指尖再植的手术体会

目的探讨指尖再植的手术要点。方法对86指指尖离断进行再植。既吻合指动脉末端分支，又吻合指静脉分支68指，仅吻合指动脉末端分支，不吻合指静脉分支16指，动静脉转流2指；神经直接缝合84指，抽出神经束植入指尖皮下2指。结果成活80指，成活率为93％。6指因术后血管危象坏死而截除。术后随访6～36个月，除8指指甲有增厚卷曲畸形，2指指腹有不同程度萎缩外．70指外形良好，感觉已恢复正常，两点辨别觉为5～8mm。结论熟悉指尖部动静脉的解剖，根据断指的情况，选择合适的手术方法和高质量的血管吻合技术。是保证指尖再植成功的关键。     

指尖冠状面断离再植15例体会

:1998年 3月～ 2 0 0 1年2月 ,再植指尖冠状面断离 15例 15指 ,全部成活 ,效果满意。依伤面分为自指腹近侧斜向指甲远端和自指腹远侧斜向甲根部的断离 ,后者再植难度大。采用顺、逆行相结合的再植方法 ,强调指腹静脉的吻合 ,可提高此类伤再植的成功率指尖冠状面断离再植15例体会$河北省邯郸市中心医院创伤外科@薛俊红 $河北省邯郸市中心医院创伤外科@杨华堂 $河北省邯郸市中心医院创伤外科@薛广平     

指尖离断再植

目的：探讨提高指尖再植成活率的手术方法。方法：应用显微外科技术对38个离断指尖进行再植，根据血管损伤情况，灵活采取仅吻合动脉、既吻合动脉又缝合静脉、静脉动脉化、动静脉转流及增加离断指的接触面积等手术方法。结果：38指成活35指，失败3指，成活率为92．1％。术后随访3－18个月，参照中华医学会手外科学会断指再植功能评定试用标准，成活的35指分值均在80分以上，全部为优。结论：只要手术方法得当，指尖再植不仅能获得较高的成活率，而且能达到接近正常指尖外形和功能。     

仅吻合动脉的末节及指尖再植手术的改良

目的 通过增加离断指体间的接触面积,提高仅吻合动脉的手指末节及指尖再植的成活率。方法 将离断指近端指骨短缩1－2mm,缝俣皮肤时使远端指体套人近端指体内1－2mm;增加斜形离断伤的斜面;“Z”形缝合创面皮肤;V－Y皮瓣推进。结果 46指成活42指,随访3－18个月,再植批的长度与健侧相似,指甲正常生长,指端痛温觉恢复,两点分辨觉3-6mm。结论 该手术方法可增加离断体指体间的接触面积,缩短再植术后的拨血时间,减少术后护理工作量及术后出血量,降低术后感染的风险。     

提高指尖再植成活率的几点体会

我院从1995年2月～2001年6月再植66例71指完全性指尖断离，效果满意，现报道如下。１资料与方法１．１一般资料本组66例71指，男48指，女23指，年龄2岁8个月～56岁。致伤原因：刀伤23指，挤切伤9指，绞轧伤21指，锯伤15指，咬伤3指。指别：拇指23指，示指19指，中指9指，环指13指，小指7指。断离平面：按田万成[1]分型：Ⅰ型18指，Ⅱ型19指，Ⅲ型11指，Ⅳ型17指，Ⅴ型5指，Ⅵ型1指。１．２手术方法⑴彻底清创，寻找标记指动脉或其分支，然后以所标记动脉为中心向四周扩创，找出指神经或其分支。在断端皮肤较正常处，边切开皮肤边寻找指腹静…     

特殊性手指末节及指尖离断再植的临床分析

目的回顾性分析特殊手指末节及指尖再植的临床效果.方法对于手指末节及指尖特殊断指再植,尽可能多的吻合血管或吻合1条动脉及1条静脉或吻合1条动脉加拔甲、小切口放血滴肝素处理等方法,恢复断指血循环.结果本组42例56指,成活50指,失败6指,成活率89.3%,成活患指功能及外形接近正常,病人对疗效满意.结论手指末节及指尖离断再植技术要求高,在充分认识伤情的基础上,慎重选择适应证的同时,高质量的血管吻合技术及对血管损伤的有效处理,可以大大提高再植的成活率.     

指尖离断再植方法探讨

目的 探讨提高指尖再植成活率的方法.方法 36例(37指)在显微镜下再植,行动、静脉吻合或仅行动脉吻合,结合放血疗法.结果 坏死4指,成活33指,成活率89%.33指获随访6～12个月,按照中华医学会手外科分会断指再植功能评定标准:优28指,良5指.结论 指尖再植手术方法得当,成活率较高,术后外形、功能均满意.     

指尖离断再植12例

1998年8月～2002年4月,我们采用指动脉在远指间关节处分支移位法,对12例指尖离断进行再植,成活11例,坏死1例,效果满意.报告如下.     

