5-氟脲嘧啶与黄芪联合应用对胃癌组织氨基酸代谢影响的实验研究

目的:研究5-氟脲嘧啶与中药黄芪联合应用对3-甲基胆蒽诱发小鼠胃癌氨基酸代谢的影响规律。方法:建立3-甲基胆蒽(MC)诱发小鼠胃癌模型,分别设立5-氟脲嘧啶治疗组(A组)、5-氟脲嘧啶 黄芪组(B组)、5-氟脲嘧啶 黄芪高剂量组(C组)、胃癌对照组(D组)、假手术组(Y组)、正常组(N组),对各组标本进行病理检测,并测定胃癌标本游离氨基酸含量。结果:(1)3-甲基胆蒽诱发小鼠胃癌3个月时发病率为48.68%。(2)假手术组胃组织游离氨基酸中缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、胱氨酸含量高于正常组织(P<0.05),且与D组无明显差异(P>0.05)。(3)A、B、C、D组中丝氨酸含量高于N组(P<0.05)。(4)A、B组胃癌组织中谷氨酸含量明显高于Y组和N组(P<0.05),且A、B、C、D组的数值呈逐渐下降趋势。(5)C、D组胃癌组织中脯氨酸含量明显高于Y组和N组(P<0.05),且A、B、C组的数值呈逐渐升高的趋势。结论:3-甲基胆蒽诱发小鼠胃癌模型中丝氨酸、脯氨酸升高可作为胃癌氨基酸代谢紊乱的一种反映,而5-氟脲嘧啶与黄芪联合应用可减少胃癌组织中谷氨酸含量,抑制肿瘤生长。     

卷柏对小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究卷柏对小鼠免疫功能的影响。采用经口灌胃法，分别测定了给药后小鼠的体重、免疫器官(胸腺、脾脏)的重量和血清抗体(IgG、IgM、IgA)，的含量，以及外周血T淋巴细胞α-醋酸萘酯酶(ANAE)阳性率。结果发现卷柏能降低小鼠血清IgG、IgM、IgA的含量I但对小鼠胸腺、脾脏及T淋巴细胞α-醋酸萘酯酶活性没有影响，提示卷柏对小鼠体液免疫具有抑制作用。     

MNNG所致大鼠腺胃癌过程中腺胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞的免疫组织化学研究

目的　探讨大鼠腺胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞与其腺胃癌发生、发展的关系。方法　用N甲基 -N’ -硝基 -N亚硝胍 (MNNG) 2 0mg/kg给大鼠灌胃 ,每天一次 ,连续 10天 ,以诱导大鼠腺胃癌 (大鼠腺胃异倍体形成 )。第 2 5周时 ,用流式细胞仪测定大鼠腺胃幽门粘膜细胞DNA异倍体形成 ,用免疫组织化学ABC法观察了大鼠腺胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞的免疫组织化学变化 ,并对以上结果进行定性、定位、定量分析以及统计学处理。结果　在MNNG所致大鼠腺胃癌 (腺胃异倍体形成 )的过程中 ,其腺胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞的免疫组织化学反应增强 (P <0 .0 5,P <0 .0 1)。结论　胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞可能与MNNG所制大鼠腺胃癌的发生有关     

中药水蛭对小白鼠胚胎发育的影响

妊娠小白鼠58只随机分组,至孕第7～11天给实验组孕鼠每天分别以500mg/kg(水蛭1组)及1000mg/kg(水蛭2组)的中药水蛭煎剂灌胃,至孕第18天记录各组的孕鼠和胎鼠体重,死胎、吸收胎及堕胎数。结果:水蛭1、2两组胎鼠体重下降,致畸作用显著,死胎、吸收胎比例升高;水蛭2组孕鼠体重下降,堕胎作用显著,与对照组比较,差异均有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。     

MNNG所致大鼠腺胃癌形成过程中机体自然抗癌机制的研究

目的　探讨机体的自然抗肿瘤作用。方法　给断乳雄性Wistar大鼠MNNG灌胃 ,每天一次 ,连续 10天 ,以诱导大鼠腺胃粘膜异倍体形成 (大鼠腺胃癌模型形成 )。第 2 5周时 ,用流式细胞仪测定大鼠腺胃幽门粘膜异倍体形成的情况 ,用免疫组织化学ABC法观察了大鼠腺胃粘膜异倍体形成过程中 ,腺胃胃泌素细胞胃泌素细胞、生长抑素细胞、5-羟色胺细胞的免疫组织化学变化 ,并对以上结果进行定性、定位、定量分析以及统计学处理。结果　在MNNG所致大鼠腺胃癌形成过程中其腺胃胃泌素细胞、生长抑素细胞、5-羟色胺细胞的免疫组织化学阳性强度均明显增强 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5)。结论　胃内分泌细胞可能介导了MNNG所致大鼠胃癌的发生和发展 ;有关机理尚待进一步探讨。     

