中美合作教学班与普通班护生批判性思维能力的比较研究

[目的]比较中美合作教学班与普通班护生批判性思维能力的差异。探讨我校护理课程设置、护理教学和掌握双语程度与批判性思维能力的关系。[方法]普通班护生246名,中关合作教学班护生251名。采用中文版批判性思维能力测量表（CTDI—CV）对497名护生进行问卷调查。[结果]497名护生批判性思维能力cTDI—cV总分284．69分±29．31分,为正性水平;中美合作教学班护生CTDI—CV总分达到正性水平（291．90分±29．69分）,普通班护生CTDI—CV总分处于正负临界水平（277．33分±27．06分）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（PdO．05）;一年级、二年级中美合作教学班与普通班护生正性批判性思维比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,三年级两班护生比较差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。[结论]中美合作教学班与普通班护生批判性思维能力存在差异,可能与课程设置、教学方式和掌握双语的程度有关。     

护理科研教学对本科护生批判性思维的影响

[目的]探讨护理科研课程教学对培养本科护生批判性思维能力的影响。[方法]对选修护理研究课程的本科三年级110名护生,于护理科研课程授课前、全部课程结束后发放加利福尼亚批判性思维量表(CCTDI)进行调查。[结果]开课前护生CCTDI得分267.930分±16.950分,课程结束后CCTDI得分278.150分±18.599分,课程结束前后比较差异有统计学意义(t=7.075,P=0.000),课程结束后护生的质疑、成熟、分析推理、系统性、思想开明、追求真理得分明显提高(P0.05);护生开课前总分小于280分者83人(75.45%),280分～350分者27人(24.55%),课程结束后总分小于280分者59人(53.64%),280分～350者51人(46.36%)。[结论]护理科研课程教学对培养、提高护生的批判性思维能力有积极促进作用。     

批判性思维能力与学习风格的相关性研究

[目的]探讨学习风格与批判性思维能力的相关性.[方法]采用中文版批判性思维能力测量表(CTDI-CV)和学习风格量表(LSI)对497名护理专业大专学生进行批判性思维能力和学习风格评价,并对结果进行相关分析.[结果]497名护理大专生中发散型学习风格229名(46.1%),同化型131名(26.4%),顺应型90名(18.1%),集中型47名(9.5%).CTDI-CV中7个特质与LSI中具体经验、沉思观察、抽象概括具有相关性.4种学习风格学生的CTDI-CV得分差异有统计学意义,同化型(296.08分±29.46分)和集中型(295.72分±30.98分)学习风格者的CTDI-CV得分高于发散型(277.93分±27.21分)和顺应型(279.52分±26.99分).[结论]护理大专生的学习风格以发散型居多,其批判性思维能力的寻求真相、系统化能力、自信心方面较弱,提示教师应将批判性思维能力培养有意识地融入课程教学目标中.     

中医院校护理本科生评判性思维态度倾向性调查

[目的]了解广州市某中医院校护理本科生评判性思维现状,为进一步提高护生评判性思维能力提供依据.[方法]采用中文版评判性思维态度倾向性调查表(CTDI-CV)对广州某中医院校168名二三年级中医护理专业和国际交流专业护生进行调查.[结果]中医院校护生评判性思维能力总体得分为244.17分±18.76分,属于中等评判性思维水平,除认知成熟度为正性水平,其他因子均处于中等水平;三年级总分、分析能力、自信心比二年级高;国际交流专业与中医护理专业相比较,总分差异无统计学意义.但国际交流专业护生思想开放和分析能力方面比中医护理高,而求知欲、认知成熟度得分比中医护理低.[结论]广州某中医院校护生评判性思维态度倾向性呈中等水平,年级、专业影响评判性思维水平.     

不同年级本科护生评判性思维能力的比较研究

[目的]比较不同年级本科护生的评判性思维能力,为进一步深化改革本科护理教育教学方式提供依据。[方法]采用中文版本的评判性思维测量表(CTDI-CV),对南通大学护理学院217名在校本科护生进行问卷调查。[结果]本科护生评判性思维能力总分平均为293.91分,本科护生具有正性评判性思维倾向;各年级的评判性思维能力总分及各项目的得分情况比较,差异有统计学意义。[结论]护理院校应深化改革,进一步培养和强化护生评判性思维能力。     

文科及理科护生批判性思维研究及应对策略

[目的]研究文科、理科护生批判性思维倾向的差异,为文科、理科护生的评判性思维能力培训提供依据。[方法]从一年级学生中选取文科及理科护生共302名,采用评判性思维能力测评量表进行测评。[结果]护生的评判性思维倾向总分为257.26分±17.72分,其中文科生为249.19分±16.01分,理科生为265.73分±24.83分,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。[结论]文科和理科护生的评判性思维倾向得分均偏低,和理科生相比,文科生更应加强评判性思维的训练。     

CBS教学法在护理本科生ICU临床实践教学中的应用研究

目的探讨案例教学法(CBS)在护理本科生ICU临床实践教学中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选择在新疆某三甲医院ICU临床实习的护理本科生为研究对象,以2018年1—6月实习的30名护生为对照组,采用传统教学法;2019年1—6月实习的30名护生为试验组,采用CBS教学法。比较两组护生理论成绩及操作成绩、评判性思维能力量表(CTDI-CV)、问题解决能力问卷得分。结果出科时试验组护生ICU相关理论成绩(85.90±4.92)分,操作成绩(84.20±7.33)分,均高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出科时试验组护生CTDI-CV总分(275.83±33.88)分,高于对照组的(229.67±23.52)分,两组得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组护生问题解决能力总分(100.73±9.57)分,高于对照组的(87.83±8.12)分,两组得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CBS教学法应用于ICU护理本科生临床实践,可促进其专科知识掌握,评判性思维能力、解决临床问题能力以及综合能力的提升。     

