人S100B蛋白与新生儿脑损伤关系的Meta分析

目的:系统评价人S100B蛋白与新生儿脑损伤的关系。方法:以"S100B、新生儿、脑损伤"为检索词,联合检索中国知网期刊全文数据库和万方数据库,以"S100B、neonate、brain injury"为检索词,联合检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science,时间跨度均从建库至2016-03,获得新生儿脑损伤对生物体液中S100B蛋白水平影响相关的文献,并对纳入文献进行资料摄取和质量评价。采用Cochrane图书馆Rev Man 5.2软件对文献进行Meta分析。结果:共检索196篇文献,最后纳入19篇,其中有14篇与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)有关,2篇与围产期其它危险因素(宫内发育迟缓、脐动脉异常)所致的新生儿脑损伤有关,3篇与足月儿高胆红素血症所致脑损伤有关。高质量文献(NOS≥7分)17篇,余2篇NOS为5分。Meta分析HIE致脑损伤新生儿血液和尿液S100B蛋白水平较对照组升高,均数差(MD)分别为0.71和0.73(95%CI:0.52-0.90、0.07-1.39);围产期其它危险因素所致脑损伤新生儿脐带血S100B蛋白水平较对照组升高,MD=2.15(95%CI:1.72-2.59);足月儿高胆红素血症致脑损伤新生儿S100B蛋白水平亦较对照组升高,MD=1.42(95%CI:1.03-1.81)。11篇HIE致脑损伤研究存在文献发表偏倚。结论:新生儿几种生物体液中S100B蛋白水平升高对其脑损伤可能有早期提示作用。     

宫内窒息新生儿的脐血S100B蛋白检测的临床意义

目的:S100B蛋白是一种神经胶质特异性蛋白,可比较特异和灵敏地反映中枢神经系统的损伤.本文主要探讨宫内窒息新生儿脐血S100B蛋白的变化及对新生儿窒息诊断和窒息后脑损伤判断的价值.方法:采用正常阴道分娩组、剖宫产非窒息组和剖宫产宫内窒息组的新生儿脐血的S100B蛋白含量进行对比分析.结果:剖宫产宫内窒息组新生儿脐血的S100B蛋白含量明显高于其它两组,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);剖宫产非窒息组和正常阴道分娩组新生儿脐血的S100B蛋白含量差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:脐血S100B蛋白检测有助于新生儿窒息的诊断及窒息后脑损伤的判断.     

出血性脑损伤患者脑脊液和血清中S100β蛋白的意义

目的:观察脑出血患者CSF和血清中S100β蛋白含量的变化及其临床意义。方法:以25例腹股沟疝和大隐静脉曲张患者作为25例脑出血患者对照组,取CSF和血清;将24只家兔随机分为两组(每组12只),一组实验组,另一组为假手术组。分别于实验性脑出血后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h等各时间点取各组CSF和血清,采用ELISA法测定S100β蛋白的含量。结果:脑出血患者急性期与恢复期脑脊液中S100β蛋白的水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01);也明显高于血清S100β蛋白的水平(P<0.01);不同时间点兔脑出血模型实验组脑脊液中S100β蛋白的水平明显高于假手术组(P<0.01)。结论:脑出血后S100β蛋白在脑脊液中持续时间较长,且含量显著增高,可作为出血性脑损伤的早期诊断、指导治疗、判断预后的检测指标。     

