以分清品种,鉴别真伪,以确保临床用药准确有效。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.