187例重型病毒性肝炎心电图及心肌酶谱改变的临床分析

目的探讨重型病毒性肝炎的心电图及心肌酶谱改变与心脏损伤的关系。方法选取本院收治的重型病毒性肝炎患者187例作为观察组,其中急性重型肝炎12例,亚急性重型肝炎46例,慢性重型肝炎129例;另选同期体检健康者97例作为对照组,分别进行常规心电图检查,同时检测心肌酶谱,并对以上结果进行对照分析。结果重型病毒性肝炎能引起心电图显著异常,主要为窦性心动过速、窦性心动过缓、ST-T改变、Q-T间期延长、QRS波低电压等。观察组肌酸激酶（CK）明显升高的患者,其心电图异常率明显高于CK正常者,尤其是重肝患者出现窦性心动过速合并ST和（或）T波改变时,CK明显高于正常水平。结论心电图可以作为重型病毒性肝炎心脏损伤严重程度的重要指标,临床应密切关注心电图改变。     

毒鼠强中毒患者心肌酶谱及肌钙蛋白的变化及临床意义

目的：探讨急性毒鼠强中毒患者病程中血清CK、CK-MB、LDH、AST、CTN—T等的变化水平及临床意义。方法：观察32例急性毒鼠强中毒者的心肌酶谱及肌钙蛋白、心电图;以30例健康体检者为正常对照组（A组）。结果：与A组比较,轻度中毒者（A1组）心肌酶谱及轻、中度中毒组（A2组）肌钙蛋白无显著差异（P〉0．05）;A2组心肌酶谱有显著差异性（P〈0．05）。32例急性毒鼠强中毒患者血清心肌酶在病程过程中均有不同程度的升高且病情好转后亦恢复正常。结论：毒鼠强中毒心肌酶谱升高与心电图异常并非心脏损害,可能与骨骼肌损伤及中枢神经系统受损等有关。血清酶活性增高与病情的轻重和转归有密切关系。     

急性脑卒中后心电图及心肌酶谱和肌钙蛋白-T的变化

目的　观察急性脑卒中患者心电图、心肌酶谱和心肌肌钙蛋白 T(cTnT)的变化情况。方法　 136例急性脑卒中患者入院后做心电图 ,对其中有异常者再行心肌酶谱和cTnT的检测 ,并动态观察。结果　 136例急性脑卒中患者中 ,10 9例有心电图异常 (80 .1% ) ,出血性卒中的心电图异常率高于缺血性卒中组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;10 9例心电图异常的患者中 ,有心肌酶谱改变的 6 5例 ,出血性卒中组心肌酶谱水平较缺血性卒中组高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;10 9例心电图异常患者中cTnT阳性者为 5 5例 ,其中出血性卒中组有 2 6例 ,缺血性卒中组有 2 9例 ,两组比较差异无显著意义 ;治疗后 ,部分患者的心电图、心肌酶谱、cTnT均有不同程度的恢复。结论　急性脑卒中患者应加强心脏功能监护 ,监测心电图、心肌酶谱和cTnT ,使可逆性的心肌损害得到恢复     

酵米面食物中毒患者心电图和心肌酶谱改变的临床分析

目的探讨酵米面中毒患者的心电图与心肌酶谱变化,了解酵米面食物中毒对心肌的损害。方法对47例酵米面中毒患者(中毒组)行心电图与心肌酶谱检测,同时检测30例正常人作为对照组。结果中毒组心电图异常率明显高于对照组(65.9%vs 13.3%,P<0.01)。中毒组心肌酶谱各指标较对照组均明显升高(P<0.01)。中毒组中心肌酶异常但心电图正常者死亡率为37.5%,心电图及心肌酶均异常死亡率为71.0%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心电图和心肌酶谱变化对于判断酵米面食物中毒患者病情,估计预后,指导治疗有重要意义。     

重型肝炎患者心肌酶谱的临床研究

目的:探讨重型肝炎患者心肌酶谱的变化情况,早期发现心肌损害,为寻求降低重型肝炎的死亡率提供治疗新途径。方法:对102例重型肝炎的死亡率的心肌酶谱(LDH、CK、CK-MB、α-HDB)、肝功能进行检测。结果:重型肝炎心肌酶谱有较高的异常发生率,发生心肌酶谱,异常患者的病情好转率明显降低。结论:重型肝炎患者出现心肌损害较为常见,且有心肌损害患者预后较无心肌损害患者的预后要差。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性心肌损害66例临床分析