高胆红素血症足月新生儿血清S100BB蛋白的变化及意义

目的分析高胆红素血症新生儿血清S100BB蛋白和新生儿行为神经测定(NeonatalBehavioralNeurologicalAssessment,NBNA)的变化及两者的相关性,探讨高胆红素血症新生儿血清S100BB蛋白的变化及临床意义。方法运用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测42例高胆红素血症新生儿和29例正常新生儿血清中S100BB蛋白浓度,同步测定血清总胆红素(TSB)、白蛋白含量,计算胆红素-白蛋白比值(B/A),并行新生儿NBNA评分。高胆组按TSB≥342μmol/L和171～342μmol/L分为实验组a和实验组b。对照组TSB<85.5μmol/L。结果①两实验组血清S100BB蛋白浓度较对照组均显著升高(P<0.01),两实验组间S100BB蛋白浓度无显著差异(P>0.05)。②两实验组NBNA评分值均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。两实验组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。③血清S100BB蛋白浓度与NBNA评分显著性负相关(P<0.01)。结论血清S100BB蛋白比TSB、B/A值能更早期预测新生儿胆红素脑病患病风险。     

胎儿胰腺S100蛋白表达的发育

目的：探索人胚胎发育过程中胰腺S100蛋白表达的发生和分布。方法：采用免疫组织化学EnVision法,选用S100蛋白抗体对30例人胚胎胰腺进行标记。结果：S100蛋白免疫反应性纤维沿腺泡、导管和血管分布。胎龄14周胰腺内开始出现S100蛋白免疫反应性纤维样结构,并随胎龄逐渐增加,至胚胎发育后期（胎龄24-28周）达到高峰,至35周后开始减少。结论：胰腺神经系统的发育有明显的阶段性。     

S100A4蛋白在卵巢浆液性腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的: 分析S100A4蛋白在卵巢浆液性腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理因素和预后的关系,探讨其在卵巢浆液性腺癌侵袭转移过程中的作用及判断卵巢浆液性腺癌患者预后的价值。方法: 用免疫组化方法检测S100A4蛋白在卵巢浆液性腺癌、卵巢浆液性腺瘤及卵巢交界性浆液性腺瘤组织中的表达,分析S100A4蛋白的表达与卵巢浆液性腺癌各临床病理因素及生存预后的关系。结果: S100A4蛋白表达定位在肿瘤细胞的细胞质和细胞核,在卵巢浆液性腺癌、卵巢交界性浆液性腺瘤和卵巢浆液性腺瘤组织中的高表达率分别为78%、30%和27%,S100A4蛋白在卵巢浆液性腺癌组织中的高表达率高于其它两个对照组,差异有统计学意义。S100A4蛋白表达与卵巢浆液性腺癌患者的病理分级、治疗后是否复发有关(均P＜0.05)。单因素分析显示患者无疾病进展时间和总生存时间均与S100A4蛋白表达有关(P＜0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示术后残留病灶大小和病理分级是影响卵巢浆液性腺癌预后的独立因素。结论: S100A4蛋白表达上调在卵巢浆液性腺癌的发生过程中可能起一定作用。病理分级高的卵巢浆液性腺癌细胞可能部分通过上调S100A4蛋白表达增强其侵袭转移能力。S100A4蛋白可能成为对卵巢浆液性腺癌患者复发风险预测和预后判断的指标之一。     

S100B蛋白在颅内肿瘤放疗治疗引起脑损伤患者血清中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨S100B蛋白在颅内肿瘤放疗治疗引起脑损伤患者血清中的作用及临床价值。方法:90例颅内肿瘤患者按放疗方案分为3组:普通放射治疗组(A组),普通放射治疗+三维适形放射治疗组(B组),三维适形或调强放射治疗组(C组),选择同期健康查体者30例为对照组。测定A、B、C3组患者放射治疗前、放射治疗中期、放射治疗后血清S100B蛋白水平和对照组血清S100B蛋白水平。结果:(1)治疗前肿瘤组患者血清S100B蛋白水平高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3组患者治疗中和治疗后血清S100B水平与治疗前比较均显著升高(P0.05),治疗后与治疗中比较显著升高(P0.05)。治疗后S100B水平A组B组C组(P0.05)。结论:颅内肿瘤患者血清S100B蛋白水平随着放疗阶段(剂量)不同而升高(P0.05)。血清S100B蛋白水平对于颅内肿瘤放疗治疗引起脑损伤患者的早期诊断和预防具有重要的临床意义。     

钙结合蛋白S100A2与肿瘤

钙结合蛋白家族成员其结构相似,都具有与钙离子结合的区域,但功能不尽相同,特别是与肿瘤的关系研究显示出不同的功能作用.S100A2是唯一的与肿瘤发生发展呈负相关的蛋白.本文将对钙结合蛋白S100A2基因的结构、功能、定位、组织分布及其与肿瘤的关系等加以回顾,并对其在肿瘤基因治疗中的作用进行阐述.     

