非生殖道来源的卵巢转移性癌的预后影响因素

目的 :观察影响非生殖道来源的卵巢转移性癌疗效的预后因素。方法 :回顾性分析我院 1980年 8月～ 1997年 12月收治的非生殖道来源的卵巢转移性癌 5 7例。根据手术方式分为 :甲组 (2 5例 )原发瘤加转移瘤切除 ;乙组 (32例 )仅转移瘤切除。两组均于术后辅以化疗。结果 :甲、乙组的中位生存期分别为 19、10个月 ,两组间中位生存期差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。原发瘤为胃肠道者与非胃肠道者的中位生存期分别为 12个月与 2 7个月 (P <0 .0 1)。印戒细胞癌与非印戒细胞癌的中位生存期分别为 9个月和 2 1个月 (P <0 .0 1)。淋巴结清扫与未清扫两者的中位生存期分别为 12个月、10 .5个月 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :非生殖道来源的卵巢转移性癌预后极差 ,但原发瘤切除加转移瘤切除并辅以术后化疗可以改善预后。原发瘤为胃肠道者及印戒细胞癌者预后差。卵巢转移性癌做淋巴结清扫术临床意义不大。     

96例人骨肉瘤预后影响因素的研究

目的：研究人骨肉瘤患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤发生部位、肿瘤大小及组织学分型与预后的关系。方法：对一般临床资料及随访资料进行统计学处理,计数资料用ｘ＾２检验、生存资料用Ｌｏｇ－ｒａｎｋ检验、Ｋａｐｌａｎ－Ｍｅｉｅｒ生存曲线表示。结果：骨肉瘤患者多于三年内死亡。男性患者的预后比女性患者差（Ｐ〈０．０１）;小于３０岁的患者预后明显大于３０岁者差（Ｐ〈０．０１）;发生于近膝关节及肱骨近端的患者预后比发生于其它     

子宫内膜癌PCNA表达的临床意义

目的　探讨增殖细胞核抗原 (Proliferatingcellnuclearantigen ,PCNA)在子宫内膜癌组织中表达的临床意义。方法　采用免疫组化LSAB法检测PCNA在 42例子宫内膜癌组织中的表达。结果　PCNA增殖指数与子宫内膜癌组织学分级及手术分期相关 ,晚期 (Ⅲ、Ⅳ )患者PCNA指数明显高于早期 (Ⅰ、Ⅱ )患者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,组织学Ⅲ级者PCNA指数明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ级者 (P <0 .0 1) ;PCNA高表达者 (增殖指数≥ 30 % )预后明显差于低表达者 (<30 % )。结论　PC NA可作为判断子宫内膜癌恶性程度及预后的指标。     

人骨肉瘤细胞致瘤性与临床预后关系的实验研究

目的通过建立稳定的骨肉瘤体内模型,初步筛选出骨肉瘤的高致瘤性细胞群,分析骨肉瘤的致瘤性与临床患者预后的相关性。方法利用骨肉瘤患者的原代活组织检查标本及化疗后行保肢术或截肢术时所取的标本,接种裸鼠或非肥胖糖尿病/严重联合免疫缺陷(NOD/SCID)小鼠,致瘤后分离移植瘤,体内接种连续传代建立的骨肉瘤体内模型;应用流式细胞仪分析高致瘤骨肉瘤细胞表型,并对患者进行随访,统计其生存情况,了解骨肉瘤细胞的致瘤性与患者临床预后的关系。结果成功建立可稳定传代的人骨肉瘤小鼠体内模型,致瘤组预后差者占9/12,显著高于非致瘤组的3/18(P<0.01);致瘤性与患者复发、转移及死亡呈正相关(r=0.773,P=0.01)。移植瘤细胞中间充质干细胞标志CD44、CD90、CD166均呈高表达,分别为(56.1±2.0)%、(60.3±2.1)%、(61.4±4.1)%。结论高致瘤骨肉瘤患者的预后较非致瘤者差;CD44、CD90、CD166可作为临床判断骨肉瘤患者预后的指标。     

胫骨骨肉瘤1例临床报告

骨肉瘤占骨肿瘤总数的12.3％,好发于青少年.40岁以后发病多为继发性Paget病、放射性骨病、遗传性多发性骨软骨瘤以及多发性的骨纤维异常增殖症.好发部位多为膝关节周围的股骨远端及胫骨近端.骨肉瘤80％～90％发生于长管壮骨干骺端[1],干骺端骨肉瘤的好发年龄为15 ～25岁[2].临床表现为明显的局部症状(疼痛、肿胀和功能受限),继而是全身恶病质表现.传统的治疗方法是截肢和手术切除,该病预后差,病人身心极度痛苦.采取以新法化疗-介入栓塞肿瘤血供-手术治疗-术后继续化疗的模式可提高手术切除率、保肢机率,降低手术后肿瘤转移机率.本学院第二附属医院在2010年12月收治了1例左胫骨上端骨肉瘤并成功为患者实旌保肢手术,现报道如下.     

