饮食诱导肥胖抵抗和肥胖大鼠血中激素水平的比较

目的　研究饮食诱导肥胖抵抗 (DIO R)和肥胖 (DIO)大鼠血中胰岛素、瘦素 (leptin)和神经肽Y(NPY)水平的差别。方法　采用 5 0只健康雄性SD大鼠 ,随机分为基础组和高脂组 ,分别用基础饲料和高脂饲料喂养 13周 ,然后根据体重筛选出DIO R和DIO组 ,观察体重、摄食量和体脂含量的变化 ,放免法测血清胰岛素、leptin和血浆NPY含量。结果　DIO R大鼠体重、摄食量和体脂含量均明显低于DIO大鼠 (P <0 0 5 ) ;血清胰岛素、血浆NPY含量显著低于DIO大鼠 (P <0 0 5 ) ;高脂饲料使大鼠血清leptin水平明显增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但DIO R与DIO大鼠间无明显差别 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　高脂饲料能够诱导SD大鼠发生肥胖和肥胖抵抗 ,胰岛素 leptin NPY反馈环的平衡在肥胖抵抗的发生中起重要作用。     

1,3-甘油二酯减肥降血脂功能的研究

目的:研究1,3-甘油二酯对大鼠的减肥和降血脂作用。方法:将动物分成五组:甘油三酯 (TAG)低脂组,TAG高脂对照组,1,3-甘油二酯(DAG)高剂量,DAG中剂量,DAG低剂量组。大鼠喂养6 w,每周称体重,实验结束大鼠腔静脉取血,检测血清中血脂水平;将大鼠内脏脂肪全部取出,计算Lee’s指数和脂体比。结果:TAG高脂组大鼠体重从第2 w开始与TAG低脂组有明显差异;从第3 w开始,DAG高剂量,中剂量组的大鼠体重明显低于TAG高脂组。TAG低脂组以及DAG三剂量组的Lee’s指数和脂体比均显著低于TAG高脂组。与TAG高脂组比较,DAG高剂量,中剂量组可显著降低血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白B的水平,明显提高血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平,而DAG低剂量组的各指标和对照组比均无显著差异。五组大鼠的血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平无显著差异。结论:1,3-甘油二酯具有减肥和降血脂的功能并且不损伤肝功能。     

胰岛素抵抗和肥胖不同易感性的关系研究

目的研究高脂饲料饮食诱导肥胖不同易感性大鼠在形成胰岛素抵抗中的差异。方法健康雄性SD大鼠采用高脂饲料1(脂肪供能占45%)喂养3w后,按体重由高到低排序后分为三组:位于体重中间1/3的大鼠为对照组,改为喂饲基础饲料(脂肪供能占10%);位于体重上1/3的大鼠进入肥胖组,位于体重下1/3的大鼠进入肥胖抵抗组,此两组喂饲高脂饲料2(脂肪供能占60%)。分别于实验的3、6、8、10、11w末各组随机处死5只大鼠,动态监测各组大鼠体重、体脂含量、血脂、血糖、胰岛素和瘦素的变化趋势。结果肥胖组在能量摄入、体脂含量、血糖、血脂、血清胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数和瘦素水平上都与肥胖抵抗组和对照组有显著性差异。结论在同样的高脂饲料诱导下,肥胖大鼠比肥胖抵抗大鼠更易形成胰岛素抵抗。     

断乳后不同饲料构成对高脂膳食大鼠肥胖发生的影响

目的研究断乳后不同饲料构成对高脂膳食大鼠肥胖发生的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠出生后24天断乳,按体重随机分为A、B、C三组,分别给予高碳水化合物供能的基础饲料、高蛋白质供能饲料和高不饱和脂肪供能饲料。3周后均转为基础饲料。2周后再按体重将A组分为A1、A2两组,A1组继续基础饲料,A2、B、C组则转为以猪油为主的高脂膳食,6周后结束实验。分别在不同处理期末每组随机处死8只动物,称重、留取脂肪组织,计算脂体比,采血检测血糖、血脂和激素指标。结果断乳后喂饲高不饱和脂肪饲料可以显著降低高脂膳食大鼠的体重、体脂肪含量和脂体比(P<0.05),显著降低胰岛素水平、提高胰岛素敏感性(P<0.05),显著增加胰高血糖素、甲状腺激素等促脂解激素的水平(P<0.05),增加瘦素敏感性(P<0.05),改善高脂膳食大鼠的瘦素抵抗。早期喂饲高蛋白质饲料也有一定的降低体重、体脂肪含量和促脂解作用趋势,但是该组的血糖值高于A2组。结论断乳后给予高不饱和脂肪饲料可以显著抑制高脂膳食大鼠的肥胖发生。     

