Some clinical and epidemiological problems of venom poisoning today

Poisonings caused by bites and stings of venomous animals have not lost their importance from most ancient times until today. Rather, one could say that they in some respects have become even more important due to some moments as: the interesting results of biochemical, pharmacological and immunological researches of their venoms, so as possibilities of their use in treatment and in preparation of drugs; the importation of venomous animals in loads of goods from countries with warm climate into countries where they normally would not be found; the increasing number of fanciers who keep in their terraria often very dangerous animals; the interest of most armies of the world for venomous animals and poisonings due to them. However, the author stressed the increasing importance of venomous stings and bites from the point of view of modern tourism. The epidemiological and clinical features of poisoning by some animals in tourists are described: so for instance the consequences of bites and stings of spiders, gad flies, scolopendras, scorpions, coelenterates and fishes.     

耳鼻喉门诊患者心理问题及护理对策

目的探讨耳鼻喉门诊患者有效的心理护理方法。方法总结我院近年来在门诊对患者实施有效心理护理的经验,通过加强护士自身素质修养,运用掌握的心理护理知识,针对不同类型疾病患者的心理进行有效护理,一切以患者为中心,提高心理护理质量,特别是建立好患者不良心理和负性情绪宣泄途径,比较护理干预前后患者对所患疾病的接受情况和对护理满意度。结果干预后患者对所患疾病的接受率明显高于干预前（P〈0．05）,干预后患者对护理满意度明显高于干预前（P〈0．05）。结论有效地把握耳鼻喉门诊患者的心理特点,有针对性的进行护理干预,可以更好的使患者接受自身疾病,提高治疗信心。