658例化妆品皮肤不良反应临床分析

目的:明确化妆品引起皮肤各种不良反应的特征和致敏物.方法:对658例化妆品皮肤不良反应患者进行临床分析,并对部分患者进行可疑致病化妆品斑贴或光斑贴试验.结果:患者中女性占86.9％;21～45岁占76.7％.临床表现主要为接触性皮炎597例(90.7％),其他依次为化妆品痤疮15例,化妆品毛发损害5例,化妆品色素异常7例,化妆品甲损害2例,化妆品光感性皮炎5例,另外化妆品激素依赖性皮炎27例.大部分(59.8％)是由护肤类引起,其次为护发美发类(23.3％)、芳香类(7.2％).308例患者做了可疑化妆品原物斑贴试验,有165例阳性,阳性率达53.6％.部分阳性者行标准过敏原斑贴试验,过敏原阳性比例依次为对苯二胺占18.5％、硫酸镍占14.8％、硫柳汞占13.0％、重铬酸钾占11.1％,芳香混合物、甲醛、卡巴混合物各占7.4％等.结论:化妆品不良反应多发于中青年女性;化妆品接触性皮炎是最常见的化妆品皮肤病;护肤类为主要致病化妆品;标准过敏原斑贴试验阳性者依次为对苯二胺、硫酸镍、硫柳汞、重铬酸钾、芳香混合物、甲醛、卡巴混合物等.     

云南地区化妆品不良反应96例临床特征分析

目的 探讨2020年本院96例化妆品皮肤不良反应的临床特点,为科学防治化妆品不良反应及化妆品安全风险监管提供依据和建议。方法 分析2020年本院收集及上报的96例化妆品皮肤不良反应患者的临床资料和斑贴试验等结果。结果 化妆品皮肤不良反应患者共96例,其中女性(97.92%)明显高于男性(2.08%),年龄主要集中于21～49岁(94.79%);不良反应临床诊断为化妆品接触性皮炎占79.17%,其余依次为皮肤色素异常(12.50%)、痤疮(5.21%)及毛发损害(3.13%);仅7例完成化妆品斑贴试验,阳性率71.43%;在110种可疑致病化妆品中,非特殊用途占68.18%,特殊用途占31.82%,无批准文号占41.82%;可疑致病化妆品来源,网购占70.91%,美容美发机构占16.36%,商场占12.73%。结论 化妆品不良反应常发生于中青年女性;接触性皮炎是最常见的化妆品皮肤不良反应;可疑致病特殊用途化妆品中,以祛斑类居多;斑贴试验仅可作为诊断化妆品接触性皮炎的检验方法,诊断化妆品致其他皮肤病的检验方法仍有待完善;应加强科学护肤和安全使用化妆品的宣教;应规范化妆品销售渠道。     

用可疑化妆品对化妆品皮炎作斑贴试验的研究

为了研究用化妆品进行斑贴试验时所需浓度，探讨用患者使用过的可疑化妆品进行斑贴试验在诊断化妆品皮炎中的应用价值，将各种化妆品以不同浓度对３５例健康者，３８例非接触性皮炎湿疹类患者进行斑贴试验。然后用患者各自的可疑致敏化妆品对６２例化妆品皮炎患者进行斑贴试验。结果：初步认为护肤类膏剂、唇膏、护发类发乳、头油、摩丝等类产品可用原物进行斑贴试验，染发剂、清洁类香皂、护发类油用２％，清洁类香波用２％和５％，冷烫精、指甲油、香水用５％或１０％。可疑化妆品斑贴试验的阳性率为９５．１６％。本研究表明：用可疑化妆品作斑贴试验时，不同类型的产品，其斑贴试验浓度并不相同，用患者的可疑化妆品进行斑贴试验是诊断化妆品皮炎的重要手段。这项研究为进一步研究我国化妆品皮炎标准筛选系列抗原提供了必要资料。     

化妆品性皮肤病341例临床分析

为了了解化妆品性皮肤病状况,对341例化妆品性皮肤病进行了临床观察。并对部分患者做了可疑致病化妆品与仿欧标准抗原的斑贴试验。结果,中青年女性患者居多,临床表现主要为接触性皮炎(78.59%),其次是色素沉着(10.26%)、痤疮样损害(9.97%)、光感性皮炎(0.59%)、接触性荨麻疹(0.59%)。可疑致病化妆品种类141种,大部分是一股护肤品(63.83%)。215例做了可疑化妆品斑试,阳性率61.86%,以接触性皮炎型和色素沉着型阳性率较高(63.75%与80.65%)。仿欧标准抗原斑试结果显示化妆品中常见的致敏原是香料和防腐剂。     