高脂饲料诱导肥胖及肥胖抵抗大鼠的瘦素、胰岛素水平

目的:探讨高脂饲料肥胖诱导大鼠的瘦素、胰岛素水平与肥胖抵抗的关系。方法:将50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为肥胖诱导组和正常对照组,分别喂以高脂饲料和基础饲料8周,观察体脂含量的变化,第8周末根据体重增加量筛选出膳食诱导肥胖(DIO)组大鼠和膳食诱导肥胖抵抗(DIO-R)组大鼠,采用酶法测定血脂4项,酶联免疫法测定瘦素和胰岛素水平并进行比较。结果:高脂饲料喂养导致肥胖组和肥胖抵抗组大鼠的血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、瘦素和胰岛素水平均显著高于正常对照组,也使肥胖组大鼠体重显著高于肥胖抵抗组与正常对照组大鼠,肥胖抵抗组大鼠体重和正常对照组比较没有差异。结论:高脂饲料诱导肥胖抵抗大鼠不易产生瘦素抵抗和胰岛素抵抗,但伴有一定程度的血脂代谢紊乱。     

Fish Oil Enriched n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet-Caused Dyslipidemia,Excessive Fat Accumulation,and Weight Control in Rats

Low-carbohydrate and high-fat diets have been used for body weight (BW) control, but their adverse effects on lipid profiles have raised concern. Fish oil (FO), rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has profound effects on lipid metabolism. We hypothesized that FO supplementation might improve the lipid metabolic disturbance elicited by low-carbohydrate and high-fat diets. Male SD rats were randomized into normal control diet (NC), high-fat diet (HF), and low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LC) groups in experiment 1, and NC, LC, LC + 5% FO (5CF), and LC + 10% FO diet (10CF) groups in experiment 2. The experimental duration was 11 weeks. In the LC group, a ketotic state was induced, and food intake was decreased; however, it did not result in BW loss compared to either the HF or NC groups. In the 5CF group, rats lost significant BW. Dyslipidemia, perirenal and epididymal fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis, and increases in triglyceride and plasma leptin levels were observed in the LC group but were attenuated by FO supplementation. These findings suggest that a ketogenic low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet with no favorable effect on body weight causes visceral and liver lipid accumulation. FO supplementation not only aids in body weight control but also improves lipid metabolism in low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-fed rats.     

Dietary chickpeas reverse visceral adiposity, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance in rats induced by a chronic high-fat diet

The improved effects of dietary chickpeas on visceral adiposity, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance were examined. Rats were fed a normal-fat diet (NFD), a high-fat diet (HFD) or a high-fat plus chickpea diet (HFD+CP) for 8 months. The epididymal fat pad weight v. total body weight of rats was higher in the HFD group (0.032 (sd 0.0042) g/g) than in the NFD group (0.015 (sd 0.0064) g/g) and smaller in the HFD+CP group (0.023 (sd 0.0072) g/g) compared with the HFD group (P < 0.05). Chickpea treatment also induced a favourable plasma lipid profile reflecting decreased TAG, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL-C:HDL-cholesterol levels (P < 0.05). HFD-fed rats had higher TAG concentration in muscle and liver, whereas the addition of chickpeas to the HFD drastically lowered TAG concentration (muscle, 39 %; liver, 23 %). The activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in epididymal adipose tissue and hepatic TAG lipase in liver recorded a 40 and 23 % increase respectively in HFD rats compared with those in NFD rats; dietary chickpeas completely normalised the levels. Furthermore, chickpea-treated obese rats also showed a markedly lower leptin and LPL mRNA content in epididymal adipose tissue. An insulin tolerance test, oral glucose tolerance test and insulin-releasing test showed that chickpeas significantly improved insulin resistance, and prevented postprandial hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia induced by the chronic HFD. The present findings provide a rational basis for the consumption of chickpeas as a functional food ingredient, which may be beneficial for correcting dyslipidaemia and preventing diabetes.     

