人工晶状体前膜形成与晶状体襻固定位置的关系

目的 探讨人工晶状体前膜形成与晶状体支撑襻固定位置之间的关系。方法 对45例45只眼老年性白内障行白内障出及人工晶体植入术后人工晶状体前膜形成进行回顾性分析术中人工晶状体襻固定的位置。结果 人工晶状体襻固定于囊袋内1只眼；不对称囊袋和睫状体沟内固定26只眼；18只眼为完全睫状体沟内固定。结论 人工晶状体襻不完全睫状体沟内固定是前膜形成的因素之一，而囊袋内固定人工晶状体则可减少人工晶状体前膜的形成。     

人工晶状体前膜形成与支撑襻位置关系探讨

目的：探讨人工晶状体前膜形成与支撑襻固定位置之间的关系。方法：将５０例５０只眼老年性白内障行白内障摘出术按人工晶状体置部位，分为（１）晶状体支撑襻囊袋内（３５只眼），（２）不对称囊袋和睫状沟内（１１只眼）及（３）完全睫状沟内（４只眼）三组进行观察分析前膜形成情况。结果：第一组中无前膜形成，而后两组中均有不同程度的前膜形成。结论：支撑襻睫状沟内固定是前膜形成的易患因素之一。     

人工晶狀體前膜形成與晶狀體襻固定位置的關系

目的探討人工晶狀體前膜形成與晶狀體支撑襻固定位置之間的關系.方法對45例45祗眼老年性白内障行白内障摘出及人工晶體植入術後人工晶狀體前膜形成進行回顧性分析術中人工晶狀體襻固定的位置.結果人工晶狀體襻固定于囊袋内1祗眼;不對稱囊袋和睫狀體溝内固定26祗眼;18祗眼為完全睫狀體溝内固定.結論人工晶狀體襻不完全睫狀體溝内固定是前膜形成的因素之一,而囊袋内固定人工晶狀體則可减少人工晶狀體前膜的形成.     

囊袋内人工晶状体偏心的临床观察

目的观察囊袋内植入人工晶状体的偏心状况及囊袋变化,探讨发生机理。方法选择96例（96只眼）老年性白内障患者,术中囊袋内植入人工晶状体,根据植入类型分为：A组14只眼（折叠型）、B组34只眼（硬质硬襻型）和C组48只眼（硬质软襻型）,在术后2～4个月观察比较各组人工晶状体的偏心距离,以及偏心与前囊膜形态的关系。结果A组、B组和C组偏心≥0．5mm的发生率分别为50％、19％、15％,A组与其他两组的差异有统计学意义（x2=4．02和4．84,P〈0．05）,偏心≥1．0mm的发生率分别为21％、6％、3％,两两比较统计学差异不显著。偏心≥0．5mm的人工晶状体中有81％前囊膜未完全遮盖光学部,有24％形成囊膜夹持,人工晶状体向前囊膜遮盖较宽或皱缩明显的方位偏移并基本与两襻支撑方向相垂直。结论囊袋皱缩是造成囊袋内人工晶状体偏心的主要原因,张力不适宜的襻和不规则的撕囊都可能造成术后囊袋不对称皱缩导致偏心,术中应采取相应的预防措施。     

囊袋内白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的临床分析

探讨囊袋内白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的手术方式，术后并发症及优点，方法６０例白内障行开信封式前囊截开，囊袋内白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术。结果７８眼中７６眼人工晶状体固定在囊袋内，２眼因后囊破裂，行睫状沟固定人工晶状体植入。     

人工晶状体囊袋夹持固定法在后囊破裂中的应用

目的观察囊袋夹持固定法植入人工晶状体治疗白内障手术中晶状体后囊破裂的效果。方法通过完全居中的、大小适宜的前囊连续环行撕囊，利用囊袋夹持固定法(人工晶状体光学部完全植入囊袋内而2个袢位于前囊前表面)使人工晶状体达到稳定的囊袋固定，以处理白内障手术中发生的后囊破裂。分别对接受囊袋夹持法的13眼老年性白内障患者、4眼外伤性白内障患者、3眼先天性白内障患者进行随访观察。结果术后随访平均视力大于等于0．5的患者17眼(85％)，夹持于囊袋的人工晶状体能够保持良好、稳定的居中位置，后囊破裂的大小稳定，所有术眼均未出现人工晶状体相关的葡萄膜反应。结论在后囊破裂较大，无法将人工晶状体植入囊袋内时，可以利用前囊撕囊孔进行囊袋内夹持固定法固定人工晶状体。良好的前囊连续环行撕囊不仅可以保证手术的安全性，而且是囊袋夹持法固定人工晶状体的必要条件。     