仅吻合动脉的末节及指尖断指再植手术

目的：设法增加离断指体间的接触面积,提高仅吻合动脉的末节及指尖断指再植的成活率。方法：将离断指近端指骨短缩1－2mm,缝合皮肤时使远端指体套入近端指体内1－2mm,增加斜型离断伤的斜面;用“Z”形缝合创面的皮肤,应用V－Y皮瓣推进覆盖创面。结果：再植46指,术后成活42指,随访3－18个月,再植指的长度与健侧相似,指甲正常生长,指端痛温觉恢复,两点辨别觉3－6mm。结论：手术方法缩短再植手术时间,减少术后护理工作量及术后出血量。     

儿童微指尖再植8例

目的 探讨儿童微指尖再植的临床疗效。方法 2018年6月-2019年12月,对8例8指儿童微指尖离断伤进行吻合血管的再植治疗。所有患儿急诊清创后行再植术,术后常规采用拔甲放血治疗,2例出现静脉危象,行小切口放血治疗重建静脉回流。结果 8例8指儿童微指尖再植均全部成活,6例常规采用甲床放血治疗,2例采用小切口放血治疗,1例出现皮缘坏死,经换药后愈合。治疗时间5～7d,平均6.5 d。随访3～12个月,再植指体均发育良好,两点辨别觉5～7 mm,再植指功能恢复良好。结论儿童微指尖离断比较特殊,恰当的手术方式可提高成活率,从而获得良好的治疗效果。     

Indications and surgical techniques for digit replantation

Finger amputations are devastating, life-changing injuries. They can occur from many different types of injury, but most often are caused by power tools or machinery in the workplace. Modern microvascular surgical techniques have enabled surgeons to successfully reattach fingers that have been amputated at almost level of injury. Patient outcome and digit viability have improved as surgeons have gained more experience with microvascular techniques, and have narrowed the operative indications for replantation. Currently, replantation is recommended for amputated thumbs, multiple digit amputations, and single digit amputations distal to the FDS insertion, as well as all amputations in children. Replantation surgery is technically demanding. Success relies on patient selection, meticulous operative technique, and postoperative monitoring. Most patients have successful outcomes with at least protective sensation and useful range of motion in the replanted digit. Though complications, including joint stiffness, tendon adhesions, malunion, and cold intolerance are not infrequent, patient satisfaction following replantation is high.     

指尖再植300指的临床研究

目的介绍指尖再植的手术要点。方法对300指指尖离断进行再植,分别采用顺行法或逆行法,尽可能的吻合指动脉及掌侧指静脉。结果本组成活290指,成活率为98%。术后随访6～36个月,指体外形良好,感觉已基本正常,两点辨别觉为3～5mm。结论熟悉指尖部动静脉的解剖和高质量的血管吻合技术是保证再植成功的关键。     

Results of replantation of amputated fingertips in 450 patients

Over a 15-year period (August, 1988 to May 2003), the authors have carried out 510 replantations of amputated fingertips distal to the nail base (zone I) in 450 patients, with a high overall survival rate (92 percent), using combinations of arterial and venous anastomoses without any alternative methods such as "pocketing." Replantations that anastomosed only one artery (25 digits) had a success rate of 68 percent, one artery and one vein (115 digits) had a success rate of 82 percent, one artery and two veins (240 digits) had a success rate of 95 percent and more than two artery and vein anastomoses (130 digits), had a success rate of 99 percent. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 14 years and 432 patients were followed-up more than 6 months. In these latter patients, the average two-point discrimination was 7 mm.     

挤压性断指再植的几个技术问题探讨

目的探讨手指挤压离断再植的手术方法及影响成活的因素和对策。方法对65例82指挤压指完全离断的病例进行再植，为提高手术的成功率，术中尽可能多的吻合指背及指掌侧静脉，对血管挫伤严重的手指采用血管移植、血管神经束转位、带血管皮瓣转移等方法进行再植修复；根据术后血小板活化的程度或临床表现，用适量尿激酶以纠正高血凝状态，以提高毛细血管的灌注。结果82个断指中成活78指，成活率95．1％，42例得到随访，随访时间6个月～3年，平均1年5个月，手指外形及感觉、运动功能恢复满意。按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定，优52指，良21指，差5指，优良率93．6％。结论挤压伤断指只要手指外形未完全破坏，远端可寻见能吻合的血管，通过血管移植、血管神经束转位、静脉皮瓣转移等方法，应尽可能的进行再植修复，有较高的再植成活率。     

再次肝切除术的适应证及外科技术

再次肝切除术是指肝肿瘤行手术切除治疗后,肿瘤复发需再次行肝切除治疗的手术.良性肝肿瘤手术切除治疗后肿瘤复发者并不多见,现重点讨论原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤行肝切除术后肿瘤复发需再次行肝切除治疗的问题,尤其是再次肝切除术治疗复发性肝细胞癌的问题.     

Avulsive amputations of the thumb: Comparison of replantation techniques

Twenty-five cases of avulsive amputation of the thumb are reported. Twenty-one of the 25 cases were categorized as Grade I avulsions (little or no skin defect) and four were categorized as Grade II avulsions complicated by a large skin defect. Three different replantation techniques were used and compared: (1) direct vessel anastomosis, (2) arterial anastomosis between the superficial branch of the radial artery and distal end of the thumb, and (3) arterial anastomosis after artery transfer from other digits. The authors concluded that direct vessel anastomosis was not the preferred method and that technique 2 could be used in any case but was especially suited to Grade II reconstructions. Technique 3 is mainly used in Grade I avulsions. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.