胰岛素泵强化治疗对新诊断2型糖尿病患者血糖、血清C肽功能的影响

目的：了解胰岛素泵（SCII）强化治疗对2型糖尿病患者血糖、血清C肽功能的影响。方法：对新诊断40例2型糖尿病（T2DM）FBG〉11mmol／L患者，进行为期两周的胰岛素泵强化治疗，观察其血糖（FBG、2hBG）。糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、及血清C肽浓度的变化，结果：胰岛素泵强化治疗后，FBG、2hBG较治疗前显著下降（P〈0．01），HbAlc较治疗前明显下降（P〈0．05），血清C肽浓度较治疗前明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论：胰岛素泵对2型糖尿病患者进行强化治疗可以改善患者胰岛素C肽功能，控制血糖效果显著，是治疗糖尿病较有效的方法之一。     

胰岛素泵治疗初诊2型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察初诊2型糖尿病用胰岛素泵强化治疗后胰岛β细胞分泌功能,及胰岛素抵抗的变化。方法:选取初诊2型糖尿病患者36例,均未接受胰岛素及口服药治疗。分别在用胰岛素泵前后做胰岛功能测定,取得空腹及餐后30 min、120 min的血糖、胰岛素、C肽值。使用EXCEX实用临床统计程序4统计。并计算出ΔI30/ΔG30与Homa-IR。结果:治疗后30 min、120 min胰岛素、C肽值均增高,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。胰岛素分泌指数由治疗前3.4±0.9上升至5.3±2.1,胰岛素抵抗指数由6.5±2.6降低至4.8±1.4。结论:初诊2型糖尿病用胰岛素泵强化治疗后,胰岛功能有所恢复,胰岛素抵抗下降。短期胰岛素泵治疗,耗费低,患者收益颇大,对延缓并发症的出现亦有一定意义。     

初诊2型糖尿病强化治疗后胰岛β细胞功能变化

目的:观察初诊2型糖尿病胰岛素泵(CSII)强化治疗后胰岛素β细胞功能变化。方法:检测32例初诊2型糖尿病病人早期胰岛素泵强化治疗前、治疗结束第3天及第3m、6m的身高、体重、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HBA1C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)及C肽水平,比较治疗前及随访各时段体重指数(BMI)、FPG、HBA1C、FINS及C肽水平变化。结论:体重是影响胰岛素强化治疗后血糖维持良好控制目标的重要因素。同时胰岛素β细胞功能呈先降后升波动性变化,似为糖毒性消除后胰岛素β细胞改善的一个自然变化过程。     

初诊肥胖型与非肥胖型2型糖尿病短期胰岛素泵强化治疗效果比较

目的:比较初诊肥胖型与非肥胖型2型糖尿病短期胰岛素泵强化治疗效果。方法:120例初诊2型糖尿病患者中肥胖型61例,非肥胖型59例,均进行2周的胰岛素泵强化治疗,分别检测入院时空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、空腹C肽、餐后2小时C肽和HbA1c,记录血糖达标时间及达标时胰岛素用量,计算腰臀比(WHR)和胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),进行两组对比分析。结果:肥胖型2型糖尿病组较非肥胖型2型糖尿病组WHR与BMI显著升高(P<0.05),但ISI显著降低(P<0.01),肥胖型2型糖尿病组经短期胰岛素泵强化治疗达标时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论:初诊断肥胖型2型糖尿病患者存在更为严重的胰岛素抵抗,但胰岛素分泌及储备功能较好,经短期胰岛素泵强化治疗后,较非肥胖型2型糖尿病能在较短时间内将血糖控制在理想的范围。     

初诊2型糖尿病短期胰岛素治疗前后C肽水平的变化

目的通过观察初诊2型糖尿病患者短期胰岛素治疗前后C肽水平的变化,了解短期胰岛素治疗能否改善胰岛β细胞功能。方法对146例初诊断2型糖尿病患者(空腹血糖≥12mmol/L,未接受过其他治疗的患者)进行1～3月的短期胰岛素治疗,使血糖在短期内得到较好的控制,比较治疗前后标准馒头餐C肽释放试验的C肽水平变化。结果经过短期胰岛素治疗,所有病例血糖得到了良好控制,3个月后复查C肽释放试验,空腹及餐后30min、60min、120min和180min的C肽水平较治疗前均明显升高(P<0.001),恢复到了2型糖尿病自然病程中较为早期的水平。结论初诊2型糖尿病短期胰岛素治疗,可以使血糖在短期内达到良好控制,C肽水平明显提高,胰岛β细胞分泌功能明显得到改善。     

