XEN凝胶支架引流装置植入术治疗青光眼

青光眼是主要的致盲眼病之一,眼压越高,视神经损伤越大,降低眼压对于减轻及延缓青光眼病情具有重要的意义,而手术是降低眼压的重要手段。目前青光眼引流装置植入术因其具有安全、有效、并发症较少等优点,已成为治疗青光眼的主要手术方法,在临床得到广泛应用。同时青光眼微创手术的创新和发展使青光眼手术展现出良好的治疗前景。本文分析总结XEN凝胶支架引流装置的结构特点,就XEN凝胶支架引流装置植入术治疗青光眼的作用进行综述。     

Human amniotic membrane transplantation for tube exposure after glaucoma drainage device implantation

We present a case of conjunctival melting over the tube of a glaucoma shunt, which was successfully repaired with amniotic membrane transplantation.     

Ex-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术后无功能滤过泡的处理

目的：探讨针刺分离联合结膜下注射5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)对Ex-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术后的早期功能不良滤过泡的效果和安全性。

方法：回顾性分析在我院行针刺分离联合结膜下注射5-FU治疗Ex-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术后3mo内因滤过泡功能不良而眼压升高患者18例23眼的病例资料,所有患者均随访至治疗后6mo,统计分析治疗前后眼压和滤过泡形态的变化及治疗的相关并发症。

结果：治疗前眼压平均为(24.13±2.94)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),治疗后即刻、1、3、6mo的眼压分别为15.13±4.93、14.98±5.12、15.18±3.77、15.54±5.07mmHg,治疗后各时间点眼压与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访至治疗后6mo功能滤过泡形成率和治疗的总成功率均为83%。4眼(18%)治疗失败。治疗后常见并发症主要是滤泡结膜下出血、角膜上皮损伤,无严重并发症发生。

结论：采用针刺分离并结膜下注射5-FU治疗Ex-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术后早期功能不良滤过泡的患者是一种方便、安全、有效的方法。     

Delayed sterile endophthalmitis after glaucoma drainage implantation

Glaucoma drainage devices are being used with increasing frequency for patients. Sterile endophthalmitis after implantation has been reported. Unlike traditional trabeculectomy surgery, the persistence of an implant may be contributory. As glaucoma specialists consider emerging technologies in implantable glaucoma drainage devices, it is important to understand that sterile endophthalmitis may be associated with these devices.     

青光眼引流装置植入术在治疗难治性青光眼中的作用

难治性青光眼是主要的致盲眼病之一,目前青光眼引流装置植入术已成为治疗难治性青光眼的主要方法,因其具有安全、有效、并发症较少等优点,青光眼引流装置在临床已得到广泛应用.通过近几年大量临床应用与青光眼微创手术的创新发展,青光眼引流装置植入术展现出良好的治疗前景.本文总结分析了青光眼外引流装置(Molteno、Schocket、Baerveldt、国产HAD房水引流物、Krupin、Ahmed、Joseph、Whites、Optimed房水引流物)及青光眼微创手术(Ex-PRESS青光眼引流器、Xen凝胶支架、CyPass微型支架、小梁消融术、Schlemm管支架、iStent引流器、SOLX Gold Shunt等)的结构特点和临床疗效,就青光眼引流装置植入术在治疗难治性青光眼中的作用进行综述.     

Corneal graft survival and intraocular pressure control after penetrating keratoplasty and glaucoma drainage device implantation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate corneal graft survival rates and intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation. DESIGN: Retrospective, comparative, consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: All patients who underwent PK and GDD implantation at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between January 1, 1993 and October 31, 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Graft clarity and IOP control. RESULTS: Of the 72 eyes in 72 patients identified, 47 (65%) underwent combined PK and GDD implantation, and 25 (35%) underwent GDD placement after PK (2-30 months after PK; median, 13 months). The GDD type was Baerveldt 350 mm(2) in 57 eyes, Ahmed in 9, Krupin in 2, and other in 4 eyes. The GDD was placed in the anterior chamber in 54 eyes (75%) and in the vitreous cavity in 18 eyes (25%). Preoperative IOP was 11 to 53 mmHg with or without antiglaucoma medications in 16 eyes (30%) with the GDD implanted in the anterior chamber and in 4 eyes (22%) with the GDD placed in the vitreous cavity (P = 0.76). At 1 year after GDD implantation, the graft was clear in 26 eyes (48%) with the GDD in the anterior chamber compared with 15 eyes (83%) with the GDD in the vitreous cavity (P = 0.013). Forty-eight eyes (89%) with the GDD in the anterior chamber and 18 eyes (100%) with the GDD in the vitreous cavity had IOP between 5 and 21 mmHg with or without antiglaucoma medications (P = 0.33). The mean reduction in IOP, 1 year after surgery, was 12 mmHg among eyes with the GDD in the anterior chamber, compared with 17 mmHg among eyes with the GDD in the vitreous cavity (P = 0.13) CONCLUSIONS: Corneal graft survival at 1 year is significantly higher among eyes with the GDD implanted in the vitreous cavity compared with those in which the GDD is implanted in the anterior chamber. The IOP was significantly lower at 1 year after surgery compared with before surgery in both groups, and there was no significant difference between the groups in IOP control and amount of IOP reduction. There was no significant difference in corneal graft survival or IOP control between eyes with the GDD implanted concurrently with the PK versus after the PK.     