目的：探讨新生儿窒息心肌损害的状况。方法：对82例新生儿窒息患者进行测定心肌酶谱、心电图（ECG）等项目检查，以评价其心肌损害程度。结果：82例中并发心肌损害66例，血清心肌酶谱均有不同程度升高，心电图异常48例。结论：血清心肌酶谱及ECG可作为早期诊断新生儿缺氧缺血性心肌损害的重要指标。     

脑卒中后脑心综合征的临床研究

目的探讨急性脑卒中后脑心综合征的临床特点。方法对120例既往无心脏损害的急性脑卒中患者（卒中组）,其中出血性卒中61例,缺血性卒中59例,入院后行心电图和心肌酶谱检测,同时将100例健康人作为对照组。结果卒中组患者心肌酶谱水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。卒中组心肌酶谱异常率47．5％,心电图异常率为70．8％。心电图异常主要表现为心律紊乱、ST—T改变、Q-T间期延长、U波出现、心梗样图形。出血性卒中发生心电图及心肌酶谱异常明显高于缺血性卒中（P〈0．01）,而脑干、丘脑发生心电图及心肌酶谱异常明显高于脑叶病灶（P〈0．01）。结论脑心综合征以心电图异常和各种类型心律失常为主,其次是心肌损伤后心肌酶谱异常。加强监测心电图及心肌酶谱,能使可逆的心肌损害得到恢复。     

小儿手足口病对心脏的影响(附58例病例报告)

目的 :观察小儿手足口病对心脏的影响。方法 :对手足口病患儿常规进行心电图 (ECG)检查 ,异常者查心肌酶 ,并随访心电图、心肌酶变化。结果 :5 8例中心电图异常 9例 ,异常率 15 .5 % ;心肌酶升高 5例 ;除 1例诊断为心肌炎外 ,其余 8例ECG、心肌酶均随手足口病痊愈而恢复正常。结论 :小儿手足口病可导致心脏受累     

成人重症肺炎患者血清心肌酶的检测及其临床意义

选取35例重症肺炎患者为重症组,一般肺炎患者56例为肺炎组,各项指标均正常者30例作为对照组。对三组患者分别进行血清心肌酶检测。结果重症组35例患者的外周血白细胞比肺炎组患者显著升高,且血氧饱和度比肺炎组患者降低非常明显,患者的休克、心衰、心电图异常以及器官的衰竭情况均比肺炎组患者多,比较两组差异较大,P<0.05,具有统计学意义。重症组患者血清心肌酶的指标较肺炎组与对照组上升明显,P<0.05;肺炎组患者和对照组患者的血清心肌酶比较无差异,P>0.05。心肌酶上升亚组患者的血样饱和度与心衰以及心电图异常的发生情况比心肌酶正常亚组的患者要低,P<0.05。重症组患者有2例死亡,总有效率是94.3%;肺炎组患者无死亡症状,总有效率达100%。当重症肺炎患者出现血清心肌酶上升时,表明病情严重,可能会对心肌造成损害,需进行及时治疗。     

重型颅脑伤并脑心综合征103例临床分析

目的：探讨重型脑外伤后早期心电图及心肌谱酶改变对患预后影响。方法：103例重型脑损伤患按影像学所见将损伤部位分为3组。Ⅰ组：脑干、脑室、丘脑。Ⅱ组：脑叶、基底节区。Ⅱ组：蛛网膜下腔出血。伤后早期分别行心肌酶谱和心电图(ECG)监测、并结合临床资料进行分析。结果：重型脑损伤患早期ECG改变占51．2％～83．8％，心肌酶谱均有不同程度增高，心电图正常的39例全部好转。异常的65例中22例病情恶化．其中15例死亡，死亡心电图有显多项改变。Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组比较。差异有显意义(P＜0．05)．Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组比较．差异无意义(P＜0．05)。结论：重型脑损伤患急性期极易产生脑心综合征。ECG与心肌酶谱异常可作为判断重型脑外伤早期预后的一项参考指标。     