108例化妆品皮肤不良反应的临床分析

对108例化妆品皮肤不良反应进行临床分析，并对部分患者做了可疑致病化妆品斑贴试验。结果表明，中轻年女性患者居多；临床表现主要为接触性皮炎（96．3％）；大部分是由一般化妆品引起，其次为祛斑增白类化妆品。14例做了可疑化妆品斑贴试验，有6例阳性。     

生物共振法与斑贴试验筛查化妆品变应性接触性皮炎可疑致病物质的临床对照研究

目的:比较生物共振法和斑贴试验筛查化妆品变应性接触性皮炎可疑致病物质的一致性,探讨应用MORA生物物理治疗仪进行化妆品接触性皮炎的可疑致病物质早期筛查的可行性.方法:按卫生部化妆品接触性皮炎诊断标准,将83例临床可疑为化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者的286个可疑致病物质利用生物共振法进行筛查和斑贴试验.结果:两种检测方法符合率为77.68%,Kappa指数为0.46.结论:生物共振法检测安全、快速、无创,有可能用于化妆品接触性皮炎可疑致病物质的早期筛查.     

面部化妆品接触性皮炎50例致病因素分析

化妆品接触性皮炎是指接触化妆品而引起的刺激性接触性皮炎和变应性接触性皮炎,是化妆品皮肤病的主要类型。这类损伤多发生在面部和颈部,表现为红斑、丘疹、瘙痒、灼热感、刺痛等,以成年女性多见。斑贴试验是诊断化妆品接触性皮炎的重要依据之一。我们对前来就诊的自述或可疑为化妆品过敏     

化妆品引起皮肤不良反应120例临床探讨

目的为了解化妆品引起皮肤各种不良反应状况。方法对门诊128例化妆品不良反应患者进行临床分析,并对患者做了可疑致病化妆品斑贴试验。结果患者中以中青年女性居多,临床表现主要为接触性皮炎(95%),大部分是由一般化妆品引起,其次为祛斑增白,16例患者做了可疑化妆品斑贴试验,有8例阳性。结论及时处理化妆品不良反应,减少并发症。     

230例使用化妆品的接触性皮炎患者接触过敏原分析

目的:分析使用化妆品的接触性皮炎患者的临床特点与接触变应原的分布。方法:应用标准变应原斑贴试剂盒检测230例使用化妆品的接触性皮炎患者的可疑致敏原,并比较是否伴有特应性素质者斑贴试验阳性率有无差异。结果:230例患者中女性占87.83%,21~50岁占76.09%,文员占38.26%,大部分(57.46%)由一般护肤品引起。230例使用化妆品的接触性皮炎患者中斑贴试验呈阳性反应的有173例,阳性率为75.22%,位列前6位的致敏原依次为芳香混合物(25.22%)、硫酸镍(23.04%)、Cl+Me-异噻唑(20.86%)、氯化钴(19.13%)、重铬酸钾(10.43%)、甲醛(8.70%)。伴有特应性素质者55例,斑贴试验阳性率(58.18%)明显低于无特应性素质者(80.57%),差异具有统计学意义(x~2=11.25,P<0.05)。结论:使用化妆品的接触性皮炎患者以中青年女性为主,文员最多见,一般护肤品为主要的可疑致敏化妆品;最常见的致敏原是芳香混合物和防腐剂;伴有特应性素质的患者可能对接触致敏原的反应降低。     

多种斑贴试验在化妆品接触性皮炎诊断中的应用

目的探讨多种斑贴试验在化妆品接触性皮炎诊断中的作用。方法对本院皮肤科门诊的化妆品接触性皮炎患者进行化妆品原物斑贴试验、标准变应原斑贴试验、化妆品成分斑贴试验、化妆品原物稀释斑贴试验及重复性开放性应用试验,汇总数据并进行分析。结果化妆品原物斑贴试验阳性比率为37.35%(31/83),阳性化妆品主要为护肤类化妆品;标准变应原、化妆品成分斑贴试验阳性比率为57.47%(50/87),阳性反应物质主要为Cl+Me-异噻唑(卡松CG)、硫柳汞、硫酸镍、甲醛、氯化钴等;17例化妆品原物斑贴试验阳性患者完成了化妆品原物稀释斑贴试验,阳性比率为35.29%(6/17);31例化妆品原物斑贴试验阳性患者完成了重复性开放性应用试验,阳性比率为25.81%(8/31);8例重复性开放性应用试验阳性患者中6例化妆品浓度稀释试验同时为阳性。结论化妆品原物斑贴试验是诊断化妆品接触性皮炎的有效方法,必要时可联合标准变应原或化妆品成分斑贴试验进一步明确致病成分;原物稀释斑贴试验及重复性开放性应用试验有助于区分化妆品刺激性接触性皮炎与变应性接触性皮炎,后者更适合化妆品接触性皮炎患者自行完成并作出评价。     