高脂饮食对大鼠胃促生长素表达的影响

目的研究高脂饮食对大鼠胃促生长素(ghrelin)表达的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠9只喂以基础饲料作为对照组(CF),27只喂以高脂饲料15w产生饮食诱导肥胖大鼠(DIO)14只和饮食诱导肥胖抵抗大鼠(DIO–R)7只,再将DIO大鼠随机分为两组,一组改用基础饲料(DIO–HF/LF),另一组继续用高脂饲料(DIO–HF)喂养至23w,对照组和DIO-R组饲料不变。分别于15w和23w末过夜禁食后,次晨采尾血或断头取血,检测空腹血糖和胰岛素含量,取胃底部组织用RT-PCR、免疫印迹方法检测ghrelin表达水平。结果DIO–HF/LF组体重显著低于DIO–HF组而高于CF组(P<0.05);DIO–R组与CF组体重无显著性差异。DIO–HF组胃ghrelin的表达低于DIO–HF/LF及CF组,与DIO–R组无显著性差异,DIO–HF/LF和CF组间无显著性差异。结论高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠可通过降低胰岛素敏感性来减少ghrelin的表达。肥胖大鼠经过低脂干预后,可改善胰岛素敏感性从而增加胃内ghrelin的表达。高脂饮食诱导的肥胖抵抗大鼠胃内ghrelin表达低于对照组,故认为肥胖抵抗产生的原因之一是ghrelin的低表达限制了能量摄入。     

Effects of high-fat diet intake on glucose uptake in central and peripheral tissues of non-obese rats

We previously demonstrated that plasma glucose concentration was higher while plasma insulin concentration was lower in rats fed a high-fat diet. In the present study, we examined the effects of high-fat diet on glucose uptake in central and peripheral tissues in non-obese rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed high- or low-fat diets for 4 wk. Body weight and body fat accumulation were not different between the two diet groups after 4 wk. Glucose uptake in the skeletal muscles and adipose tissues, estimated by the 2-deoxy-D-glucose method, was lower in the rats fed the high-fat diet than that in the rats fed the low-fat diet, whereas uptake in the liver and pancreas did not differ between the two groups. Glucose uptake in the hypothalamus and cortex was higher in the high-fat diet group as compared with that in the low-fat diet group. These results suggest that increased plasma glucose levels in rats fed the high-fat diet were caused by a decrease in glucose uptake in the skeletal muscles and adipose tissues. Reduced plasma insulin level in the high fat diet group with no difference in glucose uptake in the pancreas may be due to increased sympathetic activity in the pancreas resulting from the increased glucose uptake in the brain regions involved in autonomic functions.     

Dietary intake of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols ameliorates insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet

Objective

Excessive accumulation of visceral fat is strongly associated with insulin resistance. The present investigation examined the effects of dietary intake of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCTs), which have been shown to induce significantly lower visceral fat accumulation in rats and humans, on high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in rats. These effects were then compared with those observed in long-chain triacylglycerol (LCT)-fed rats.

Methods

After an 8-wk feeding of a high-fat diet, which induced severe whole-body insulin resistance, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard diet containing LCTs or MLCTs for 6 wk. After the dietary treatment, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed.

Results

Although body weight and total intra-abdominal fat mass did not differ between the two groups, mesenteric fat weight in the MLCT-fed group was significantly lower than that in the LCT group (P < 0.05). The increase in plasma insulin concentrations, but not in glucose, after glucose administration (area under the curve) was significantly smaller in the MLCT group than in the LCT group (P < 0.01) and was significantly associated with mesenteric fat weight (P < 0.05). MLCT-fed rats had significantly higher plasma adiponectin concentrations compared with LCT rats (P < 0.05). Adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with the area under the curve for plasma insulin (P < 0.05) and tended to be inversely related to mesenteric fat weight (P = 0.08).

Conclusion

These results suggest that dietary intake of MLCTs may improve insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet, at least in part through increased adiponectin concentrations caused by a lower mesenteric fat mass.     