PCNA在卵巢颗粒细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的 :探讨增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)在卵巢颗粒细胞瘤 (GCT)中的表达及临床意义。方法 :S P法检测5 2例卵巢GCT中PCNA表达水平。每例切片 3张 ,厚度 4 μm ,分别进行HE染色及PCNA测定。结果 :PCNA在卵巢GCT中强阳性表达率晚期明显高于早期 (P <0 .0 1) ;弥漫型明显高于其他病理类型 (P <0 .0 1) ;核分裂数≥ 3/HPF明显高于 <3/HPF (P <0 .0 1) ;瘤体 >10cm明显高于≤ 10cm (P <0 .0 1) ;术后复发者明显高于无复发者 (P<0 .0 1) ;死亡者明显高于存活者 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :PCNA的表达与卵巢GCT的生物学行为及预后有关。     

食道鳞癌DNA含量定量分析及其临床意义

目的 :探讨食道鳞癌DNA含量定量分析的临床意义。方法 :选择 45例手术根治切除食道鳞癌标本 ,应用图像细胞计技术测量肿瘤细胞DNA含量和倍体 ,与正常食道鳞状上皮对照 ,瘤体大小 (直径 >3cm或≤ 3cm) ,有无淋巴结转移 ,病理组织学分级与DNA含量对照。结果 :正常食道鳞状上皮与食道鳞癌DNA含量存在显著差异 (P<0 .0 1) ,瘤体大小的平均DNA含量存在差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,DNA含量与有无淋巴结转移有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,病理组织学分级Ⅰ级与Ⅲ级存在显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :DNA含量定量分析在食道鳞癌恶性生物学行为中具有重要价值 ,是临床治疗和预后估计的有用指标     

涎腺多形性腺瘤260例临床病理分析

①目的　探讨涎腺多形性腺瘤的临床病理改变及其发病与恶变的关系。②方法　对 2 6 0例经病理诊断为涎腺多形性腺瘤及其恶变病人进行回顾性分析 ,按WHO(1991)涎腺肿瘤组织学分类法进行诊断分类 ,观察其发病年龄、发病部位、恶变及复发情况。③结果　 2 6 0例病人中发生于腮腺 177例 ,颌下腺 36例 ,舌下腺 1例 ,小涎腺 46例 ;2 6 0例中 38例发生恶变 ,其中发生于大涎腺者中恶变 2 5例 ,发生于小涎腺者中恶变 13例。发生于小涎腺者恶变率高于大涎腺者 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =8.15 ,P <0 .0 1)。 38例恶变者中包括腺癌 3例、腺样囊性癌 1例、鳞状细胞癌 1例及肌上皮癌 33例。④结论　涎腺多形性腺瘤多发生于腮腺 ,发生于小涎腺者恶变率高 ;多次复发可致恶变 ,首次手术完整切除病变是提高疗效的关键。     

骨肉瘤VEGF和PCNA表达与微血管密度的关系研究

目的　探讨血管新生在骨肉瘤生长、浸润、转移中的作用。方法　通过对 5 2例骨肉瘤组织标本的研究 ,采用抗人血管内皮生长因子VEGF (VascularEndothlialGrowthFactor)单克隆抗体、抗人增殖细胞核抗原PCNA(Pro1iferatingCellNuclearAntigen)单克隆抗体 ,借助免疫组织化学方法 ,对代表血管新生的肿瘤VEGF表达、微血管密度 (MicrovessleDensity)及代表肿瘤细胞增殖的PCNA的表达进行检测。 结果　VEGF表达和MVD与瘤转移密切相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,与肿瘤大小和肿瘤细胞分型无关 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;PCNA表达与骨肉瘤转移有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　骨肉瘤体内血管新生不仅为肿瘤生长提供条件 ,也是其转移的基础。PCNA可作为术后肿瘤转移的预测因子及判断预后的指标     

39例骨肉瘤术后复发分析

目的 :探讨骨肉瘤术后局部复发相关因素。方法 :对 39例术后复发骨肉瘤病例临床资料进行统计分析。结果 :总复发率 19.90 % (39/ 196 ) ,术前、术后化疗者复发率为 10 .4 5 % ,而未化疗者复发率为 31.98% ,两者比较P <0 .0 1。术后复发前 3个月占 4 1.0 2 % ,术后半年内复发者占 6 6 .6 7% ,超过 1年复发者仅 2例。血清碱性磷酸酶升高者复发率明显高于正常者 (P <0 .0 5 )。发生于胫骨者复发率 31.11% ,明显高于股骨下段的13.5 9%。结论 :术前后化疗 ,血清碱性磷酸酶含量以及肿瘤的发生部位 ,与骨肉瘤术后局部复发密切相关 ,复发的时间大多集中于术后半年内 ,超过 1年则较少复发。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.