计时“起立-行走”测验评估脑卒中患者功能性步行能力的信度和同时效度

目的：评估脑卒中患者的移动能力是康复医学重要内容。研究脑卒中患者计时“起立-行走”测试的信度和同时效度，为临床评定提供客观依据。方法：解放军总医院康复医学科收治47例脑卒中偏瘫患者，均符合第四届全国脑血管病会议通过的诊断标准，意识清晰，可接受动作行指令，可独立或在监视下步行20m以上，排除下肢全关节置换术后、严重关节炎而影响步行者以及存在其他限制下肢活动的合并症者。有5位医师参与，其中2位医师评估47例脑卒中偏瘫患者的计时“起立-行走”的测试作为评测者间信度研究，患者在同一时间段内被同一医师再评估1次，以作为评测者内信度研究。由另3位医师共同利用Berg平衡量表(BBS)，FIM和最大步行速度测量评估患者的平衡功能、日常生活能力和步行速度作为效标尺度，进行同时效度的研究。结果：在信度方面，在同一评定者的两次评定结果之间高度相关ICC=0.982(95％CI:0.901—0．992)；不同评定者的同一次评定结果之间也高度相关ICC=0．984(95％ CI：0．889～0．995)，同时在效度方面．计时“起立-行走”测试与BBS，FIM和最大步行速度之间有较好的相关性(r=-0．914～-0.646，P&;lt;0．001)。结论：计时“起立-行走”测试方法用于评定脑卒中患者的功能性步行能力方面具有良好的信度和效度，可供国内同行在进行功能性步行定量评定时选用。     

计时起立行走与最大步行速度评估脑卒中步行功能的对比分析

目的 探讨脑卒中患者计时起立行走测试（TUGT）、最大步行速度测试（MWST）与步态时-空参数之间的相关性。 方法 选取脑卒中患者22例,由同一名专业人员分别对其进行TUGT、MWST和步态时-空参数评测,并采用Pearson相关系数分析TUGT和MWST测试与步态时-空参数的相关性。 结果 22例患者的TUGT和MWST测试结果分别为(18.57±7.41)s和（1.59±0.53）m/s。MWST与步长、步速和步宽呈显著正相关性（P<0.05）,TUGT与步长、步速呈显著的相关性（P<0.05）;同时,TUGT与MWST呈显著负相关（r＝-0.712,P<0.05）。 结论 TUGT和MWST均能够有效地评估脑卒中患者的步行运动能力。     

计时"起立-行走"测验评估脑卒中患者功能性步行能力的信度和同时效度

目的评估脑卒中患者的移动能力是康复医学重要内容,研究脑卒中患者计时"起立-行走"测试的信度和同时效度,为临床评定提供客观依据.方法解放军总医院康复医学科收治47例脑卒中偏瘫患者,均符合第四届全国脑血管病会议通过的诊断标准,意识清晰,可接受动作行指令,可独立或在监视下步行20 m以上,排除下肢全关节置换术后、严重关节炎而影响步行者以及存在其他限制下肢活动的合并症者.有5位医师参与,其中2位医师评估47例脑卒中偏瘫患者的计时"起立-行走"的测试作为评测者间信度研究,患者在同一时间段内被同一医师再评估1次,以作为评测者内信度研究.由另3位医师共同利用Berg平衡量表(BBS),FIM和最大步行速度测量评估患者的平衡功能、日常生活能力和步行速度作为效标尺度,进行同时效度的研究.结果在信度方面,在同一评定者的两次评定结果之间高度相关ICC=0.982(95%CI0.901～0.992);不同评定者的同一次评定结果之间也高度相关ICC=0.984(95%CI0.889～0.995),同时在效度方面,计时"起立-行走"测试与BBS,FIM和最大步行速度之间有较好的相关性(r=-0.914～-0.646,P＜0.001).结论计时"起立-行走"测试方法用于评定脑卒中患者的功能性步行能力方面具有良好的信度和效度,可供国内同行在进行功能性步行定量评定时选用.     

