Serum amylase and its isoenzymes in normal weight bulimia

Bulimia is a relatively common eating disorder with many serious medical complications. In 11 normal weight patients with bulimia, serum amylase isoenzymes were elevated above control values. Both P (pancreatic origin) and S (salivary gland origin) isoenzymes were elevated to approximately equal degrees. These elevations correlated with the time elapsed since the previous meal but did not correlate with any measures of severity of bulimic behavior or clinical estimations of parotid gland enlargement. Saliva amylase was not different from controls. When serum from these patients was sent to the routine clinical chemistry laboratory, total amylase values were reported to be elevated in two patients and near the top of the normal range in an additional patient. Bulimic behavior must be added to the list of conditions that are associated with mild elevations in serum amylase. Serum amylase determination may be useful to clinicians in confirming the diagnosis of bulimia.     

In vivo alterations in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and LDH isoenzymes patterns by acute carbofuran intoxication

Intoxication with an acute dose of carbofuran (1.5 mg/kg, sc) in male Sprague-Dawley rats evoked severe toxic manifestations characteristic of hypercholinergic preponderance with profound muscle fasciculations and convulsions during 30–60 min, lasting for about 2 h. Lactate dehydrogenase, a biomarker cytoplasmic enzyme catalyzing the reversible reaction of lactate-pyruvate, was represented by five electrophoretically distinct isoenzymes in the serum and tissues. The amounts of each isoenzyme in different tissues were widely varied and consequently the patterns were tissue specific. A 24-h time-course following carbofuran administration indicated a two-fold increase in the activity of total LDH in serum and more than 30% in hemidiaphragm and liver. The patterns of LDH isoenzymes in serum revealed a significant (P < 0.01) increase in all the isoenzymes except LDH-4 (64% decrease). Analysis of each tissue revealed characteristic changes in LDH isoenzyme patterns indicating organ-specific tissue damage. These alerations in LDH and its isoenzymes, in addition to acetylcholinesterase inhibition, may be directly or indirectly related to the mechanism(s) of the toxic action, and also provide insight into the site/organ(s) of toxic injury, thus providing an early prognostic indicator.Presented in part at the 74th Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, April 1–5, 1990 Washington, DC     

牛带绦虫乳酸脱氢酶基因原核表达及免疫学特征

目的 克隆牛带绦虫乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)基因在大肠杆菌中表达,研究其免疫学特征。方法 将牛带绦虫成虫LDH基因与质粒pET-28a(+)连接构建原核重组质粒,在大肠埃希菌BL21/DE3中用异丙硫代-β-D半乳糖苷诱导表达,表达产物通过十二烷基-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和蛋白印迹(Westernblotting)进行分析。结果 牛带绦虫乳酸脱氢酶基因编码332个氨基酸,理论分子量为35.4kDa,PCR、双酶切及DNA测序的结果均证明pET-28a(+)-LDH构建成功;SDS-PAGE结果表明,牛带LDH基因在大肠埃希菌高效表达,经过亲和层析高纯度蛋白,且该重组蛋白可以被亚洲带绦虫、牛带绦虫及猪带绦虫感染病人血清识别,表明其具有免疫反应性。结论 牛带绦虫LDH基因可在原核系统中有免疫活性的高效表达。     

Seric soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Tunisia. Prospective study about 45 cases

BACKGROUND: Soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (slL-2Ralpha) is a well-known indicator of T-cell activation noted to be increasing in nasopharyngeal cancer. The aims of this study were to evaluate the importance of the use of this marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: Our prospective study interested 45 patients (35M/10F) with a mean age of 49 years (15 to 78), presenting a nasopharyngeal carcinoma histologically confirmed and 61 healthy controls. A blood sample was collected from each patient before any treatment, as well as controls to measure sIL-2Ralpha by immunoenzymatic assay. According to the disease status after a period of follow-up ranging from three to 22 months (median 12 months), patients were divided into two groups: The remission group (n=28) represented those with favourable evolution and a second group of 15 patients with unfavourable evolution (2 death, 4 cases of persistent primary disease and 9 patients with distance metastasis). 2 patients were lost to follow-up. RESULTS: serum sIL-2Ralpha levels were significantly higher in patients vs healthy controls (p < 0.0001). The serum levels correlated with the stage T of NPC (p = 0.01). Patients having a favourable evolution have lower sIL-2Ralpha levels before treatment vs those with unfavourable evolution without statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Measurement of serum sIL-2Ralpha provides a good estimation of the nasopharyngeal tumor burden. The usefulness of this marker as a parameter to predict prognosis in NPC should be examined further.     

Cathepsin D在鼻咽癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D）在鼻咽癌（nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC）中的表达及其临床病理意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测28例正常鼻咽黏膜上皮组织（normal nasopharyngal epithelial tissue,NNET）及72例NPC组织中cathepsin D蛋白的表达情况.结果 Cathepsin D在NPC中的表达较NNET明显下调（x2=13.55,P＜0.01）;Cathepsin D表达与NPC分化程度有关（P＜0.01）,在原发NPC中,与高分化（WHO type Ⅰ）和中度分化（WHO type Ⅱ）NPC相比,cathepsin D蛋白在低未分化（WHO type Ⅲ）NPC中.的表达明显下调（x2=41.47,P＜0.01）;Cathepsin D的表达水平与NPC临床分期、复发、局部淋巴结和远处转移有关（x2=13.43,22.86,21.61,14.32,P＜0.01）,cathepsin D高表达的肿瘤较低表达的肿瘤有更晚的临床分期、更容易复发、更容易发生局部淋巴结和远处转移（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.结论 Cathepsin D的表达水平与NPC的分化、临床分期、病理分级、复发及转移有关,有望成为NPC分化的分子标志物及潜在的治疗靶标.     