Frequency of dermatoses associated with cosmetics

The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the frequency of dermatoses caused by use of cosmetics in patients with specific complaints of reaction to cosmetic products, and (ii) to observe the main skin conditions frequently misunderstood by users as cosmetic reactions. 176 patients seen in a private office from 1999 to 2006, with complaint of dermatoses caused by cosmetics were examined. The clinical history, physical examination, relation between site of reaction and use of cosmetics were assessed. Of the patients examined, 154 (87.5%) were women and 22 (12.5%) men. About 90 (52%) patients had no skin condition related to cosmetics, 80 (45%) had dermatoses associated with cosmetics, and 6 patients (3%) had inconclusive results. Melasma, contact dermatitis to other products, and acne were the conditions that users associated more often to cosmetics. 14% of patients had skin lesions caused by inappropriate cosmetic use. To conclude, the true adverse reaction to cosmetics was not very common. In this study, dermatitis was associated with cosmetics in only 31% of patients with specific complaint of dermatitis caused by cosmetics. Therefore, 52% of patients misdiagnosed the condition and had other dermatoses, and 14% made inappropriate use of cosmetics.     

631例化妆品皮肤病回顾性分析

目的:探讨化妆品皮肤病发生的规律和特点,为监管化妆品皮肤病和开展健康教育活动提供数据支持.方法:收集我院2015年1月至2020年12月化妆品皮肤病患者一般资料、使用化妆品来源、化妆品不良反应等信息,汇总数据并进行统计分析.结果:化妆品皮肤病患者占皮肤科门诊患者总数的0.08％.631份报告中:发病以女性为主,占97....     

The role of contact allergy in the spectrum of adverse effects caused by cosmetics and toiletries

Of 982 female clients of beauticians interviewed, 254 (25.9%) claimed to have experienced adverse reactions to cosmetics and toiletries in the preceding 5 years. Most reactions were caused by skin-care products (36.6%), followed by personal cleanliness products (29.5%), eye cosmetics (24.0%), deodorants and antiperspirants (12.6%), and facial make-up products (8.3%). 150 women were patch tested. In the European standard series, only a few positive reactions were seen to possible cosmetic allergens: fragrance mix (n = 3), wool alcohols (n = 3), formaldehyde (n = 2), balsam of Peru (n = 1), and colophony (n = 1). In the cosmetic series, only Kathon CG elicited positive patch test reactions (n = 3). Cosmetic allergy was considered to be "proven" in 3 patients (2.0%), and "possible" in 7 (4.7%). It is concluded that contact allergy is responsible for a minority (less than 10%) of all reactions to cosmetics and toiletries. The majority of reactions are due to irritation from personal cleanliness products such as soaps, shampoos, bath foams and from deodorants, or worsening of pre-existing dermatoses such as seborrhoeic dermatitis and acne.     

Dermatitis alérgica de contacto por cosméticos

IntroductionContact dermatitis to cosmetics is a common problem in the general population, although its prevalence appears to be underestimated. We reviewed cases of allergic contact dermatitis to cosmetics diagnosed in our dermatology department over a 7-year period with a view to identifying the allergens responsible, the frequency of occurrence of these allergens, and the cosmetic products implicated.MethodsUsing the database of the skin allergy department, we undertook a search of all cases of allergic contact dermatitis to cosmetics diagnosed in our department from January 2000 through October 2007.ResultsIn this period, patch tests were carried out on 2,485 patients, of whom 740 were diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis and the cause was cosmetics in 202 of these patients (170 women and 32 men), who accounted for 27.3 % of all cases. A total of 315 positive results were found for 46 different allergens. Allergens most often responsible for contact dermatitis in a cosmetics user were methylisothiazolinone (19 %), paraphenylenediamine (15.2 %), and fragrance mixtures (7.8 %). Acrylates were the most common allergens in cases of occupational disease. Half of the positive results were obtained with the standard battery of the Spanish Group for Research Into Dermatitis and Skin Allergies (GEIDAC). The cosmetic products most often implicated among cosmetics users were hair dyes (18.5 %), gels/soaps (15.7 %), and moisturizers (12.7 %).ConclusionMost patients affected were women. Preservatives, paraphenylenediamine, and fragrances were the most frequently detected cosmetic allergens, in line with previous reports in the literature. Finally, in order to detect new cosmetic allergens, cooperation between physicians and cosmetics producers is needed.     

