心内直视手术治疗婴幼儿先天性心脏病

目的 介绍心内直视手术治疗婴幼儿先天性心脏病的经验。方法 房间隔缺损修补术3例；室间隔缺损修补术12例；法乐四联症根治术4例；房间隔缺损加室间隔缺损修补术5例；其他心内畸形根治术7例。结果 术后7天内死亡1例，死亡率3．6％；无远期死亡及并发症。结论 婴幼儿先天性心脏病应早发现、早诊断、早治疗；手术效果满意。     

右前外小切口在先天性心脏病手术中的应用

目的　介绍右前外小切口在先天性心脏病手术中的应用体会。方法　选择一般先天性心脏病 18例 ,其中房间隔缺损 3例 ,室间隔缺损 11例 ,房间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭 1例 ,室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭 2例 ,室间隔缺损合并右室流出道狭窄 1例 ,均采用右前外小切口经右第 4肋间进行心内直视手术。结果　无手术并发症和手术死亡。结论　右前外小切口对一些简单的先天性心脏病手术效果良好、美观 ,但不适于较复杂的心脏手术     

70例成人先天性心脏病手术疗效分析

目的 探讨成人先天性心脏病的临床特点及手术治疗效果.方法 回顾分析笔者所在医院2006年4月～2010年3月收治的70例成人先天性心脏病患者,对先天性心脏病的病种、年龄分布、手术方法 及技巧等进行简单的总结和分析.结果 病种以房间隔缺损(ASD)和室间隔缺损(VSD)为主,19～28岁年龄段发病率最高(47/70,67.14%);房间隔缺损修补33例(47.14%),室间隔缺损修补术20例(28.57%),动脉导管结扎术3例,法洛四联征根治术11例,右室流出道补片3例;法洛四联征术后48 h有3例患者死亡.结论 术后严重的低心排综合征是法洛四联征死亡的主要原因,严格掌握手术的适应证,精密的手术流程以及得当的围术期处理是先天性心脏病患者手术成功的关键.     

婴幼儿先天性心脏病386例的外科治疗

目的：总结婴幼儿先天性心脏病的外科治疗经验。方法：手术治疗386例先天性心脏病患儿，其中有室间隔缺损278例，房间隔缺损139例，主肺间隔缺损2例，动脉导管未闭22例。三房心2例，心内膜垫缺损5例，右室双出口5例，右室双腔心2例，主动脉瓣狭窄2例，肺动脉瓣狭窄2例，主动脉弓畸形1例，主动脉缩窄合并室间隔缺损肺动脉高压1例，肺静脉异位引流2例，法洛四联症46例。结果：术后死亡8例（2．0％）。随访3～36个月，恢复良好，紫绀患儿均发绀消失，心功能1～11级，生长发育良好。结论：对于婴幼儿先天性心脏病儿进行手术是安全的。     

成人先天性心脏病的外科治疗

目的：总结成人先天性心脏病外科治疗的经验。方法：52例成人先天性心脏病患者，年龄18岁至65岁，平均41岁，其中房间隔缺损（ASD）22例，室间隔缺损（VSD）19例，动脉导管未闭（PDA）8例，VSD合并PDA1例，单纯性肺动脉狭窄（PS）2例，均行外科手术治疗。结果：52例成人先天性心脏病患者术后死亡2例，其余50例痊愈出院，心功能明显改善，结论：手术适应症的选择，合理的手术方式及合并症的处理是成人先天性心脏病手术成功的关键。     

微创去白细胞温血停搏液连灌心内直视手术

目的 介绍微创去白细胞温血停搏液连续灌注心肌保护技术在先天性心脏病手术中的应用体会。方法 1999年3月至2002年12月，经右前胸微创小切口，采用去白细胞温血心停搏液连续灌注，心内直视下修补先天性房室间隔缺损55例，其中房间隔缺损27例，室间隔缺损28例。结果 所有患者无手术死亡及手术并发症。结论 微创、去白细胞温血连续灌注心内直视手术对一些简单的先天性心脏病有良好的手术和美容效果，但不适合比较复杂的心脏病手术。     

右室双腔并发室间隔缺损67例治疗分析

目的:探讨67例右室双腔并发室间隔缺损的治疗方法。方法:对67例右室双腔并发室间隔缺损进行根治手术,术中、术后测量其右心室-肺动脉压差。结果:全组手术死亡2例,手术死亡率3%。死亡原因:严重低心排血量综合征1例,发生室性心律失常1例。痊愈患者分别随访3～12个月,所有患者均无室间隔残余分流,右室-肺动脉压差小于20mmHg。结论:行右室双腔并发室间隔缺损手术患儿年龄应适当减小,虽然低心排血量综合征已不是先天性心脏病手术术后并发症和死亡的主要原因,但在该类手术中仍应引起重视。术中处理重点应为正确处理室间隔缺损和右室肥厚肌束。     

先天性心脏病室间隔缺损围手术期护理方法

目的研究分析先天性心脏病室间隔缺损围手术期的护理方法。方法选取2014年至2016年我院45例先天性心脏病室间隔缺损患者为研究对象,对其围手术期的护理方法进行回顾性分析,总结护理经验与要点。结果 45例患者均顺利完成手术且康复出院,平均住院时间为(8.4±2.5)d。结论改进对先天性心脏病室间隔缺损患者围手术期的护理措施,降低术后并发症发生的风险,缩短患者住院时间。     

室间隔膜部瘤的外科治疗

室间隔膜部瘤的外科治疗肖德绵谷春久张显清包伟珂（第一临床学心脏外科，沈阳１１０００１）关键词先天性心脏病；室间隔缺损；室间隔膜部瘤室间隔膜部瘤是少见的先天性心脏病。我科１６年间手术１１例，其中术前只确诊３例，８例在术中得到诊断，现将其临床表现、诊断和...     

经手术证实室间隔缺损26例临床分析

室间隔缺损为小儿常见先天性心脏病之一。占儿童期先天性心脏病20～25%。本文将我院手术证实的26例室间隔缺损病例作一简要分析。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.