血清腺苷脱氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶水平对艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病预后的判断

目的寻找评价艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病预后的生化检查标志物。方法选取某院2016年1月—2017年12月符合研究标准的艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病患者,根据预后分为死亡组及存活组,采用单因素和多因素分析方法对两组患者入院时白细胞计数、血小板计数、血红蛋白、腺苷脱氨酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、乳酸脱氢酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素、CD4~+T细胞计数等实验室生化检查指标进行统计学分析。结果共纳入艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病患者140例,其中死亡组32例,存活组108例。单因素统计分析结果显示,白细胞计数、血小板计数、腺苷脱氨酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、乳酸脱氢酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素死亡组患者与存活组患者比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。多因素logistic回归结果分析显示,腺苷脱氨酶[OR及95%CI为0.056(0.013～0.252)]、乳酸脱氢酶[OR及95%CI为0.135(0.032～0.566)]对艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病的结局影响有统计学意义。结论血清腺苷脱氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶水平是评价艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌病预后的重要指标,二者升高提示预后不良。     

曲古抑菌素A对鼻咽癌CNE3细胞增殖抑制作用

目的 探讨曲古抑菌素A(TSA)对鼻咽癌CNE3细胞周期阻滞与凋亡影响及作用机制。方法 以不同浓度TSA作用鼻咽癌CNE3细胞株,采用甲基噻唑基四唑(MTT)法检测细胞生长抑制率;流式细胞术测定TSA作用前后鼻咽癌细胞调亡情况及细胞周期变化;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析鼻咽癌细胞中细胞周期素依赖性蛋白激酶相互作用蛋白1(p21)mRNA表达的变化。结果 100～500 nmol/L TSA对CNE3细胞生长有明显抑制作用,呈剂量依赖性,抑制率为17.74%～44.33%;400,500 nmol/L TSA可在DNA合成期(S)、DNA合成后期/有丝分裂期(G₂/M)诱导CNE3细胞周期阻滞,并诱导细胞凋亡,24 h凋亡率为(14.67±0.21)%,(18.73±1.80)%,48 h凋亡率分别为(16.3±0.96)%,(39.17±1.27)%,与对照组(9.16±1.05)%比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);TSA可诱导CNE3细胞内p21基因表达。结论 TSA可明显抑制CNE3细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,其作用机制与p21基因异常表达有关。     

The effect of copper on lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes in human endometrium

The effect of metallic copper on lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) iscenzymes in human endometrium in organ culture has been studied biochemically and histochemically. Similar studies have been performed on endometrium from copper IUD wearers. In organ culture the presence of copper resulted in marked inhibition of LDH isoenzymes containing the M subunit. Histochemical study showed this inhibition to affect the LDH activity of the stromal cells of the tissue to a greater degree than the epithelial cells or vascular endothelium. In copper IUD wearers a similar inhibition of enzyme activity was observed in the superficial portion of the endometrium.     

Salted fish and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Malaysia

The evidence for a hypothesis that eating salted fish is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is reviewed. The hypothesis was tested among Malaysian Chinese using a matched case-control design. The kinds of salted fish and patterns of use were also investigated in a control group comprising 100 Chinese, 50 Malay and 50 Indian households. During 1980, in Selangor, Malaysia, interviews with 100 Chinese cases of NPC and 100 non-disease controls indicated that salted fish consumption during childhood was a significant risk (relative risk = 3.0, P = 0.04), with an elevated risk for daily as opposed to less frequent consumption. Salted fish consumption during adolescence was a less significant risk, and current consumption not at all. There were 19 kinds of fishes reported as being eaten as salted fish by the 200 control households. There were marked differences between ethnic groups in preference for different kinds: Chinese preferred red snapper (74% of households), Malay jewfish (54%) and Indian red snapper (28%). Salted fish was hardly ever eaten daily by any household; weekly was a moderate frequency in all ethnic groups; less than weekly most common. There were no statistically significant differences between Chinese NPC case and non-disease control participants in kind of salted fish eaten. Results were the same when the data were analyzed by sex, subethnic group and income.     

Human erythrocyte lactate dehydrogenase activity changes in the presence of some alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH; E.C. 1.1.1.1) inhibitors and substrates: cimetidine, 4-methylpyrazole (4MP), EDTA, ethanol and methanol on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; E.C. 1.1.1.27) activity. The activity of LDH was spectrophotometrically determined in in-vitro prepared diluted hemolysates obtained from human erythrocytes with mentioned compounds at the concentrations 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 mM of cimetidine, EDTA, 4MP and 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 mM of ethanol and methanol. The reaction was conducted at 37 degrees C in pH 7.5 and changes of optical density was measured at lambda = 340nm. LDH activity was significantly inhibited by 0.10 mM (p < 0.05) and 1.0 mM (p < 0.01) of cimetidine and EDTA. There were no observed any significant changes vs. control in LDH activity when 4MP, ethanol or methanol was added to environment of reaction.