36例乙型肝炎病人病毒核糖核酸、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ与心电图改变关系的探讨

目的:研究乙型肝炎(HB)病人血清乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)与心电图(ECG)改变三者的关系,探讨HBV对心肌损伤的机理。方法:收集36例HB的临床资料及ECG的变化,并检测血清HBV-DNA、cTn Ⅰ含量。结果:急性肝炎患者血清HBV-DNA含量明显高于慢性肝炎;各型肝炎cTn Ⅰ的阳性率不等,总阳性率为22.2%(8 36)。急性、慢性重度、慢性中度、肝硬化、慢性轻度的阳性率分别为50%(2/4)、25%(1/4)、23.4%(3、1 3)、14.2%、(1 7)、12.1%(1/8),急性肝炎明显高于其它各组(P<0.01)。慢性中度、莺度与慢性轻度、肝硬化之间也有显著差异(P<0.01)。慢性轻度与肝硬化之间、慢性中度与慢性重度之间无显著差异。HB病人ECG异常发生率为36.1%(13/36),4例急性肝炎患者均有过ECG改变,显著高于其它各组(P<0.01)。结论:1)cTn Ⅰ阳性与ECG异常表现并不一致,cTn Ⅰ可以作为判断HB心肌损伤的敏感和特异性指标;2)在HB急性期的心肌损伤可能是HBV直接作用,慢性HB心肌损伤是自身免疫作用的结果。     

血液净化治疗急性中毒患者的心功能监护

目的了解接受血液净化治疗的急性中毒患者心肌损害及循环功能改变情况,探讨保障血液净化治疗安全的应对措施。方法分析广州市第十二人民医院2000年1月～2004年5月的47例急性中毒患者在105次血液净化治疗阶段的心肌酶谱和心电图检查结果,发生急性并发症的情况等,总结心功能损害对血液净化治疗安全性的影响。结果本组病例80.9%存在心功能损害情况,68.1%在中毒后24～48h内出现心肌酶指标改变,接受血液净化治疗期间心电图检查异常63次(60%),心肌酶谱异常115次(71.0%);23例(48.9%)发生急性并发症,共40次(38.1%),其中血压降低18次(45%),升高1次(2.5%),心律不齐5次(12.5%),呼吸困难2次(5.0%),过敏反应6次(15.0%),出血、溶血4次(10.0%),躁动4次(10.0%),与其他疾病行血液净化治疗患者相比,发生次数多、情况复杂且程度严重,有非常显著的统计学意义(χ2=16.1,P=6E-05)。结论中毒患者存在较严重的心功能损害,接受血液净化治疗中应严密监测循环指标和心功能指标,控制各环节平稳转流,转流前后加强支持疗法,提高患者机体承受能力,保证治疗安全。     

不伴心肌梗死的冠状动脉完全闭塞病变心绞痛的临床分析

目的：探讨不伴心肌梗死的冠状动脉完全闭塞病变心绞痛患者的临床特点。方法：对24例不伴心肌梗死的冠状动脉完全闭塞患者的临床表现、心电图、超声心动图及冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾分析。结果：中、高危险组主要表现为静息心绞痛，低危险组和稳定性心绞痛组主要表现为劳力型心绞痛。冠状动脉造影显示左前降支闭塞10例（37％），右冠状动脉闭塞7例（26％），左回旋支闭塞6例（22％），合并多支血管病变23例（95．8％）。心电图ST段异常14例（58．3％）。62．5％的患者进行经皮冠脉血运重建术。结论：不伴心肌梗死的冠状动脉完全闭塞主要表现为劳力型心绞痛，心电图ST段异常是预测冠脉病变严重程度的主要危险因素。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗正成为慢性冠状动脉闭塞的主要手段之一。     

生脉注射液对乳腺癌表柔比星多程化疗心脏毒性的作用

目的探析生脉注射液对乳腺癌表柔比星多程化疗心脏毒性的作用。方法选取2015年1月至2019年8月在我院接受化疗的60例乳腺癌患者,将其随机分为对照组(n=30)与观察组(n=30)。对照组患者给予AC方案(表柔比星+多西他赛)化疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予生脉注射液。比较两组患者临床疗效、心电图异常率、心肌酶谱指标及不良反应发生情况。结果对照组临床总缓解率为33.33%,观察组为53.33%,两组临床总缓解率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组心电图异常率为30.00%,观察组为16.67%,两组心电图异常率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,对照组CK、CKMB、cTnT水平显著升高,观察组cTnT水平显著升高,且观察组CK、CKMB、cTnT水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率为16.67%,显著低于对照组的46.67%(P<0.05)。结论在乳腺癌表柔比星多程化疗中应用生脉注射液,能够显著减轻心脏毒性,且不良反应发生率较低,值得临床进一步应用与借鉴。     

Use of a simple clinical score to predict prognosis of patients with normal or mildly abnormal resting electrocardiographic findings undergoing evaluation for coronary artery disease