短期胰岛素泵强化治疗初诊2型糖尿病的临床观察

目的：观察短期胰岛素泵强化治疗对初诊的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血糖的控制、β细胞功能改善情况,探讨影响治疗成功的相关因素。方法：对54例初诊的T2DM患者进行为期2周的胰岛素泵强化治疗。分析比较治疗前、后空腹及餐后2h血糖、C肽的变化;根据停用胰岛素泵1周后（仅采用饮食运动控制）血糖变化情况分为治疗成功组和失败组,并对相关因素进行比较分析。结果：2周的胰岛素泵治疗可使所有患者的血糖有效、稳定下降,治疗后C肽明显提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;21例患者在停用胰岛素泵治疗后采用饮食控制及运动锻炼血糖保持正常。成功组与失败组相比年龄较轻,强化治疗结束时胰岛素用量小,C肽提高明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：对初诊2型糖尿病患者,短期胰岛素泵强化治疗可快速、稳定的控制血糖,改善β细胞功能;年轻、强化治疗结束时胰岛素用量少、β细胞功能恢复良好的患者将来仅通过饮食运动疗法获得良好的血糖控制的可能性大。     

胰岛素泵治疗对初诊2型糖尿病的临床观察

目的 探讨胰岛素泵治疗对初诊2型糖尿病患者血糖控制及改善胰岛β细胞功能的影响.方法 对45例初诊2型糖尿病患者进行两周胰岛素泵治疗,观察治疗前后血糖及胰岛β细胞功能,随访3个月并统计分析.结果 治疗后,血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数较治疗前明显下降,胰岛β细胞功能明显改善.结论 对初诊2型糖尿病患者,胰岛素泵治疗具有快速稳定降糖和显著改善胰岛β细胞功能的作用.     

胰岛素泵和常规胰岛素治疗初诊2型糖尿病对比研究

目的:观察胰岛素泵治疗与常规胰岛素治疗对初诊2型糖尿病患者的疗效.方法:80例初诊2型糖尿病患者随机分为2组,分别应用胰岛素泵治疗(CSⅡ组)和常规胰岛素治疗(MSⅡ组),分别检测两组患者治疗后的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐前血糖(PBG)、胰岛素、C肽水平和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c).结果:CSⅡ组患者治疗后的FBG、PBG和HbA1c明显低于MSⅡ组(P＜0.05),CSⅡ患者治疗后的血胰岛素和C肽水平明显高于MSⅡ组(P＜0.01).结论:胰岛素泵治疗初诊2型糖尿病效果较好.     

甘精胰岛素联合门冬胰岛素强化治疗初诊2型糖尿病疗效观察

目的:探讨甘精胰岛素(来得时)联合门冬胰岛素(诺和锐R)对初诊的2型糖尿病患者强化治疗与应用胰岛素泵强化治疗是否同样可以达到改善胰岛β细胞的功能.方法:将初诊2型糖尿病患者56例随机分治疗组(A组)与对照组(B组),治疗组为甘精胰岛素联合门冬胰岛素,即睡前皮下注射甘精胰岛素,三餐前皮下注射门冬胰岛素,对照组为应用胰岛素泵持续皮下注射门冬胰岛素.结果:两组治疗均能有效控制血糖,使空腹血糖,餐后2小时血糖尽快达标,同样达到可保护胰岛β细胞功能.结论:甘精胰岛素联合门冬胰岛素与应用胰岛素泵注射门冬胰岛素治疗初诊的2型糖尿病均能迅速、有效、安全、平稳地控制血糖,明显改善胰岛β细胞功能,同样达到强化治疗的目的,是基层医院针对农村初诊的2型糖尿病患者的强化治疗方案.     

胰岛素强化治疗对初诊断2型糖尿病患者胰岛功能的影响

目的 观察短期胰岛素强化治疗对初诊断2型糖尿病患者胰岛α细胞及β细胞功能的影响.方法 选取初诊2型糖尿病患者28例,给予餐时胰岛素加基础胰岛素强化治疗(三餐前速效人胰岛素类似物+甘精胰岛素)10 d,治疗前后均行标准馒头餐试验,治疗前后均检测空腹、餐后30 min及餐后120 min的静脉血糖、C-肽及胰高血糖素.结果 与强化治疗前相比,治疗后患者各时点静脉血糖明显下降,C-肽曲线下面积增加,胰高血糖素曲线面积下降,各时点C-肽/胰高血糖素比升高(P<0.05).强化治疗后HOMA-IR指数降低(P<0.05).结论 胰岛素短期强化治疗可改善初诊2型糖尿病患者的β细胞及α细胞功能.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.