虹膜拉钩辅助的超声乳化联合囊袋内人工晶状体缝襻固定术治疗晶状体半脱位

目的评价虹膜拉钩辅助的超声乳化联合囊袋内人工晶状体缝襻固定术治疗合并晶状体半脱位的白内障的安全性及手术效果。方法选取2010年1月至2011年1月间在我院接受手术治疗的合并晶状体半脱位的白内障患者13例(14只眼),术中不使用囊袋张力环,进行虹膜拉钩辅助的超声乳化联合囊袋内人工晶状体缝襻固定术治疗。随诊至术后6个月,观察术后视力及并发症的发生情况等。结果所有患者手术中均无晶状体后囊破裂、晶状体核块下沉或明显玻璃体脱出,人工晶状体均位于囊袋内,人工晶状体及囊袋位置良好、居中。所有患者术后视力均有明显提高,随访至6个月时,裸眼视力0.3～0.4者7例(7只眼)0,.5～0.6者5例(6只眼),0.8～1.0者1例(1只眼),无低于0.3者。人工晶状体位置良好,无特殊并发症发生。结论虹膜拉钩辅助的超声乳化联合囊袋内人工晶状体缝襻固定术对合并晶状体半脱位的白内障进行治疗安全、可靠、经济,效果良好。     

应用超声生物显微镜观察后房型人工晶体植入术后的房角改变

目的用超声生物显微镜观察老年性白内障囊外摘除术及后房型人工晶体植入术后房角的变化及相关因素。方法用超声生物显微镜观察老年性白内障囊外摘除术及后房型人工晶体植入术后,３１例（４１只眼）的房角改变。结果虹膜周边前粘连６只眼,瞳孔变形１２只眼,均与人工晶体襻的位置有关;并非所有非囊袋内固定的人工晶体襻均位于睫状体沟;术后残留的晶体皮质,术后３个月仍存留,较多晶体皮质的残留可引起周边虹膜膨隆、房角变窄。结论后房型人工晶体植入术后房角的改变与人工晶体襻的位置及残留的晶体皮质有关;建议尽可能采用囊袋内植入人工晶体,避免过多的晶体皮质残留。     

后房型人工晶状体植入术后的超声生物显微镜观察

目的：探讨后房型人工晶状体植入术后眼前节结构的改变。确切定位人工晶状体襻的位置。观察人工晶状体襻对于周围组织的影响。方法：白内障摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术的50名患者（50眼）于术前，术后1周及三个月进行超声生物显微镜观察。结果：术后前房深度，房角宽度押送术前显著增加。人工晶状体中囊袋内植入者36枚（72%）。睫状沟植入者6枚（12%），不对称植入者8枚（16%）。人工晶状体光学部倾斜1眼（2%）。人工晶状体襻推挤虹膜根部2眼（4%）。人工晶状体襻睫状沟侵蚀3眼（6%）。术后1周2眼（4%）眼压升高。皮质少量残留5眼（10%）。结论：囊袋内为后房型人工晶状体植入的理想位置。可保证人工晶状体的良好位置。避免人工晶状体襻对于色素膜组织的干扰及对血-房水屏蔽的损伤，从而减少并发症的发生。     