情景模拟教学在提高护生评判性思维中的应用

目的:探讨情景模拟教学在提高护生评判性思维能力中的应用效果。方法:将106名护生随机分为实验组56名和对照组50名,对照组给予传统护理实习教学方法,实验组采取情景模拟教学,比较两组教学前后批判性思维能力的变化。结果:实验组教育后CTDI-CV得分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),实验组教学实习考核结果高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:情景模拟教学能提高护生批判性思维能力,是一种较理想的教学方法。     

反思日记在高职实习护生评判性思维培养中的应用

[目的]探讨反思日记在高职实习护生评判性思维培养中的应用。[方法]将253名护生随机分成观察组126名,对照组127名,对照组护生采用常规带教方法,观察组护生在常规带教方法的基础上要求书写反思日记。采用"中文版评判性思维能力测量表"(CTDI-CV)在实习初期和实习末期对两组护生进行评判性思维能力调查。[结果]两组护生实习初期CTDI-CV总分及各维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组护生实习初期、末期的CTDI-CV总分及各维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组护生实习末期CTDI-CV总分及寻找真相、分析能力、系统化能力、求知欲维度上得分高于实习初期(P<0.05);观察组护生实习末期CTDI-CV总分及寻找真相、分析能力、系统化能力、求知欲维度上得分高于对照组实习末期(P<0.05)。[结论]临床实习过程中书写反思日记可提高护生评判性思维能力的一些特质,有利于培养护生的评判性思维能力。     

不同年级高职护生评判性思维能力的比较研究

[目的]比较不同年级高职护生评判性思维能力,为高职护理教育改革提供依据.[方法]采用评判性思维态度倾向性调查表（中文版）对漳州卫生职业学院2009级~2011级1066名高职护生进行调查.[结果]不同年级高职护生在寻找真相、评判性思维的自信心、求知欲3个维度得分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;评判性思维能力总分、开放思想、分析能力、系统化能力和认知成熟度得分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.[结论]高职护生评判性思维能力受护理教育过程的影响,护理院校应开展教育教学方法的探讨和改革,进一步培养和提高高职护生的评判性思维能力.     

Designing and facilitating class discussion in an Internet class

Designing a replacement for face-to-face classroom discussion is a major consideration in the development of an Internet course, whether the course is completely new or a redesign of an existing course. The experiences of four faculty members who were involved in developing courses for a baccalaureate completion program for RNs taught entirely on the Internet will be used to illustrate key issues in designing andfacilitating on-line discussion.     

Application of world class service to world class nursing

U.S. nursing is in trouble. These numerous and multidimensional troubles include general job dissatisfaction, low morale, a severe nurse shortage, a high turnover rate, and a rapid cost increase. A brief study of the healthcare industry in other industrialized nations revealed that those nations do not face the same problems or at least their problems are not as severe. More specifically, the Japanese nursing industry has no shortage. This article addresses some of the United State's nursing problems and presents some solutions from World Class Service concepts to those problems. The concepts of flexible scheduling, simplification of processes and standardization, on-the-job training, employee involvement, and team building are discussed in the context of World Class Nursing. Finally, the importance of regarding all of the above mentioned concepts as an integral part of healthcare improvement efforts is emphasized.     

Economy class syndrome

Economy class syndrome is venous thromboembolism following air travel. This syndrome was firstly reported in 1946, and many cases have been reported since 1990s. Low air pressure and low humidity in the aircraft cabin may contribute to the mechanism of this syndrome. Risk factors for venous thrombosis in the plane were old age, small height, obesity, hormonal therapy, malignancy, smoking, pregnancy or recent parturition, recent trauma or operation, chronic disease and history of venous thrombosis. In Japan, the feminine gender is also risk factor though reason was not well known. For prophylaxis, adequate fluid intake and leg exercise are recommended to all passengers. For passengers with high risk, prophylactic measures such as compression stockings, aspirin or low molecular weight heparin should be considered.     

Novel antibacterial class

We report the discovery and characterization of a novel ribosome inhibitor (NRI) class that exhibits selective and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Compounds in this class inhibit growth of many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including the common respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis, and are nontoxic to human cell lines. The first NRI was discovered in a high-throughput screen designed to identify inhibitors of cell-free translation in extracts from S. pneumoniae. The chemical structure of the NRI class is related to antibacterial quinolones, but, interestingly, the differences in structure are sufficient to completely alter the biochemical and intracellular mechanisms of action. Expression array studies and analysis of NRI-resistant mutants confirm this difference in intracellular mechanism and provide evidence that the NRIs inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting ribosomes. Furthermore, compounds in the NRI series appear to inhibit bacterial ribosomes by a new mechanism, because NRI-resistant strains are not cross-resistant to other ribosome inhibitors, such as macrolides, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, or oxazolidinones. The NRIs are a promising new antibacterial class with activity against all major drug-resistant respiratory pathogens.