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a simple clinical score, which was shown previously to predict the likelihood of severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients referred for coronary angiography, could predict prognosis in a separate cohort of patients with normal or mildly abnormal findings on their resting electrocardiogram (ECG) who were undergoing noninvasive evaluation for possible CAD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study group included 2255 symptomatic patients with normal (n=1466) or mildly abnormal (nonspecific ST-T-wave abnormalities; n=789) findings on their resting ECG who were referred for exercise thallium testing between 1989 and 1991. Follow-up was 94% complete at a mean +/- SD duration of 6.9+/-1.5 years. The clinical score, which ranged from 0 (lowest risk) to 10 (highest risk), was calculated by awarding 1 point each for male sex, history of myocardial infarction, typical angina, diabetes mellitus, insulin use, and each decade of age older than 40 years. RESULTS: In each ECG group, the clinical score was a significant predictor of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or late revascularization, considered individually or combined, unadjusted or with adjustment for age. Most patients had a score lower than 5; these patients had an excellent 5-year cardiac survival rate (99.7% for the normal ECG findings group and 98.8% for the ST-T-wave abnormalities group). The small subset of patients with a score higher than 5 had a much lower 5-year survival rate (923% for the 8% of patients with normal ECG findings and 86.6% for the 14% of patients with ST-T-wave abnormalities). For patients with a score of 5, the 5-year survival rate was 97.7% for the normal ECG findings group and 95.9% for the ST-T-wave abnormalities group. CONCLUSION: In symptomatic patients with known or suspected CAD and normal or mildly abnormal resting ECG findings, this simple, easily computed clinical score is a useful and valid tool to help determine prognosis.     

Evaluation of myocardial perfusion in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in comparison with clinical and echocardiographic data

AIM: To study peculiarities of myocardial perfusion in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) in correlation with clinical and echocardiographic data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 62 patients with HCMP (23 females and 39 males, mean age 44.4 +/- 11.2 years, the disease duration 13.0 +/- 10.4 years) have undergone ECG, 24-h ECG monitoring, echocardiography, perfusion scintigraphy of the myocardium with 99m-TcMIBI at rest and in combination with bicycle ergometry. The patients were divided into two groups: 35 patients of group 1 had moderate left ventricular hypertrophy (the septal thickness in diastole under 20 mm; 27 patients of group 2 had severe hypertrophy (the thickness was over 20 mm). RESULTS: Dyspnea and syncopal states occurred more frequently in patients from group 2. They also had a higher functional class of heart failure (2.0 +/- 0.8 and 1.2 +/- 0.7 for group 1 and 2, respectively, p < 0.05). Cardiac performance was significantly higher in patients of group 1. The size of the left atrium, left ventricular myocardium mass, the septal thickness and thickness of posterior wall of the left ventricle, gradient of pressure in the outflow tract of the left ventricle proved higher in patients of group 2. Deep stable defects of myocardial perfusion were detected in 5 (15%) patients of group 1 and 10 (37%) patients of group 2. Transient defects of myocardial perfusion were found in 9 (26%) patients of group 1 and 12 (44%) patients of group 2. The index of myocardial ischemia in group 1 patients was significantly lower than in patients of group 2 (3.5 +/- 2.2 and 8.3 +/- 2.5, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with severe hypertrophy of the left ventricle had severe clinical picture, low exercise tolerance, marked hemodynamic changes, more frequent defects of left ventricular perfusion defects compared to patients with moderate hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium.     

Clinical and structural parallels in changes of the myocardial conduction system in diphtheria patients

AIM: Comparison of the results of clinical device investigations of the heart with morphological autopsy evidence in diphtheria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hearts of 309 patients with diphtheria aged 25 to 80 years and 60 hearts of patients who died of diphtheria were investigated using ECG, echo-CG, doppler echo-CG, Holter ECG monitoring, biochemical tests of blood. Structural study of cardiac conduction included examination of the sinus-atrial node, atrioventricular node and bundle regarding the adjacent myocardium. RESULTS: Variants of structural-functional state of the myocardium and conduction system are explained by variability of the pathological processes which arose due to individual features of the conduction system structure and location, relationships with the myocardium. In acute diphtheria (day 1-10) dystrophic, necrobiotic and vascular disorders prevailed followed on days 11-30 by inflammation ending in myocardiosclerosis. Nodes and bundles of the conduction system are affected less frequently than the myocardium. CONCLUSION: A correlation exists between structural state of the cardiac conduction system and variants of clinical affection of the heart in diphtheria.     