超声乳化白内障吸除术后晶状体囊膜的变化

目的　观察超声乳化白内障吸除术后晶状体囊膜的变化及其对人工晶状体位置的影响 ,探讨术后晶状体前囊膜与人工晶状体光学面的最佳位置关系。方法　散大瞳孔 ,在裂隙灯显微镜下观察 12 7例 (14 1只眼 )以约 5mm直径连续环形撕囊行超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术患者术后 3个月后晶状体前、后囊膜及人工晶状体位置的变化。结果　全部术眼晶状体前囊膜撕囊口边缘均形成白色环状Soemmering环 ,晶状体囊袋塌陷 ,前囊膜与人工晶状体光学面形成无夹持 (6 8只眼 )、部分夹持 (5 2只眼 )及完全夹持 (2 1只眼 ) 3种位置关系。其中完全夹持术眼晶状体后囊膜中央视轴区混浊的发生率 (47 6 % )明显高于无夹持术眼 (11 7% )和部分夹持术眼 (2 1 2 % ) ,差异均有显著意义 (P<0 0 5 ) ;无夹持术眼 (91 2 % )和完全夹持术眼 (81 0 % )人工晶状体正位率明显高于部分夹持术眼(42 3% ) ,差异均有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术后晶状体囊膜可发生不同变化 ,其中晶状体前囊膜撕囊口边缘全部位于人工晶状体光学面上 ,是保证术后晶状体后囊膜透明和人工晶状体正位的最佳位置关系。     

Location and composition of haptics of posterior chamber intraocular lenses. Histopathologic study of postmortem eyes

Of 110 eyes with posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) examined postmortem, 37% had both haptics outside of the capsular bag; 57% had one haptic in the capsular bag and the other haptic outside of the bag. Typically, these optics were decentered by 1 to 2 mm. Only six eyes (5%) had both haptics within the capsular bag. Erosion into the ciliary sulcus produced obliteration of the major arterial circle of the iris in 12 eyes (11%). The local tissue response to eroding haptics was similar for haptics composed of polypropylene and haptics composed of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The authors found considerable discrepancy between the actual location of haptics and the surgeon's desired location (i.e., capsular bag or ciliary sulcus). Most of these cases were clinically successful.     

后囊破损的Ⅱ期后房型人工晶体植人术

目的探讨后囊破损Ⅱ期后房型人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法对２２例（２２只眼）后囊破损的白内障术后患者,根据后囊破损的大小和位置,分别采用睫状沟或囊袋内固定和缝线睫状沟单襻或双襻固定的Ⅱ期后房型人工晶体植入术。结果后囊破损的Ⅱ期后房型人工晶体植入术术后矫正视力≥０．５者占５９．１％（１３例）,术后前房及人工晶体表面渗出者占２２．７％（５例）,而同期所做的后囊破损的Ⅰ期后房型人工晶体植入术者术后矫正视力≥０．５者占４０％,术后前房及晶体表面渗出者占４０％。结论后囊破损的白内障患者,在破损的范围不能确定或范围过大时,主张选择Ⅱ期后房型人工晶体植入术。     

Incidence of secondary cataract in sulcus versus capsular bag fixation of posterior chamber lenses]

We present a retrospective study on the incidence of visually impairing secondary posterior capsule opacification following fixation of an intraocular lens implant either in the ciliary sulcus or the capsular bag. One hundred patients in each group were evaluated 3 1/2 to 3 3/4 years following uncomplicated extracapsular cataract extraction. Only implants with convex-plane optics and forward angulated haptics were used. The incidence of capsular opacification was 20% in eyes with sulcus fixation as opposed to 14% for those with capsular bag fixation. This difference was statistically not significant. The difference in average postoperative interval until development of the secondary cataract (21 months for sulcus, 28 months for capsular bag fixation) or the age of patients with capsular opacification was statistically not significant either. However, it was noted that of the younger patients, between 40 and 50 years at the time of operation, only those with sulcus fixated implants developed secondary cataracts.     

Histologic findings after successful posterior chamber lens implantation

The eyes of a 50-year-old diabetic hypertensive woman who had had successful bilateral cataract surgery with posterior chamber lens implantation were examined post mortem. On gross examination, each eye was found to contain a Simcoe-style C-loop lens with its optic centered satisfactorily and its inferior loop in the capsular bag. In the right eye the superior loop was in the ciliary sulcus; in the left eye most of the superior loop was in the ciliary sulcus but its distal end was in the capsular bag. Histologic sections confirmed the location of the haptics.     

