北京市农村居民医疗费用研究

了解北京市农村居民医疗费用情况。方法：分4个季度调查农村居民医疗卫生服务需要及利用情况，同时调查三级医疗机构门诊及住院病人的医疗功用。结果：农村居民年人均医疗费用80．95元，其中老年人为166．01元，居民年人均医疗费用最高的疾病为感冒及心脑血管病。结论：建议加强农村老年保健工作，发展和完善农村合作医疗制度。     

儿童血压的追踪研究

为了解儿童血压随年龄而变化的规律,进而探讨用儿童血压水平预示未来成人血压水平的可能性,我们对1981年初查的2946名4～14岁农村儿问题时进行了4年和6年的追踪观察。结果表明:在校正年龄和体重的混杂作用后,仍显示儿童血压均值随年龄而上升。同时,儿童血压存在着轨迹现象,说明儿童血压水平对成人血压有一定的预示价值。     

北京乐山香港地区和日本儿童龋齿流行病学研究

调查了北京、四川乐山和香港３、６，１２和１５岁男女儿童的龋病流行情况，每组约６０人。将所得结果与日本国相同年龄组比较。结果表明，中国儿童乳牙患龋率高，城市高于农村，恒牙患龋率相对较低，乳牙和恒牙龋齿的治疗率均较低；香港儿童乳牙患龋率低于北京和乐山；日本儿童患龋率及治疗率均最高。     

专科护理学生专业思想现状调查分析

目的 了解专科护理学生专业思想现状,为开展针对性的教育提供依据.方法 采用<护理专科生专业思想状况调查表>对本校大一及大二的护生进行问卷调查,内容涵盖个人基本信息、专业认识、专业情感、专业意志、专业期望等几个方面.结果 随着年龄的增长,护生对其职业的看法发生了很明显的变化(χ2=11.95,P0.05).结论 专科护理学生的专业思想存在不稳定状况,应根据其特点采用相应的措施.     

实习护生临床压力原因分析

目的 对实习初期护生临床压力原因进行分析.方法 以自制调查表的形式调查引起护生实习初期临床压力的原因.结果 师生关系、理论与实践的矛盾、学生自我准备、临床环境、科室氛围被护生认为是引起临床压力的重要因素.结论 初进临床实习的护生普遍存在着临床压力,护理教育和管理工作者应给予高度重视.     

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON MENTAL RETARDATION AMONG CHILDREN IN CHANG-QIAO AREA OF BEIJING

We conducted an epidemiological survey on mental retardation (MR) among children below 14 years of age in Chang-qiao area, Beijing city. MR was defined in this study as subaverage intelligence with concurrent deficits in adaptive functioning. A multidisciplinary team was organized and trained. Data about the children and their families were collected in detail. MR cases were discovered through medical information, family interview and inquiring into clues, and by the developmental test- ing. A matched-control study (case: contr01=1:4) was also conducted. The investigation rate was 93.1To. Among the 7,150 examinees, 56 cases of MR were identified, a prevalence of 0.8%. By the severity of MR 35 cases (62.5%) were mild, 16 (28.6To) mo- derate and 5 (8.9%) severe. The etiological analysis showed biomedical factors in 34 cases (60.7%), of which 7 (12.5%) had hereditary diseases and 25 had brain damage due to various environmental factors (44.6%). In the 22 cases without abnormal clinical findings, psychosociocultural factors were found obviously in 11 (20.4%). 22 0f the 35 mild cases of MR were presented without biomedical abnormali ties, whereas all the moderate and severe cases were biomedically abnormal. The matched-control study showed that 17 factors were statisticaUy different be- tween propositae and controls, in which 12 were prenatal or perinatal in character, and 5 were post- natal factors. The results of this study pointed to the importance of early prevention and early manage- ment of MR. An outline for approaches to preven tion of MR was suggested.     

TRENDS IN INCIDENCE, FATALITY AND MORTALITY OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN BEIJING A STUDY ON HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

A study was made of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted to a colla- borative group of 16 t0 21 hospitals in Beijing, including Fuwai Hospital, in an 8 t0 9 year pe- riod since 1972. The total number of admissions per year in 16 hospitals showed a steady in- crease, being 604 in 1972 and about doubled by 1979, with no significant change in age-composi- tioru The hospital fatality rate declined from nearly 25% in 1972-1973 to around 12% in 1977- 19d9. The fatality rate was higher in the>60 age-groups as compiared with the younger pa- tients. About one third of the patients were hos- pitalized within 4 hours and 70-75% within 24 hours after onset. No significant difference was found in the fata.lity of pat.ients admitted at dif- ferent times aft.er onset. About 20-30% of hospital dea.ths o.ccurred in the first 24 hours of illness. The major causes of death, according to data from Fuwai Hos- pital, were pump failure (28.8% manifested as shock in 24.5%), cardiac rupture (35.1%) and ven- tricular fibrillation (19.1%). Primary ventricular fibrillation became a less import.a.nt cause of death in later years.     