高脂膳食诱导的大鼠肥胖对小肠黏膜糖吸收功能的影响

目的探讨高脂膳食诱导肥胖的发生是否与小肠黏膜糖类消化及吸收功能的改变相关联。方法 46只雄性SD大鼠随机分为高脂组(n=31)与正常对照组(n=15),分别用高脂饲料和基础饲料饲养24周。24周后高脂饲料组大鼠根据体重分为肥胖组(n=16)及肥胖抵抗组(n=10)。测定大鼠的体重及腹腔脂肪湿重、空腹血糖水平、小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶及蔗糖酶活性。免疫组织化学法、RT-PCR法及蛋白质免疫印迹法检测大鼠小肠黏膜中Na+-依赖型葡萄糖转运蛋白(SGLT-1)的表达水平。结果肥胖组大鼠的体重、腹腔脂肪湿重、空腹血糖水平、小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶活性及SGLT-1蛋白表达量显著高于正常对照组及肥胖抵抗组(P<0.05)。3组大鼠小肠黏膜蔗糖酶活性无明显差异(P>0.05)。肥胖组大鼠小肠黏膜SGLT-1 mRNA的表达水平与正常对照组及肥胖抵抗组比较分别增加了12.5%和23%,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论高脂膳食诱导的大鼠肥胖与小肠黏膜中麦芽糖酶活性增强及糖吸收的关键分子SGLT-1的表达增加相关联。     

Octreotide promotes weight loss via suppression of intestinal MTP and apoB48 expression in diet-induced obesity rats

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate the effect of octreotide on the expression of intestinal fat absorption-associated apolipoproteinB48 (apoB48), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and apolipoproteinAIV (apoAIV) in a high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model.MethodsSprague–Dawley rats were placed into a control or high-fat diet group. Obese rats from the high-fat diet group were further divided into an obese group and an octreotide-treated group. Rats in the octreotide-treated group were subcutaneously injected with octreotide (40 μg/kg body weight) twice daily for 8 d. Body weight, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Intestinal MTP, apoB48, and apoAIV expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis.ResultsWe found high-fat diet-induced obesity rats express more apoB, MTP, and apoAIV mRNA as well as apoB48 and MTP protein in the intestine than normal chow-fed rats. This observation occurred along with increased body weight, FPG, TG, TC, fasting serum insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment value. Octreotide intervention significantly decreased body weight and blood parameters, and down-regulated expression of apoB mRNA and apoB48 protein, as well as MTP mRNA and proteins. However, apoAIV mRNA was not significantly different between obese and octreotide-treated rats although it was decreased by 47%.ConclusionHigh-fat diet-induced obesity is associated with increased expression of apoB48, MTP, and apoAIV in the intestine. Octreotide intervention inhibited the overexpression of apoB48 and MTP, and consequently brought about reduced fat absorption and weight loss.     

A high-fructose diet induces hippocampal insulin resistance and exacerbates memory deficits in male Sprague-Dawley rats

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a long-term high-fructose diet on the insulin-signaling pathway of the hippocampus. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either on a control (0% fructose solution) or high-fructose diet (10% fructose solution). Food intake and body mass were measured regularly. Eight months later, peripheral insulin sensitivity, the activity of the hippocampal insulin pathway, and memory tasks were assessed. Compared to the control group, the high fructose group exhibited more weight gain, peripheral insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and memory impairments. In addition, insulin signaling in the hippocampus was attenuated in the high fructose group. These results suggested that a high-fructose diet induced peripheral insulin resistance and an abnormal insulin-signaling pathway in the hippocampus which exacerbated memory deficits in the rats.     

高脂肪膳食对肥胖大鼠学习记忆能力影响

目的探讨高脂肪膳食诱导的肥胖大鼠学习记忆能力变化。方法健康雄性SD大鼠50只,随机选取10只,通过皮下注射D-半乳糖,建立大鼠学习记忆损伤模型,喂基础饲料(阳性对照组),其余动物高脂肪饲料连续喂养2周后,根据体重筛选出基础组大鼠10只,喂基础饲料,其余大鼠继续喂高脂肪饲料,10周后,再根据体重筛选出肥胖大鼠10只,采用Morris水迷宫方法检测大鼠学习记忆能力,处死动物后,测量体脂肪含量,收集血清,检测血脂指标。结果肥胖大鼠体重、肾周脂肪、睾周脂肪、网膜脂肪、体脂肪含量均明显高于基础组大鼠,血脂水平无明显变化;阳性对照组大鼠第3象限平均逃避潜伏期(18.54±2.73) s和总路程(298.60±48.18) cm明显高于基础组[分别为(8.27±1.82) s、(124.85±29.17) cm](P<0.05);与基础组比较,肥胖组大鼠第3象限平均逃避潜伏期和总路程[分别为(9.72±2.19)s、(166.31±37.12) cm]具有升高趋势。各组大鼠穿越平台次数差异无统计学意义。结论高脂肪膳食诱导的肥胖大鼠可能存在学习能力损伤。     