补骨合剂对体外培养骨髓基质细胞分化影响的观察

观察不同浓度的补骨合剂对体外培养骨髓基质细胞(MSC)分化的影响，探讨补骨合剂促进MSC分化的作用机理。检测不同浓度的补骨合剂对MSC分化过程中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)比活性和细胞内骨钙素(BGP)含量的影响，以及观察ALP和矿化结节染色情况，并与密钙息作对照。结果发现：补骨合剂有促进分化中的MSC分泌ALP、BGP的作用，从而加速MSC向成骨细胞分化，其作用原理与密钙息作用原理基本相同。     

The protective effect of ascorbic acid and thiamine supplementation against damage caused by lead in the testes of mice

Lead is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutant that may have toxic effects on the male. Vitamins may protect against toxic effects of lead in the liver and reproductive system, which is confirmed by our initial research. The aim of this study was to further investigate the protective effects of vitamins （ascorbic acid combined with thiamine） on lead acetate （Pb）-induced reproductive toxicities in mice and study the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Forty-five male mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, 15 mice in each and received daily intragastric administration with control, Pb （20 mg/kg）, and Pb＋vitamins （ascorbic acid of 420 mg/kg＋thiamine of 30 mg/kg） for 6 weeks, respectively. The Pb-treated animals showed significant decreases in the epididymal sperm count and motility compared to the control group, while the Pb＋vitamins group had significant increases for these variables. Moreover, an increasing apoptosis of germinal cells induced by Pb was reduced by vitamin treatment. Pb induced the activation of Caspase-3, Fas/Fas-L and Bcl-2 with elevated levels, and the adaptor protein primarily regulated signaling through Fas and required for Fas-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, ascorbic acid combined with thiamine exhibited protective effect on reproductive system by inhibiting Pb-induced excessive cell apoptosis.     

一种新的与细胞分化相关的基因在不同组织及细胞系中表达与定位

为改进胃癌模型的制作,在高盐饲料条件下,比较了小剂量甲基硝基亚硝基胍(MNNG)持续给药及高剂量灌胃在诱发大鼠胃癌的类型、造模周期及成功率上的差异。将66只大鼠随机分三组,1组给予含盐8％的高盐饲料20周,其中前17周同时自由饮用添加100 mg/LMNNG的消毒自来水;2组先给予正常饮食饮水,于造模第1和第14天按200 mg/kg给予MNNG灌胃,然后在灌胃第3天起予每周用饱和氯化钠灌胃两次持续三周共6次,第4周起给予高盐饲料,正常饮水直至20周末;1、2组均于第21周起改为正常饮食饮水,第35周末处死取材,其中1组在第20周时取10只处死取材;3组大鼠给予正常饮食,35周一并处死。所有标本常规制石蜡切片HE染色。结果显示,高盐饲料加小剂量MNNG持续给药能较特异地诱导大鼠胃腺癌,诱癌周期短,仅35周,诱癌成功率高达90％,肿瘤多位于胃窦小弯侧及幽门部,大剂量MNNG灌胃加高盐饲料可较特异地诱发大鼠前胃鳞癌,诱癌率为68.4％。因此高盐饲料配合小剂量持续给药是较好的诱导胃腺癌的造模方法。     

大鼠鼻咽癌癌变的组织化学

用二亚硝基哌嗪诱发大鼠鼻咽癌,观察了癌变过程中各级病变的酶活性变化。乳酸脱氢酶活性从增生、化生阶段到癌前和癌变整个过程呈逐步增高;琥珀酸脱氢酶活性处于一种低水平波动,变化不显著;非特异性酯酶在增生、化生阶段活性显著增高,但到癌前和癌变阶段则明显减弱,甚至消失,变化最大,在各级病变中反应最敏感。     

Histopathological studies of acute and chronic effects of Calliandra portoricensis leaf extract on the stomach and pancreas of adult Swiss albino mice

Objective

To evaluate the consequence of oral administration of Calliandra portoricensis (C. portoricensis) leaf extract on the stomach and pancreas in Swiss albino mice.

Methods

Three groups of mice (B, C and D) were treated with 4 mg/kg of C. portoricensis extract. Group A was the control and received an equivalent volume of distilled water. Group B received C. portoricensis leaf extract for 7 days, Group C received C. portoricensis leaf extract for 14 days, and Group D received C. portoricensis leaf extract for 28 days. At different stages in the study, the mice were sacrificed and the stomach and pancreas were excised and fixed in 10% formol saline for histological analysis.

Results

The result showed a normal microstructural outline in groups B and C as compared with the control. However, animals in group D showed disorganization of the mucosa and discontinuation of epithelial lining of the stomach while the islets of Langerans in the pancreas were at various degree of degeneration as compared with the control mice.