计时起立行走和最大步行速度评估脑卒中患者功能的对比分析

目的:比较计时起立行走(TUG)和最大步行速度测试(MWST)在评估脑卒中患者功能方面的异同,为临床应用提供试验基础。方法:由同一名康复医师对50例脑卒中患者进行TUG、MWST、Berg平衡量表(BBS)、Barthel指数(BI)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评估(FMA)。采用Pearson相关系数分析TUG、MWST与BBS、BI、FMA之间的相关性,ROC曲线分析TUG和MWST的预测效能。结果:TUG、MWST与Berg、BI、FMA上肢得分、FMA下肢得分、FMA总分之间呈显著负相关(P0.05),TUG各项相关系数均大于MWST。TUG预测生活自理、跌倒风险的ROC曲线下面积均显著大于MWST(P0.05)。结论:TUG评估与脑卒中患者平衡功能、运动功能、日常生活活动能力的相关性更佳,在预测患者跌倒风险以及日常生活自理能力方面也优于MWST。     

"起立-行走"计时测试在评定脑卒中患者功能性移动能力中的价值

目的探讨“起立 -行走”计时测试 (TUGT)在评定脑卒中患者功能移动能力中的价值。方法 90例脑卒中患者参与本研究。采用Berg平衡量表 (BBS)、步行速度和功能独立性测量 (FIM )评定患者的平衡、步行速度和功能独立性 ,作为TUGT的效标尺度 ;用受试者工作特征曲线构图法求出判断患者独立步行与否的最佳TUGT临界值。结果TUGT与BBS、FIM和步行速度之间有明显相关性 (r =-0 .92 6— -0 .674,P <0 .0 0 1) ;TUGT值 <10s的患者全部步行独立 ,TUGT值 >2 0s的患者中步行自立群只占 8.3(G ;判断独立步行最佳临界值为 15 .2s ,其敏感性为 89.4% ,特异性为 79.1%。结论TUGT具有良好的信度和效度 ,可反应功能性活动变化的过程。     

"起立-行走"计时测试评价全膝关节置换术近期行走功能

目的:使用"起立-行走"计时测试评价全膝关节置换术后近期行走功能.方法:选用我院2008-2010年治疗的42例膝关节骨性关节炎行全膝关节置换术患者,其中男14例,女28例,年龄62 ～ 72岁,平均60.6岁,随访2 ～ 9个月,平均6.3个月,使用"起立-行走"计时测试评价患者术后的行走功能.结果:术前"起立-行走"计时测试为(54.40 ± 4.63)s,术后为(29.93 ± 2.96)s;术前JOA膝关节治疗效果评分为47.36 ± 6.61,术后为73.33 ± 3.21,通过配对t检验提示,两种评价方法评定行全膝关节置换手术后,可以明显改善膝关节功能.结论:"起立-行走"计时测试可有效评价全膝关节置换术后的行走功能,而且操作简便,值得推广.     

减重步行训练对脑源性步态异常患者步行能力的影响

目的：介绍减重步行训练对脑源性步态异常的治疗作用，并对临床效果做出初步的康复评定。方法：对21例脑卒中或脑损伤后所致步态异常患应用减重步行训练为主的康复治疗，用功能性步行分级、Furl—Meyer量表、Barthel指数评分分别进行康复评定。结果：21例患经治疗后步态异常均取得明显改善，训练前21例患步行分级均≤5级，训练后功能性步行分级为3级患2例，4级患7例，5级患12例。生活质量明显提高(训练前60～41分患7例，60～99分14例，训练后60～41分4例，60～99分11例，100分6例)，差异具有显性意义。结论：减重步行训练是一种安全、有效的治疗脑源性步态异常的方法，在脑功能损伤的康复治疗中有较广泛的应用前景。     

计时"起立-行走"测试在评价脑卒中患者日常生活活动能力中的价值

目的：研究脑卒中患者计时“起立-行走”测试（TUGT）与ADL的关系,为临床提供一种简单易行的评价方法。方法：对46例治疗后恢复步行能力的脑卒中偏瘫患者进行TUGT测试,同时用Barther（BI）指数测定其ADL能力,并对各变量间进行相关统计分析,ROC曲线确定敏感性和特异性均较高的临界值。结果：TUGT与BI呈负相关（-0．534,P〈0．005）。TUGT值判断脑卒中偏瘫患者ADL完全自立的ROC曲线下面积为0．827,P=0．0026,95％可信区间为0．654-1．05,判断步行自立的最佳TUGT临界值为14．9s,其相应敏感性为88．4％,特异性为90．5％。结论：TUGT作为一个筛查和评价工具与BI结合可以更加充分地描述脑卒中患者功能性移动的能力。为临床评定提供客观依据。     