初断乳大鼠锌补充对成年高脂诱导肥胖后胰岛素的影响

目的 探讨初断乳大鼠锌补充对成年期高脂饮食下胰岛素水平的影响,为阐明生命早期适量补锌预防成年后胰岛素抵抗的机制提供重要依据。方法 初断乳雄性SD大鼠85只随机分为基础饲料组和高、中、低锌补充组。锌补充4周后各组均以基础饲料喂养1周,于第5周末检测大鼠血糖、胰岛素水平并计算胰岛素抵抗指数。随后将基础饲料组大鼠随机分为肥胖组和正常对照组,肥胖诱导组及3个锌补充组均喂以高脂饲料。高脂干预8周后处死所有大鼠并检测上述指标。结果 大鼠成年高脂干预后,1)3个锌补充组分别较肥胖诱导组体重明显降低(P＜0.05),高脂饲料喂养后锌补充组体重正常,而肥胖诱导组发生肥胖;2)3个锌补充组分别较肥胖诱导组血糖、胰岛素明显降低(P＜0.05),而胰岛素抵抗指数明显升高(P＜0.05),高脂饲料喂养后锌补充组胰岛素水平正常,而肥胖诱导组产生胰岛素抵抗。结论 生命早期适量补锌可持续发挥作用,在一定程度上维持成年后高脂膳食下血糖和胰岛素处于正常水平,预防胰岛素抵抗发生。     

高钙饲料喂养初断乳大鼠对成年期高脂形成肥胖的影响

目的通过对初断乳大鼠的高钙干预及成年后的高脂干预,探讨初断乳大鼠高钙摄入对成年期肥胖形成的影响。方法初断乳雄性Wistar大鼠120只随机分为正常饲料组和Ⅰ(2%)、Ⅱ(2.5%)、Ⅲ(3%)高钙组。补钙干预4w后,取血检测血清瘦素、胰岛素和甲状旁腺素含量。随后所有大鼠以基础饲料喂养3w,至成年。于第7 w末取血检测上述指标并称量睾周和肾周脂肪组织计算脂/体比。将正常饲料组成年大鼠随机分为正常对照组和肥胖诱导组,肥胖诱导组及三个高钙组均喂以高脂饲料。肥胖诱导8w后处死所有大鼠取血检测上述指标并称量睾周和肾周脂肪组织计算脂/体比。结果高脂干预后三个钙组的体重均低于肥胖诱导组,与正常对照组没有差别;三个高钙组的脂/体比均与正常对照组没有差别;Ⅰ和Ⅱ高钙组的脂/体比明显低于肥胖诱导组;三个高钙组的血清瘦素和胰岛素水平明显低于肥胖诱导组。结论初断乳大鼠的高钙喂养能够持续发挥作用,使其在成年后的高脂膳食期间,机体的瘦素和胰岛素正常分泌,发挥其应有的生理功能,维持体重平衡,改善代谢紊乱。[营养学报,2013,35(2):154-157]     

不同配比高n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸对大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨长期摄入高脂不同n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)构成比的饮食后,大鼠胰岛素敏感性及血清炎症因子表达水平的变化。方法 40只刚断乳雄性SD大鼠适应性喂养7天后,根据体重随机分为4组:空白对照组(基础饲料)、高脂组(猪油)、高脂1∶1组(n-3/n-6为1∶1)和高脂1∶4组(n-3/n-6为1∶4),每组10只。每周记录一次大鼠体重,喂养16周处死动物,检测大鼠血脂、血清胰岛素敏感性和血清炎症因子(IL-6、TNF-α和hs-CRP)表达水平。结果与空白对照组相比,其他3个组体重显著上升(P<0.05);高脂1∶1组胰岛素敏感性与空白对照组比较,差异无显著性,且显著高于高脂组和高脂1∶4组(P<0.05);与高脂组相比,高脂1∶1组血清TNF-α和hs-CRP表达水平显著下降(P<0.05)。结论长期摄取高多不饱和脂肪酸同样具有肥胖风险,提高n-3PUFAs在膳食构成中的比重可以有效抑制炎症因子表达,改善胰岛素敏感性,预防胰岛素抵抗的发生。     