改良Ahmed青光眼阀治疗难治性青光眼

目的探讨改良Ahmed青光眼阀治疗难治性青光眼的有效性和安全性。方法20例（20眼）难治性青光眼行改良的引流装置（Ahmed青光眼阀）植入,术后观察眼压、滤过泡的形成,采用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪Ⅱ（HRT-Ⅱ）随访比较视盘参数。结果术后随访8个月以上,术后末次随访平均眼压与术前平均眼压比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。视盘沿面积（RA,m^2）、盘沿体积（RV,mm^2）、平均神经纤维层厚度（mRNFL,mm）与术前比较均有改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论改良Ahmed青光眼阀植入,术后眼压控制效果明显,改善患眼视盘部分结构参数。     

青光眼引流器植入术在新生血管性青光眼治疗中的疗效观察

目的观察青光眼引流器植入术对新生血管性青光眼的治疗作用。方法回顾性总结33例新生血管性青光眼行青光眼引流器植入术的治疗结果。结果术后眼压控制较好,视力损伤小,并发症少。结论青光眼引流器植入术恢复快,对视力损伤小,对新生血管性青光眼是一种疗效较好的治疗方法。     

青光眼引流器植入术治疗开角型青光眼的临床观察

目的:探讨青光眼引流器植入术治疗开角型青光眼的效果.方法:回顾性分析2014-03/2015-06在我院接受治疗的开角型青光眼患者的临床资料,根据其治疗方式分为引流器植入组和小梁切除术组.观察两组患者手术一般情况,比较两组患者治疗前后视力、眼压情况,观察两组患者并发症发生率的差异.结果:引流器植入组患者手术时间为35.12±3.56min,较小梁切除组短,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者手术前眼压和视力无明显差别,手术后,两组患者的眼压均较手术前降低,且引流器植入组降低更明显,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者术后视力较手术前无明显差别;两组患者术后角膜擦伤和晶状体损伤等并发症发生率均较低,且两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:青光眼引流器植入术对开角型青光眼有较好的治疗效果,且手术时间短,术后并发症发生率低.     

Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术治疗难治性青光眼的疗效及并发症

目的：探讨Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术治疗难治性青光眼的临床疗效及并发症。
　　方法：随机选取本院2013-02/2014-08收治行 Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术治疗的难治性青光眼53例56眼,男39例41眼,女14例15眼,平均年龄52.63±10.58岁;新生血管性青光眼25例26眼,滤过手术失败后青光眼16例18眼,玻璃体切除术后继发青光眼6例6眼以及复杂眼外伤后青光眼6例6眼。观察术后1、12 lo视力、眼压、前房深度、角膜内皮细胞密度及并发症等情况,并与术前进行分析比较。
　　结果：术后12lo,完全成功率为62%(35眼),部分成功率为14%(8眼),总成功率为77%。其中新生血管性青光眼有效率为85%,滤过手术失败后青光眼有效率为56%,复杂眼外伤后青光眼100%,玻璃体切除术后青光眼83%。术后1 lo视力较术前提高者28眼(50%),视力不变18眼(32%),视力降低10眼(18%)。术后12lo视力较术前提高者19眼(34%),视力不变18眼(32%),视力降低19眼(34%)。术前平均眼压29.58±8.66llHg,术后1lo平均眼压12.75±5.66llHg,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中56例患眼眼压均表现为降低(100%)。术后12lo 眼压为9.8~28.4(平均15.42±4.09)llHg,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中眼压较术前增高者2眼,眼压不变0眼,眼压降低54眼(96%)。术后1、12lo 内皮细胞计数分别为1958.22±168.30、1793.99±201.55个/ll2,与术前的2113.47±80.56个/ll2比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后总并发症发生率为29%,其中术后早期发生浅前房低眼压4眼,暂时性高眼压3眼,引流管阻塞5眼,前房出血3眼。后期并发症有局部隆起的包裹的囊状泡1眼。
　　结论：Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术治疗难治性青光眼,虽然存在一定的术后并发症,但仍可取得较好的临床疗效,是目前治疗难治性青光眼的有效方法。