Conclusions

The present finding suggests that chronic administration (28 days as seen in this study) of C. portoricensis leaf extract may inhibit the proper function of the stomach and pancreas.     

光合细菌对小鼠免疫功能的影响

用正常小鼠肌肉注射醋酸氢化泼尼松（ＨＰＡ）造成免疫低下模型，通过距噬细胞（Ｍ）吞噬功能试验，淋巴器官重量测定，外周血淋巴细胞α－醋酸蔡酯染色。观察光合细菌（ＰＳＢ）对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明：光合细菌能完全或部分对抗免疫抑制剂的免疫抑制作用，对细胞免疫功能有一定保护和促进作用。     

链脲霉素糖尿病小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞数量和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能研究

采用链脲霉素诱导C_(57)小鼠发生糖尿病并研究在糖尿病状态下,外周血T淋巴细胞数量和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能。结果显示糖尿病小鼠外周血淋巴细胞数量无明显改变,而T淋巴细胞百分比显著下降;腹腔巨噬细胞体外吞噬酵母菌的能力明显低于正常对照。T淋巴细胞数量减少和巨噬细胞吞噬功能减弱,提示链脲霉素糖尿病小鼠细胞免疫功能低下     

猪松果体对小鼠移植性黑色素瘤和乳腺腺癌生长的影响

<正> 关于松果体和肿瘤的关系问题,Engel(1933～1935)曾报道过松果体提取物对大鼠和小鼠实验诱发肿瘤的生长有抑制作用。其后有些学者用切除成体鼠或幼鼠松果体再接种肿瘤的方法来探讨松果体与肿瘤的关系。近几年来,Morozov和Buswell报道了松果体提取物有抑癌作用。与上述观点相反,Domori和Gupta报道了松果体主要成分melatonin对完整鼠黑色素瘤生长无作用。Hamilton证明melatonin不仅不能抑制肿瘤生长,反而对化学诱发肿瘤的发生有促进作用。     

The Relationship Between Mast Cell Infiltration and the Expression of PCNA and EGFr in Experimental Hepatocellular Carcinoma

（阮幼冰）（武忠弼）ＴｈｅＲｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐＢｅｔｗｅｅｎＭａｓｔＣｅｌｌＩｎｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅＥｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｏｆＰＣＮＡａｎｄＥＧＦｒｉｎＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＨｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒＣａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｏｆＬｉｖｅｒ...     

大黑蚂蚁对正常及免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的 :研究大黑蚂蚁 (PolyrhachisVicinaRoger)对正常小鼠及受环磷酰胺 (CP)损伤免疫系统的小鼠的免疫调节作用。方法 :测定外周血T淋巴细胞α -醋酸萘酯酶 (ANAE)阳性率和免疫器官 (脾、胸腺 )与小鼠体重的比值两个指标。结果 :大黑蚂蚁煎提液组与阴性对照组比较 ,小鼠脾脏和胸腺的相对重量、T淋巴细胞的α-ANAE率均无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;大黑蚂蚁煎提液加CP组的脾脏的相对重量及T淋巴细胞的α -ANAE阳性率均恢复至正常水平 ,而其胸腺的相对重量虽较CP组有显著提高 (P <0 0 1) ,但仍不能恢复至正常水平。结论 :大黑蚂蚁对CP造成的小鼠免疫功能受损有明显的恢复和保护作用     

Experimental studies on immunostimulatory effects of the Isatis indigotica polysaccharide

Polysaccharides extracted from the root of Isatis indigotica (IIP, 50 mg/kg.d, ipx8d) significantly increased the weight of spleen and number of white blood cell and lymphocyte in peripheral blood in normal ICR mice, and antagonized the immunosuppressive actions of hydrocortisone. There were marked potentiating effects on delayed hypersensitivity reaction induced by 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene in normal NIH mice treated with IIP as well as in immunodepressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide. By administration of IIP, the percentage of ANAE+ lymphocytes stained with acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase method were significantly increased in peripheral blood of normal ICR mice, and the decreases in number of ANAE+ lymphocytes in mice induced by hydrocortisone were prevented to a certain extent. But IIP could not enhance Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation of C57BL mouse spleen cells in vitro measured with MTT colorimetric assay. In addition, the plaque forming cells in 5 x 10(6) splenocytes of NIH mice treated with IIP were higher than that of the control group (P less than 0.01). IIP could also elevate the clearance rate of intra-venous charcoal particles in normal mice, i.e., stimulated the phagocytic activity of macrophages. The result indicates that IIP is capable of increasing humoral and cellular immune functions and enhancing the functions of reticuloendothelial system, and might be a good immunopotentiator.     