Short-term, high-fat diets lower circulating leptin concentrations in rats

BACKGROUND: Leptin is produced in proportion to body fat mass and can act on the brain to induce satiety and regulate adipose tissue mass; factors other than adipose tissue mass may influence circulating leptin concentrations. OBJECTIVE: We explored the possibility that short-term, moderately high-fat diets induce weight gain by producing inappropriately low circulating leptin concentrations. DESIGN: Female Hooded Wistar rats were fed either a moderately high-fat diet or control diet. Body weight, energy intake, body composition, and fasting plasma leptin were compared after 4 and 14 wk of dietary treatment. RESULTS: After 4 wk, abdominal fat mass was 38% greater in rats fed the high-fat diet than in those fed the control diet (P < 0.01). However, plasma leptin concentrations were 24% lower in animals fed the high-fat diet (P < 0.05), resulting in significantly lower plasma leptin concentrations per unit abdominal fat mass than in control animals (P < 0.005). From 4 to 14 wk, animals fed the high-fat diet gained twice as much weight and consumed 32 kJ/d more than controls (both P < 0.05). At 14 wk, plasma leptin concentrations per unit abdominal fat mass were 27% lower in rats fed the high-fat diet (P = 0.058) and there was a significant negative association between leptin concentrations per unit abdominal fat mass and body weight (r = 0.44, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the short term, a moderately high-fat diet is associated with lower than expected circulating leptin concentrations, which correlate with a higher body weight. A high-fat diet may therefore contribute to weight gain by reducing leptin secretion in adipose tissue.     

饮食诱导肥胖和肥胖抵抗大鼠脂联素水平研究

目的探讨高脂饲料对大鼠内脏脂肪中脂联素表达和血清中脂联素水平的影响及大鼠肥胖易感性差异的机制。方法 80只雄性SD大鼠,按体重随机分为两组:对照组(n=10),基础饲料喂养20w;高脂组(n=70),高脂饲料喂养12w。第12w末,根据体重将高脂组分为饮食诱导肥胖(DIO)和肥胖抵抗(DIO-R)组,继续喂养8w,观察各组大鼠体重、内脏脂肪湿重、体脂比、热能摄入量及能量利用率的差异;用Real Time PCR法测定内脏脂肪脂联素mRNA的表达水平;ELISA法测定血清脂联素水平。结果 DIO组体重、内脏脂肪湿重、体脂比、能量利用率显著高于对照组和DIO-R,而DIO-R除能量的摄入量显著低于对照组外,其他与对照组相比未见显著性差异;DIO大鼠内脏脂肪脂联素mRNA的表达水平显著低于对照组和DIO-R;DIO大鼠血清脂联素水平显著低于DIO-R。结论高脂饲料诱导下,不同肥胖易感性大鼠体内脂联素水平有明显差异性,脂联素可能在肥胖形成过程中扮演重要角色。     

不同高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肝脏骨桥蛋白表达的差异研究

目的探讨富含不同脂肪酸高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肝脏骨桥蛋白(OPN)表达及胰岛素抵抗的差异。方法 100只雄性SD大鼠,分别给予添加猪油(富含饱和脂肪酸)和大豆油(富含多不饱和脂肪酸)的高脂饲料喂养10w,建立肥胖模型,然后分别将猪油喂养的肥胖组(HL)和大豆油喂养的肥胖组(HS)随机分为两组,一组继续原高脂饲料喂养(HL-DIO-HL;HS-DIO-HS)另一组改用低脂基础饲料(LF)喂养(HL-DIO-LF;HS-DIO-LF),对照组始终用基础饲料喂养。每组动物均为6头第18w末处死动物,取血样和组织样。检测各组大鼠肝脏OPN、TNF-αmRNA表达水平,胰岛素及血糖水平和肝脏甘油三酯含量。结果 HL-DIO-HL和HS-DIO-HS组的体重和累计能量摄入无差异(P>0.05),但HL-DIO-HL组的体脂比、胰岛素、HOMA-IR指数、肝脏TG含量以及肝脏OPN mRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平均显著高于HS-DIO-HS组(P<0.05)。HL-DIO-LF和HS-DIO-LF组与其相应高脂组相比,累积能量摄入、体脂比、肝脏TG含量以及肝脏TNF-αmRNA表达水平均显著下降(P<0.05)。结论多不饱和脂肪酸能显著改善肥胖大鼠肝脏炎性反应和胰岛素敏感性。[营养学报,2012,34(6):567-571]