功能性电刺激四肢联动训练对脑卒中患者下肢功能及步行能力的影响

目的:探讨功能性电刺激(FES)四肢联动训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能及步行能力的影响。方法:45例脑卒中患者按照随机数字表分为FES四肢联动组(治疗组)23例和常规康复训练组(对照组)22例,2组均接受常规治疗和康复训练,康复训练为每日1次,每次1 h,每周5次,持续训练8周。治疗组加以选择性刺激患侧下肢肌肉,电极片分别置于股四头肌、腘绳肌、胫前肌、腓肠肌,刺激强度以患者耐受为限,每日1次,每次20 min,每周5次,连续8周。治疗前后测试2组受试者FES四肢联动训练指标(运动总距、总功率及平均电刺激值),进行Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表下肢部分(FMA-L)评分和10 m步行能力测试(10m WT)。结果:治疗后2组运动总距、总功率均较治疗前明显增高(P<0.05),平均电刺激明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组运动总距的增高幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后2组FMA-L评分较治疗前明显增高(P<0.05),且治疗组的增高幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后2组10m WT较治疗前明显减少(P<0.05),且治疗组的减少幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:FES四肢联动训练可以改善脑卒中患者下肢功能,提高步行能力。     

Using the timed up and go test to stratify elderly inpatients at risk of falls

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the Timed Up and Go Test is useful at stratifying acutely unwell elderly inpatients according to their risk for subsequent falls. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Multidisciplinary acute care unit for the elderly at Liverpool Hospital, in Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2388 consecutive admissions to the unit of mean age 82 years. INTERVENTION: The Timed Up and Go, administered on admission to the unit, and two modifications (an ordinal scale and a dichotomous scale, both incorporating patients unable to complete the Timed Up and Go) were evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of falls, and reasons for the inability to complete the Timed Up and Go. RESULTS: During a median length of stay of nine days, 180 patients had at least one fall. The Timed Up and Go was unable to identify those patients who subsequently fell (P = 0.78). When the Timed Up and Go was modified to include the majority of patients unable to complete the test, both the ordinal (range of values 1-8, odds ratio (OR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.03-1.21, P = 0.01) and dichotomous (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.09-2.32, P = 0.02) modifications significantly predicted falls in multivariate analyses. Patients unable to do the Timed Up and Go due to non-physical disability had the highest fall rate (11%), followed by those with physical disability (9%), while those able to do the Timed Up and Go had the lowest fall rate (6%) (P< 0.001). Acutely unwell, immobile patients with dementia and delirium were not at excessive risk of falls. CONCLUSION: In the acute care setting, the value of the Timed Up and Go lies in the inability to complete the test, and the reasons for this inability, rather than the time recorded.     

The timed up & go test: its reliability and association with lower-limb impairments and locomotor capacities in people with chronic stroke

OBJECTIVES: To examine test-retest reliability of the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, its ability to differentiate subjects with chronic stroke from healthy elderly subjects, and its associations with ankle plantarflexor spasticity, ankle muscle strength, gait performance, and distance walked in 6 minutes in subjects with chronic stroke. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University-based rehabilitation center in Hong Kong, China. PARTICIPANTS: Ten healthy elderly subjects and 11 subjects with chronic stroke. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time taken to complete the TUG test was recorded. Plantarflexor spasticity and ankle muscle strength were assessed, respectively, by the Composite Spasticity Scale and a load-cell together with electromyography. Gait parameters and walking endurance were measured respectively by walkway system (GAITRite II) and 6-minute walk test. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated as measures of reliability, and all correlation analyses were conducted using Spearman correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The TUG test showed excellent reliability (ICC>.95). Subjects with chronic stroke had significantly more spastic and weaker plantarflexors, slower walking speeds, and poorer walking endurance when compared with healthy elderly subjects (all P<.003). The strength of the affected ankle plantarflexors (rho=-.860, P<.01), gait parameters (rho range, .620-.900; P<.05), and walking endurance (rho=-.960, P<.01) correlated with TUG scores. CONCLUSIONS: The TUG scores were reliable, were able to differentiate the patients from the healthy elderly subjects, and correlated well with plantarflexor strength, gait performance, and walking endurance in subjects with chronic stroke.     