钙结合蛋白S100A9与神经退行性疾病北大核心CSCD

钙结合蛋白S100A9是S100蛋白家族成员之一,广泛分布于人体上皮组织中,主要在活化的单核巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和胶质细胞的胞质中表达,其功能作用广泛,参与体内多种生物学效应。S100A9是一种促炎蛋白,S100A9在调节炎症过程和免疫反应中起重要作用,参与神经炎症性疾病和神经退行性疾病的发展。本文重点介绍S100A9在神经退行性疾病中相关作用的研究进展,为S100A9在阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森病(PD)等神经退行性相关疾病治疗方面提供新的思路和靶点。     

人S100蛋白的表达及其抗血清的制备和脑脊液中S100含量测定方法的建立

目的：建立定量检测脑脊液（CSF）及血清中S100蛋白的方法，探讨S100蛋白的检测在辅助诊断克－雅病（CJD）中的应用。方法：利用脑cDNA文库，经PCR获得了S100基因并克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-2T上，在大肠埃希菌中表达了谷胱甘肽－S－转移酶（GST）－S100融合蛋白；融合蛋白经亲和纯化后，免疫家兔，制备抗体；抗体经纯化后，用生物素（BNHS）标记，建立了可定量检测S100蛋白的生物素－亲和素系统ELISA方法，并初步用于临床脑脊液的检测中。结果：所表达的GST－S100蛋白相对分子质量约为35000，以其为抗原制备的S100特异性抗血清具有良好的免疫反应性。建立了定量检测脑脊液中S100蛋白的双抗体夹心ELISA方法，对3例“可能性的CJD”患者（14－3－3蛋白阳性）和15例无痴呆症状患者脑脊液进行检测，结果显示，3例CJD患者脑脊液S100含量均超过2．900μg/L,而在无痴呆症状患者组中14例患者脑脊液S100含量都低于0．180μg/L。对正常人和CJD患者血清进行检测，显示S100蛋白含量个体间差异很大。结论：所建立的方法可用于脑脊液中S100蛋白的检测，进一步扩大标本量有助于明确脑脊液中S100蛋白的检测在辅助诊断CJD中的价值。     

不同类型氧合器对体外循环心脏术后血清S100B的影响

探讨不同类型氧合器对体外循环心脏术后血清S100B的影响。选择行瓣膜置换术的患者36例，随机分为A组（应用膜式氧合器，n=16），B组（应用鼓泡式氧合器，n=20）。分别在手术前、体外循环结束后2h、5h、12h、24h和48h抽血，采用ELISA法检测血清S100B的浓度。膜式氧合器组体外循环术后各时间点血清S100B的浓度均明显低于鼓泡式氧合器组，并有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。膜式氧合器对体外心脏术后脑损伤的程度较鼓泡式氧合器小，为减少术后脑损伤的发生率，应使用膜式氧合器。     

Serum adiponectin and markers of endothelial dysfunction in stable angina pectoris patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

