晶体后囊破裂Ⅰ期人工晶体植入探讨

后囊破裂能否Ⅰ期植入人工晶体，直接关系到患者视力的恢复。因此，探讨后囊破裂时如何顺利Ⅰ期植入人工晶体有重要的临床意义。１　资料与方法１．１　临床资料　１９９６年１月至１９９７年１月我院施行白内障囊外摘除后房人工晶体植入术２５７眼，后囊破裂１６眼，占６．２％，男性８眼，女性８眼，３２～７６岁，其中老年性白内障１１眼，外伤性白内障２眼，先天性白内障１眼，并发性白内障２眼。随机抽取此期晶体后囊完整者１６眼作为对照组，３４～７８岁，植入后房型人工晶体，随访时间３～１２个月。１．２　手术方法　按常规白内障…     

170眼白内障囊外摘除并植入人工晶体临床分析

对１３８例患者１７０眼施行白内障囊外摘除并植入人工晶体，其中老年性白内障１３２眼，并发性白内障２５眼，外伤性白内障１３眼，患者年龄８￣８５岁，术后随访半月至１９个月，视力≤０．４者１８眼，占１０．６％≥０．５者１５２眼，占８９．４％。     

开襻式前房型人工晶体植入临床观察

目的：通过观察开襻式前房型人工晶体一期或二期植入的手术效果，为不宜植入后房型人工晶体者提供一种安全、有效的手术方法。方法：观察２９只眼，其中外伤性白内障１１只眼，老年性白内障１０只眼，无晶体眼５只，外伤性晶体脱位１只眼，后房型人工晶体移位２只眼。一期植入１６只眼，二期植入１３只眼。术后随访１￣６个月。结果：２３只眼矫正视力恢复到０．５￣１．０；６只眼〈０．５，无并发症发生。结论：开襻式前房型人工晶     

借助部分晶体后囊或前囊行Ⅰ期后房型人工晶体植入术

因手术及外伤致晶体后囊破裂施行Ⅰ期后房型人工晶体植入４４例（４４眼）根据裂孔大小、位置、有无前囊膜，采用不固定襻２１例、单襻固定１９例和双襻固定４例。术后视力≥０．５３９例（８８．６％），０．１～０．４５例（１１．４％），术后玻璃体疝２例（４．５％），人工晶体夹持１例（２．２％），暂时性眼压偏高８例（１８．２％），瞳孔不圆、轻度上移１０例（２２．７％），皮质过敏性眼内炎１例（２．２％）。结果表明：晶体后囊膜破口小或破口虽较大，但有前囊膜，仍可不固定襻或单襻固定植入后房型人工晶体。     

巩膜缝线固定后房型人工晶体植入术的临床观察

目的 向无后囊支撑的眼植入后房型人工晶体，恢复双眼单视。方法 采用巩膜缝线固定人工晶体上襻和下襻于睫状沟内的方法植入后房型人工晶体。结果 ２５例２５只眼，术后随访６￣４８个月，平均２４．５个月，视力０．５以上者１８眼，０．２￣０．４者６眼，０．１者１眼。结论 采用巩膜缝线固定法植入后房型人工晶体能使患者获得更好的术后视力和恢复双眼单视，避免了需要配戴接触镜等引起的不便及并发症。     

白内障超声乳化吸出及囊袋内人工晶体植入术

为观察和评价超声乳化白内障吸出术的临床效果、特点、并发病及防治措施，对４１　眼白内障施行超声乳化吸出术及小切口（６ｍｍ）囊袋内人工晶体植入术，并以同期的白内障患者４１眼行现代囊外摘除及后房型人工晶体植入做对照。结果：术后６个月，视力≥１．０者占４３．９％＞０．８者占７０．７≥０．５者占９２．７％，均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），术后平均散光为１．０４±０．８１，１，低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。白内障超声乳化吸出并囊袋内人工晶体植入术的复明效果优于囊外摘除并后房型人工晶体植入术。     

透明角膜切口超声乳化人工晶体植入治疗青光眼术后白内障

目的 总结透明角膜切口超声乳化人工晶体植入术治疗青光眼术后白内障的临床疗效。方法 对１６例青光眼术后白内障施行透明角膜切口超声乳化术,同期植入人工晶体,并观察治疗效果。结果 术后第１天力０．１才占２５％、０．３￣０．４占３７．５％,０．６占１８．７５％,０．８占１８．７５％,术后第１天１５例眼夺在１．８ｋＰａ以下,１例眼压２．４ｋＰａ术后３ｄ后随访眼压均在正常范围内。结论 透明角膜切口超声乳     

青光眼滤过术后透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶体植入术

介绍经透明角膜切口的青光眼滤过术后白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶体植入的方法及疗效。方法：对１８例１８眼施行手术,上方透明角膜内１ｍｍ处做３．２ｍｍ切口,。超声乳化白内障摘除后扩大切口中至５．５－６ｍｍ,植入人工晶体。结果１８眼术后视力全部提高,术中术后无严重并发症。     

外伤性白内障植入人工晶体的体会（摘要）

外伤性白内障植入人工晶体的体会（摘要）石学坤（胜利石油管理局胜利医院）关键词白内障；接触镜．眼内外伤性白内障多采用囊外手术并植入人工晶体治疗，现将随访的２２例病人，结合本人体会介绍如下。本组病人２２例，均在伤后６月～１年入院。在显微镜下行囊外手术并植...     

外伤性白内障后房型人工晶体植入术45例

探讨外伤性白内障的手术方法，时机，要主订后并发症的处理。在Ｏｐｌｏｎ ＯＰＭＩ－６型显微镜下，对４５例外伤性白内障囊外摘除及后房型人工晶体植入。结果：术后随访３０２４月，平均１２月，矫正视力≥０．５者占６０．８７％，≥１．０者占２６．１％。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.