Adverse reactions to cosmetics

Adverse reaction to cosmetics constitute a small but significant number of cases of contact dermatitis with varied appearances. These can present as contact allergic dermatitis, photodermatitis, contact irritant dermatitis, contact urticaria, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation or depigmentation, hair and nail breakage. Fifty patients were included for the study to assess the role of commonly used cosmetics in causing adverse reactions. It was found that hair dyes, lipsticks and surprisingly shaving creams caused more reaction as compared to other cosmetics. Overall incidence of contact allergic dermatitis seen was 3.3% with patients own cosmetics. Patch testing was also done with the basic ingredients and showed positive results in few cases where casual link could be established. It is recommended that labeling of the cosmetics should be done to help the dermatologists and the patients to identify the causative allergen in cosmetic preparation.     

甲基异噻唑啉酮在健康人群和化妆品接触性皮炎患者中引起皮肤反应的限量研究

目的 甲基异噻唑啉酮(MI)是一类常见的容易引发接触性皮炎的化妆品防腐剂.本研究旨在探讨MI在中国健康人群和化妆品接触性皮炎患者中引起皮肤不良反应的限量阈值.方法 通过梯度稀释不同浓度的MI,在124例健康人群和98例化妆品接触性皮炎患者背部进行人体皮肤斑贴试验.结果 0.2％、0.02％和0.01％MI在健康志愿者中...     

2007年广州监测点化妆品皮肤病发病情况分析

目的：探讨广州地区2007年化妆品皮肤病发病的流行病学特点。方法：采用回顾性分析方法,对到广州卫生部化妆品皮肤病诊断机构就诊的200例患者的资料进行分析。结果：发病以女性为主,20～39岁年龄段高发,占83%;职业以公司职员、自由职业及学生为主,占64.5%。临床表现主要为化妆品接触性皮炎（占89.50%）。共涉及化妆品355个品种,其中普通化妆品311种,以乳液水剂面霜护肤类为主,占87.6%,特殊化妆品44种,占12.4%,祛痘类产品的投诉突出,且引起的不良反应较为严重。结论：2007年广州地区化妆品皮肤病发病以接触性皮炎为主,主要涉及女性公司职员及学生,主要致病化妆品为普通护肤类产品,其中以祛痘类化妆品最为严重。     

化妆品变应性接触性皮炎变应原检测分析

目的 调查化妆品变应原种类,为化妆品过敏提供流行病学资料和临床依据.方法 对89例门诊疑诊化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者采用49种欧洲化妆品系列变应原及5种中国筛查系列化妆品变应原进行斑贴试验,按国际接触性皮炎研究组推荐标准判读结果.结果 89例患者中,61例对1种或1种以上化妆品变应原过敏,阳性反应率68.5%.其中阳性率较高的有香料33.7%,防腐剂30.3%,对苯二胺25.8%,阿莫醇10.1%.结论 香料、防腐剂、对苯二胺、阿莫醇等是化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者的主要致敏原.

Abstract：

Objective To make a survey on common cosmetic allergens, and to provide epidemiological data and clinical evidence for cosmetic allergy. Methods Patch test was performed by using 49cosmetic allergens from a European cosmetic series and 5 Chinese standard screening allergens on 89patients with suspected cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis. Test results were determined according to the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) recommendation. Results Of the 89 patients, 61(68.5%) showed positive reactions to one or more cosmetic allergens. The most common allergens were fragrances (33.7%), followed by preservatives (30.3%), para-phenylenediamine (25.8%) and amerchol L 101(10.1%). Conclusion Fragrances, preservatives, para-phenylenediamine and amerchol L 101 are dominant causative allergens in patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis.     

51例面部化妆品接触性皮炎的斑贴试验和光斑贴试验结果分析

目的:检测分析面部化妆品接触性皮炎患者常见致敏原。方法:回顾性分析我院面部化妆品接触性皮炎患者的临床资料、斑贴试验和光斑贴试验资料。结果:51例患者进行了斑贴试验,总体阳性率为96%。阳性率高的过敏源依次为：硫酸镍(47.1%)、氯化钴(35.3%)、甲基异噻唑啉酮(27.5%)、纺织染料混合物(19.6%)、没食子酸辛酯(19.6%)、松香(13.7%)、对苯二胺(13.7%)、硫柳汞(13.7%)、叔丁基氢醌(13.7%)、棓酸十二烷酯(13.7%)。46例患者完成光敏实验和光斑贴检查,14例存在光敏感(30.43%);其中UVA敏感7例(15.22%),UVB敏感8例(17.39%)。光斑贴阳性率19.6%,常见致敏原依次为：依托酚那酯(6.5%)、癸基葡糖苷(6.5%)、甲酚曲唑三硅氧烷(4.3%)。结论:防腐剂、香料、重金属、乳化剂、抗氧化剂、表面活化剂等原料均可能引起面部接触致敏。面部化妆品皮炎患者还可能存在光敏反应和光变态反应。全面的斑贴试验有助于更好的帮助患者查找致敏原。