The L test of functional mobility: measurement properties of a modified version of the timed "up & go" test designed for people with lower-limb amputations

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Walk tests provide essential outcome information when assessing ambulation of individuals with lower-limb amputation and a prosthetic device. Existing tests have limitations such as ceiling effects or insufficient challenge. The objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of data for a clinical measure of basic mobility, the L Test of Functional Mobility (L Test). SUBJECTS: For this methodological study, 93 people with unilateral amputations (74% transtibial, 26% transfemoral; 78% male, 22% female; mean age=55.9 years) were consecutively recruited from an outpatient clinic. Twenty-seven subjects returned for retesting. METHODS: To assess concurrent validity, subjects completed the L Test, Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG), 10-Meter Walk Test, and 2-Minute Walk Test, followed by the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale, Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), and mobility subscale of the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ-MS). Amputation cause and level, walking aid use, automatic stepping, and age variables were used to assess discriminant validity. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients were .96 for interrater reliability and .97 for intrarater reliability, and minimal bias existed upon retesting. The magnitude of concurrent validity correlations (r) was very high between the L Test data and data for other walk tests and fair to moderate between the L Test data and data for self-report measures. The L Test discriminated between all groups as hypothesized. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The L Test is a 20-m test of basic mobility skills that includes 2 transfers and 4 turns. It demonstrated excellent measurement properties in this study.     

应用起立-行走计时测试对住院老年患者进行跌倒风险二级筛查

目的 应用起立-行走计时测试(time up and go test, TUGT)对住院老年患者进行跌倒风险二级筛查,提高Morse跌倒评估量表识别跌倒高风险的能力,准确及时实施干预,减少跌倒事件的发生。 方法 选取Morse跌倒评估量表评估为中、低风险的65岁以上的住院老年患者为研究对象,依据入院时间将其分为对照组(218例)和观察组(283例)。对照组由责任护士在患者入院时对其进行跌倒防范知识宣教,观察组由负责跌倒风险管理的护理组长应用TUGT测试对其进行二级筛查,对TUGT评级为中、重度异常的老年患者视为跌倒高风险患者,按照跌倒高风险实施防跌倒干预措施。结果 对照组跌倒的发生率11.47%显著高于观察组的2.48%(χ²=15.106,P<0.001)。 结论 应用TUGT进行二级筛查,在一定程度上提高了Morse跌倒评估量表预测跌倒风险的能力。     

Expanded timed up and go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls

Faria CD, Teixeira-Salmela LF, Silva EB, Nadeau S. Expanded Timed Up and Go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls.ObjectivesTo investigate the intra- and interrater reliabilities of the Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) test with subjects with stroke and to compare the ETUG scores between subjects with stroke and healthy control subjects.DesignCross-sectional.SettingResearch laboratory.ParticipantsStroke participants (n=48; mean age ± SD, 59.29±15.84y) and healthy controls (n=48), matched by age, sex, and levels of physical activity.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe time spent to complete the ETUG in absolute (s) and ratio values regarding the percentages of the total time. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Student t tests, and 95% confidence intervals were employed to investigate the reliability and differences between the groups (α<.05).ResultsBoth intra- and interrater reliabilities showed significant and excellent results for both groups for the absolute values (0.86≤ICC≤1.00; P<.001) and ratio values (0.55≤ICC≤0.99; P<.001). The mean time, in seconds, for all of the ETUG activities was higher for the subjects with stroke than for the control subjects (3.15≤t≤5.78; P<.001). However, when the comparisons considered the ratio values, no significant differences between the groups were found (0.45≤t≤1.15; 0.25≤P≤0.65). These results were confirmed by the 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsSubjects with stroke spent more time in all of the ETUG activities when compared with control subjects. All of the activities appeared to contribute similarly to the poorer performances observed in subjects with stroke, because the ratio values were similar between the groups. Considering the positive intra- and interrater reliability results, the ETUG could be applied to assess the functional mobility of both groups.