Simulation of Brugada syndrome using cellular and three-dimensional whole-heart modeling approaches

Brugada syndrome (BS) is a genetic disease identified by an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) (mainly abnormal ECGs associated with right bundle branch block and ST-elevation in right precordial leads). BS can lead to increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Experimental studies on human ventricular myocardium with BS have been limited due to difficulties in obtaining data. Thus, the use of computer simulation is an important alternative. Most previous BS simulations were based on animal heart cell models. However, due to species differences, the use of human heart cell models, especially a model with three-dimensional whole-heart anatomical structure, is needed. In this study, we developed a model of the human ventricular action potential (AP) based on refining the ten Tusscher et al (2004 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 286 H1573-89) model to incorporate newly available experimental data of some major ionic currents of human ventricular myocytes. These modified channels include the L-type calcium current (I(CaL)), fast sodium current (I(Na)), transient outward potassium current (I(to)), rapidly and slowly delayed rectifier potassium currents (I(Kr) and I(Ks)) and inward rectifier potassium current (I(Ki)). Transmural heterogeneity of APs for epicardial, endocardial and mid-myocardial (M) cells was simulated by varying the maximum conductance of I(Ks) and I(to). The modified AP models were then used to simulate the effects of BS on cellular AP and body surface potentials using a three-dimensional dynamic heart-torso model. Our main findings are as follows. (1) BS has little effect on the AP of endocardial or mid-myocardial cells, but has a large impact on the AP of epicardial cells. (2) A likely region of BS with abnormal cell AP is near the right ventricular outflow track, and the resulting ST-segment elevation is located in the median precordium area. These simulation results are consistent with experimental findings reported in the literature. The model can reproduce a variety of electrophysiological behaviors and provides a good basis for understanding the genesis of abnormal ECG under the condition of BS disease.     

Clinical importance of cardiac troponin release and cardiac abnormalities in patients with supratentorial cerebral hemorrhages

OBJECTIVE: To determine the Incidence of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevation, electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, and arrhythmias in supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and their association with early mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with supratentorial ICHs admitted to Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, from March 1998 to October 2003 were studied. We excluded moribund patients with ICHs who died within 12 hours of hospital admission. Cardiac troponin T levels measured on admission and day 2 were determined by a third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Continuous ECG monitoring was performed In all patients. Computed tomographic scans were graded and correlated with abnormal cardiac variables. RESULTS: Peak levels of cTnT were elevated at 0.035 to 1.2 microg/L (mean +/- SD, 0.27 +/- 0.38 microg/L) in 10 (20%) of 49 patients and were not associated with changes in creatine kinase MB fraction or ECG results. The cTnT levels did not correlate with location or side of hemorrhage or mortality at 30 days. Seventy (64%) of 110 patients displayed ECG abnormalities. The ECG changes did not correlate with the location or side of ICH, hydrocephalus, midline shift, or extension to the ventricles. CONCLUSION: The cTnT elevations in survivors of acute ICH are frequent but without confirmatory ECG changes that suggest mild myocardial injury. One-month mortality is not influenced by such cTnT elevations. In addition, ECG abnormalities are common but likely benign in patients with supratentorial ICH who survive the initial insult.     

Predictors of Atrio-Ventricular Conduction Disease, Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy Types I and II

Background: Patients with myotonic dystrophy (DM) have an annual mortality of approximately 3.5%, one-third of which is sudden cardiac death. The predictors of cardiac conduction disease in these patients are incompletely defined. Methods: A single-center cohort study included 211 patients with DM type 1 (DM1) and 25 DM type 2 (DM2). A severe electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality was defined as a PR interval of ≥240 ms or QRS duration of ≥120 ms. Results: A severe ECG abnormality was found in 24% of DM1 patients and 17% of DM2 patients. Among DM1 patients, those with a severe ECG abnormality were older (41.6 ± 14.6 vs 35.4 ± 12.6 years) and more likely to have hypertension (13.2% vs 4.2%, P = 0.038), heart failure (4.4% vs 0%, P = 0.056), atrial arrhythmias (6.6% vs 0.7%, P < 0.001), a higher number of trinucleotide repeats (689 ± 451 vs 474 ± 322, P = 0.01), and a family history of sudden cardiac death (26.7% vs 5.6%, P < 0.001) or pacemaker implantation (20% vs 0.7%, P < 0.001). Pacemakers or defibrillators were implanted in 14% of all patients, including 65% of patients with severe ECG abnormalities. During 57 ± 46 months, 13 patients died (1.16% per year), including three patients who died suddenly, two of whom had normally functioning pacemakers. Conclusion: In DM1, atrio-ventricular conduction disease is associated with increasing age, concomitant cardiovascular disease, nucleotide repeat length, and family history. The systematic identification of conduction disease and aggressive use of prophylactic pacemakers is associated with low rate of sudden cardiac death. (PACE 2012; 35:1262-1269).