青少年单音、图像、汉字结构的事件相关电位

目的：了解不同类型刺激对健康青少年事件相关电位的影响。方法：对60名健康青少年志愿者做单音、图像及汉字结构识别视觉刺激（靶刺激为有“氵”结构的汉字）的事件相关电位研究。结果：（1）单音刺激，P3潜伏期无性别差异（P＞0．05）；图像刺激，女性的P3潜伏期较男性短（P＜0．05）；汉字结构刺激，女性的P3潜伏期（Fz，Cz，Pz）较男性短（P＜0．05）；三种刺激的RT无性别差异（P＞0.05）；（2）汉字结构刺激与图像刺激比较：汉字结构刺激的N2潜伏期及RT均长于图像刺激（P＜0.05）。男性；两种刺激的P3潜伏期无显著差异（P＞0．05）；女性：汉字结构的P3潜伏期（C3，C4，Cz，Pz）长于图像刺激（P＜0．05）。结论：P3的性别差异随刺激不同而变化。汉字结构识别刺激的认知过程要比图像刺激耗时长。     

青少年前牙开的髁突形态特点

目的探讨青少年前牙开[牙合]病人的髁突形态特点,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法选择2011-2013年到我科就诊的20例青少年前牙开病人作为试验组,以20例青少年正常[牙合]者作为对照组。两组第二恒磨牙均萌出,均拍摄全颌曲面断层片,利用硫酸纸描记测量,比较髁突形态特点。结果两组髁突上部高度（UH）、升支高度（RH）比较差异有统计学意义（F=10.206、6.356,P〈0.05）,而髁突高度（H）、髁突颈部宽度（W）比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组UH/RH比较差异有统计学意义（F=16.967,P〈0.05）,而H/W比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论青少年前牙开[牙合]病人与正常[牙合]者UH与RH存在明显差异。     

临沂医专学生视力动态分析

本文报导１９９０￣１９９４新生入校视力低下率呈逐年上升趋势，视力低下以１９￣２０岁年龄组比重大，性别间无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），毕业时视力低下率上升１０．１个百分点。     

受体动力学分析在药理教学实验中的应用

设计药理实验中,选择适宜的受体标本,采用蓄积剂量法递增药物浓度,可获得量—效曲线。以Logit转化或Scott比值法将曲线直线化,用直线方程求算Emax,KD,pD_2,D_(50),pA_2,pD_2~′受体动力学参数,进行受体动力学分析。     

济南市男性中小学青少年手腕骨及青春期发育的调查

本文报告了对济南市1982年8个中小学314名男性青少年进行的手腕骨及青春期发育的调查。发现该市青少年骨龄大于中国人同年龄骨龄。形态指标如身高、体重、胸围等,机能指标如脉博、血压、肺活量等均符合青少年发育规律。性征指标:睾丸的纵横径随年龄增长而增大,9岁开始增加较快;阴茎的长度从11岁开始增长较快,宽度从12岁开始增长较快。首次遗精从14岁开始占40％,到17岁达92.59％。在睾丸纵径达到4.6厘米时,性征出现率达百分之百。     

乌鲁木齐市汉族学生生长发育变化趋势的调查

目的了解乌鲁木齐市７～１７岁汉族学生３８年来机体生长发育状况及变化趋势。②方法采取随机抽样的方法，于１９５７～１９９５年对乌鲁木齐市７～１７岁汉族学生身体生长发育进行９次调查分析。③结果３８年来乌鲁木齐市汉族男、女学生身高、体重均有较大幅度的增长。汉族男生身高平均每１０年增长２．９５ｃｍ，体重增长１．９１ｋｇ，胸围增长为１．３４ｃｍ，并且身高、体重的增长均高于全国平均水平；汉族女学生平均身高、体重、胸围每１０年分别增长２．１８ｃｍ，０．８４ｋｇ，０．５０ｃｍ．④结论乌鲁木齐市汉族学生的生长发育呈现明显加速趋势     

输尿管的调查研究

用经过福尔马林固定的成人尸体30具,其中男19具,女11具。对输尿管的长度、分段长,狭窄与最大宽的直径进行了调查。输尿管平均长左侧为27.8厘米,右侧为27.46厘米。腹段平均长左侧为15.65厘米,右侧为15.87厘米;盆段左侧10.37厘米,右侧10.67厘米;壁内段左侧1.29厘米,右侧1.30厘米。输尿管狭窄每侧有3到4个。最大宽每侧有2到3个,对其内、外径均有测值。     

角朊细胞免疫生物学研究

观察了人角朊细胞株Ｃｏｌｏ－１６细胞的免疫生物学特点。通过流式细胞术和细胞因子 生物活性检测方法，研究了角朊细胞人白细胞抗原－ＤＲ（ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ）的表达和肿瘤坏死历子α（ＴＮＦ－α）、白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）的产生。     

A MYCOLOGICAL STUDY OF A CASE OF OTOMYCOSIS

Since Schwartze(I) first reported a case of otitis externa as being caused by aspergillus, various kinds of fungus have been found to cause aural disease. Sporothrix was isolated from the external ear by Bahre and Hansen(2) and streptothrix by Martin (3) Cann and Hollis (4) demonstrated the presence of actinomyces in a case of external otitis and Chisolm (5) and Gill (6) found several strains of mucor, aspergillus and penicillium in a series of cases of ear infections. According t。 Hatch(7) and Fort (8) otomycosis is rather common in the tropics, espe- cially in India and southern Florida. On the European continent, re- ports of the disease are infrequently seen, and in China there has not been a single case reported.