海马提取物的药理实验研究

对海马水提取物（ＷＥＨ）和乙醇提取物（ＥＥＨ）中氨基酸和微量元素含量进行了分析比较，测得两提取物中含有多种氨基酸和Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ等元素。两提取物（５００，１０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｉｐ）能增加正常小鼠和免疫受抑小鼠脾重，提高碳粒廓清率和吞噬指数，提高外周血液淋巴细胞ＡＮＡＥ阳性百分率，促进血清溶血素抗体的生成。体外实验可提高小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖，其量效关系呈双向变化。结果表明，海马提取物具有促进小鼠免疫功能的作用。此外两提取物（５００，１０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｉｇ）对小鼠血清ＭＤＡ含量和游泳持续时间无明显影响。     

人外周血E花环及EA_γ花环阳性细胞的酸性α醋酸萘酯酯酶染色类型

本文采用Gupta等介绍的EAγ花环形成法和酯酶染色双标记的方法对正常人外周血淋巴细胞ANAE颗粒类型与细胞表面标志的关系进行了初步探索。结果表明,用E花环分离的淋巴细胞(T细胞)中99.6％为ANAE阳性,EAγ阳性的T细胞中77％在ANAE染色上呈“分散颗粒型”,所以,“分散颗粒型”T细胞可以被认为主要代表Tr细胞。但是,EAγ~+细胞仍有23％呈“斑状颗粒型”,EAγ~-细胞也有8.3％呈“分散颗粒型”。因此,著者认为MAγ~+细胞和“分散颗粒型”细胞可能都不是均质的群体。     

多肽P Ⅲ术中与术后腹腔注射抑制胃癌腹膜转移的研究

目的 评价多肽PⅢ术中及术后早期腹腔内应用对胃癌腹膜转移的作用.方法 48只裸鼠经完整组织块裸鼠胃壁原位种植,建立类似于临床的胃癌腹膜转移模型.每组16只,随机分为①对照组;②术中腹腔多肽灌洗+术后多肽治疗组(关腹前立即用60 ml、43℃生理盐水溶解多肽PⅢ 200 μg冲洗腹腔2次);③术后多肽治疗组.术后1周开始治疗,对照组每只裸鼠与第8、10、12、14、16、18、20、22天腹腔各0.2 ml生理盐水腹腔注射;②组和③组与对照组相同的时间分别给予多肽PⅢ 2 mg/kg腹腔注射,移植后第23天各取6只裸鼠脱颈处死,测定原位肿瘤重量,观察腹膜转移情况.其余裸鼠用于生存率试验.结果 对照组、术中腹腔多肽灌洗+术后多肽治疗组和术后多肽治疗组的裸鼠原位肿瘤重量分别为(1.93±0.22)g、(1.81±0.36)g、(1.95±0.45)g,各组间比较,差异无统计学意义;对照组、术后多肽治疗组和术中腹腔多肽灌洗+术后多肽治疗组的裸鼠腹膜转移的瘤结节数分别为(126.3±9.6)个、(64.2±8.3)个、(9.2±1.3)个;其中大于2 mm的裸鼠平均腹膜转移结节数分别为(51.2±3.6)个、(21.7±4.9)个、(1.6±0.2)个,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).裸鼠生存试验显示术中腹腔多肽灌洗+术后多肽治疗组裸鼠生存时间明显长于对照组及术后多肽治疗组的裸鼠生存时间.结论 多肽PⅢ术中及术后腹腔内用药可明显降低裸鼠胃癌腹膜转移的发生,显著延长了裸鼠的生存期,有望成为临床上治疗胃癌腹膜转移的药物.     

Studie über die Beziehung zwischen Mastzellen und Tumorwachstumsgeschwindigkeit in der Hepatokarzinogenese bei Ratten

The nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) of normal rat hepatocytes and hepatocytes in the precancerous hyperplastic nodules as well as the cells of hepatocelluar carcinoma induced by Nitro-somorpholine in rats were observed with aid of AgNOR-staining and electron microscopy. The observation revealed that the number of Ag-gra-nules in the NORs of carcinoma cells was significantly more than that in the hyperplastic and normal hepatocytes. The ultrastructural observation of the nucleoli of interphase nuclei showed just the same result as the AgNOR-staining. The alcian blue-PAS-ABC combined staining revealed a very marked infiltration of mast cells (MC) within the carcinoma tissue and in its surroundings in 4 animals, while oher 5 animals showed only a slight or no MC infiltration in the surroundings of carcinoma tissue. The observation of the phenotype of MC revealed that only one of the animals with carcinoma showed a relatively marked infiltraton of both mucosa mast cells (MMC) and connective tissue mast cells (CTMC), while all other rats showed mainly an infiltration of CTMC. The Ag-granules in the NORs of carcinoma cells of the carcinomas with more MC infiltration were less than that of carcinomas with only slight or without MC infiltration. The difference was statistically significant. The significance of above mentioned results was discussed and a relationship between MC and prognosis of liver carcinoma was suggested.