PurposeIt has been established that endothelial dysfunction (ED) occurs after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of the study was to assess whether adiponectin may act as a novel marker of ED and its potential relations with new markers of ED: novel cell adhesion molecule CD146, a natural anti-thrombin glycoprotein – thrombomodulin (TM) and the well-established ED marker – Von Willebrand factor (VWF) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing CABG.Material/methods45 CAD patients undergoing elective CABG were included in the study.ResultsIn the study group the concentration of adiponectin and CD146 before the surgery were significantly lower than in the control group – 6.06 μg/ml ± 3.06 vs. 19.0 μg/ml ± 6.4 and 303.2 ng/ml ± 28.7 vs. 328.1 ng/ml ± 22.6 (p < 0.05). Significant increase of adiponectin and CD146 concentration 3 months after CABG vs. before the surgery was found. Adiponectin concentration 3 months after CABG correlated with VWF, TM, CD146, and a number of grafts. CD146 before and 3 months after CABG correlated significantly with adiponectin, VWF activity as well as the statins therapy after the surgery.ConclusionsIn CAD patients undergoing CABG new markers of endothelial cell dysfunction as adiponectin and CD146 are significantly lower compared to healthy volunteers. Significant increase in adiponectin and CD146 concentration 3 months after CABG vs. before the surgery was found. However adiponectin concentrations 3 months after CABG were still significantly lower compared to healthy individuals, whereas CD146 concentration returned to the values comparable to the control.     

Accuracy of the determination of S100B protein expression in malignant melanoma using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies

AIMS: To compare the routinely used polyclonal anti-S100 and a mouse monoclonal anti-S100B antibody for their accuracy in the detection of the S100B expression profile (pattern and intensity) in a series of 67 primary (n = 37) and lymph node metastatic (n = 30) melanoma tissues. S100B is the lineage marker of malignant melanoma. Antibodies routinely used for melanoma diagnosis are not necessarily specific for this protein. Furthermore, clinical monitoring of melanoma progression is mostly based on the determination of serum S100B protein levels without knowing the actual expression level in the primary and/or metastatic tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS: The profile of expression patterns (focal, heterogenous and diffuse) as well as intensity ranges (+, ++ and +++) were similar for the two antibodies in melanoma tissues. However, comparison of the patterns and intensities on the basis of individual cases revealed a high frequency of discrepancies (50.7 and 58.2%, respectively). Severe discrepancy between the two antibodies in the determination of the S100B protein expression pattern (focal versus diffuse or focal versus heterogeneous) was relatively frequent; 13.4 and 11.9%, respectively. Furthermore, a similar rate of severe discrepancy was observed between the two antibodies in the determination of the intensity of S100B expression levels (+ versus +++ or + versus ++); 19.4 and 8.9%, respectively. Separate analysis of the primary tumours and metastases gave similar results. CONCLUSION: For the accurate determination of S100B protein expression in malignant melanoma it is highly recommended that a monospecific antibody is used.     

Neurone specific enolase and S100 protein as possible prognostic indicators in melanoma*

Fourteen cases of primary melanoma and 25 of their subsequent metastases were stained for Neurone Specific Enolase (NSE) and S100 protein. Intensity of staining for NSE and S100 protein broadly corresponded in 11 of the primary lesions and was disparate in three. Staining intensity for NSE or S100 was independent of tumour thickness. Primary lesions showing marked or moderate staining for NSE and S100 protein took a shorter time to metastasize than those showing slight or no staining. Assessment of staining intensity for NSE and S100 thus identified prognostic categories corresponding to disease free interval obtained by division according to tumour thickness. Staining intensity for S100 protein appears to give a clearer indication as to expectation of disease free interval. Staining intensity in individual cases showed an increase both for NSE and S100 protein between primary and metastatic lesions. The data presented are not sufficient to assign statistical significance but may lead to the incorporation of functional studies into the pathological assessment of malignant melanocytic lesions. The simultaneous occurrence of a functional neuronal and Schwann cell marker in melanoma is discussed.     

Isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury resulting in altered S100A4 and S100A11 protein expression in the rat

S-100 proteins (S100) are characterized by calcium-binding ability with two structural EF hands. Several S100 are expressed in cardiomyocytes and thought to play a crucial role in calcium signaling. To examine whether the expression of S100 is a response to detectable myocardial damage or regeneration, we investigated, immunohistochemically, the expression of S100A4 and S100A11 in the isoproterenol (ISP)-treated rat heart. Definite expression of S100A4 and S100A11 was demonstrated in normal cardiomyocytes, and their staining patterns were enhanced in the ISP-treated rat heart, suggesting the possible involvement of S1-A4 and S100A11 in ISP-induced myocardial damage.     

Decrease of S100 beta protein in serum of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of unknown origin characterized by loss of upper and lower motor neurons and concomitant astrogliosis. We have investigated the S100 beta protein levels in serum as a marker for astroglia of patients with ALS (n=41) in comparison to a control group (n=32). Additionally we have investigated 12 patients at different follow-up time points (minimum 6 months). We could not observe a significant difference of S100 beta protein in patients with ALS in comparison to our control group (P=0.11) but we could clearly see a decrease of S100 beta levels in the further course of the disease. As S100 beta is also seen as a protein with nerve growth factor activity we assume that the fall of serum levels may reflect the loss of nerve growth stimulation in patients with ALS and suppose that repetitive measurements of S100 beta in serum can be used as an objective marker for disease progression.     

Expression of S100 proteins in normal human tissues and common cancers using tissue microarrays: S100A6, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A11 are all overexpressed in common cancers

AIMS: To survey the expression of members of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins in normal human tissues and common cancers using tissue microarrays. S100A6, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A11 have all been suggested to have potential roles in carcinogenesis and tumour progression but their expression has not been described in a wide range of human tissues and tumours. METHODS AND RESULTS: A custom-made tissue array, containing 291 tissue cores representing 28 tissue types and 21 tumour types, was used to produce sections that were immunostained for S100A2, S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11, calbindin 1, calbindin 2, S100B and parvalbumin. S100A6, S100A8 and S100A9 were expressed in 32%, 12% and 28% of breast cancers, respectively. There was a translocation of S100A11 expression from exclusively nuclear in normal tissues to cytoplasmic and nuclear in all common cancers. CONCLUSIONS: S100A6, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A11 are all expressed in common cancers, especially breast cancer. In addition, S100A11 undergoes a nucleocytoplasmic translocation which may have a direct influence on the proliferation of the cancer cells.     

婴幼儿体外循环期间尿液氨甲环酸浓度的研究

目的应用核磁共振波谱研究婴幼儿法洛四联症根治术体外循环期间尿液氨甲环酸浓度及排泄率。方法 5例先天性法洛四联症患儿,年龄(11±6.3)月,体质量(7.36±2.08)kg,在开胸前应用氨甲环酸100 mg/kg,单次静脉缓慢注射(注射时间10 min以上),体外循环开始前再次注射100 mg/kg。应用核磁共振波谱方法,检测不同时间段尿液氨甲环酸浓度。结果体外循环开始前、体外循环期间、关胸期间的尿液氨甲环酸浓度分别为(5.03±2.93)、(4.85±2.68)、(3.48±2.24)mg/mL。体外循环开始前、体外循环期间、关胸期间氨甲环酸量分别为(199.7±142.1)、(341.6±302.3)、(400.1±357.0)mg。至手术结束(用药后约3 h)氨甲环酸排泄量为(57.48±19.66)%。体外循环开始前排泄率为(6.5±4.8)mg/min,体外循环期间排泄率为(4.5±4.9)mg/min,关胸期间排泄率为(13.1±9.6)mg/min,总排泄率为(6.2±3.4)mg/min,各时间段均无显著性差异,P>0.05。氨甲环酸在0.03～6.0 mg/mL具有良好的线性关系(r=0.996);平均回收率为99.6%,相对标准差为0.39%(n=6)。结论核磁共振波谱能够检测出尿液氨甲环酸的浓度。该法灵敏、准确、迅速、重复性好、尿样品处理方法简单。