Secondary intraocular lens implantation in children

PURPOSE: We describe a technique for secondary intraocular lens implantation in the ciliary sulcus in patients with congenital cataract or with primary aphakia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Secondary intraocular lens implantation was performed in 119 eyes of 74 children. The average age at this procedure was 6.8 (range 22 months to 10 years), whereas the average age at primary cataract surgery was 18 weeks (range 7 weeks to 19 months). The average follow-up was 5.7 years. All eyes received a PMMA IOL. The sites of IOL fixation was ciliary sulcus. All patients had cataract extraction (lensectomy) via the pars plana, leaving in situ peripheral collarette of capsular bag to enable secondary lens implantation. RESULTS: Complications included IOL dislocation in five eyes, visual axis opacification in four, pupillary capture in one eye. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary IOL implantation in the ciliary sulcus is a safe and effective method to correct aphakia in pediatric patients with adequate capsular support. This surgical procedure is associated with a low rate of complications.     

人工晶状体囊袋内缝线睫状沟固定术的临床应用

目的:观察探讨人工晶状体囊袋内缝线睫状沟固定术的临床应用、手术方法及效果。方法:对19例19眼伴晶状体不全脱位和4例4眼超声乳化术或手法小切口囊外摘除术中误吸囊袋或其他操作致局限性悬韧带离断的白内障患者(悬韧带离断≥3个钟点位～≤6个钟点位14眼,>6个钟点位～≤9个钟点位者9眼),行计划性或术中一期人工晶状体囊袋内缝线睫状沟固定术。结果:所有患者经过6～36mo的随访,视力稳定;人工晶状体位置:正常者17眼,轻度倾斜者2眼,偏中心者4眼,瞳孔不圆者4眼,患者均无不良主诉;4眼后囊膜轻度混浊,未做处理;无固定缝线松解脱落及囊袋皱缩发生。结论:人工晶状体囊袋内缝线睫状沟固定术对伴有晶状体不全脱位、悬韧带形态异常、功能缺陷的白内障病例,临床效果好,费用低,可替代人工囊袋内张力环。     

Pathology report on the foldable silicone posterior chamber lens

The eyes of an 89-year-old male were obtained for postmortem examination five months after implantation of a foldable silicone elastic lens implant. Two months after surgery, the implant had been repositioned from capsular bag to ciliary sulcus fixation to correct postoperative decentration and tilt. Pathological examination showed both haptics located in the ciliary sulcus. There was no significant inflammatory reaction in the adjacent uveal tissue and no erosion of the haptics into the iris or ciliary body.     

Implantation of scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses

A surgical technique for implanting a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes without capsular or zonular support is presented. A 10-0 polypropylene suture attached to a standard needle is tied to the apex of each haptic and passed transclerally through the ciliary sulcus to secure the haptics at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock meridians. This technique produced good visual results in six aphakic patients who were contact lens intolerant, two patients in whom capsular or zonular rupture at the time of cataract surgery precluded standard nonsuture fixation techniques, one patient who had intracapsular cataract extraction for a subluxated, cataractous lens, and one patient who had secondary IOL implantation in combination with penetrating keratoplasty for aphakic bullous keratopathy. Advantages over other techniques of posterior chamber lens implantation in the absence of capsular support include technical ease, avoidance of iris fixation, and more precise placement of scleral fixation sutures, thus minimizing IOL decentration.     

开放囊袋-IOL单襻睫状沟固定术治疗先天性晶状体半脱位

目的:探讨开放囊袋-人工晶状体(IOL)单襻睫状沟固定术治疗先天性晶状体半脱位的安全性和有效性.方法:收集2011-03-01/2013-12-31影响视力的先天性晶状体半脱位患者10例13眼,做角巩膜缘隧道切口,环形撕囊后,使用虹膜拉钩,固定脱位晶状体,完成超声乳化手术.植入IOL,剪开晶状体脱位一侧囊袋,翻转前囊,上襻位于囊袋内,下襻单针经缝合固定于睫状沟.结果:所有患者最佳矫正视力均不同程度提高,IOL稳定,没有进展性偏位.结论:虹膜拉钩可以稳定脱位的晶状体,使超声乳化手术顺利完成.开放下方囊袋,IOL呈半游离状态,下襻睫状沟缝合固定可维持IOL的长期稳定,避免囊袋进行性偏移,造成IOL偏位.