主髂动脉硬化闭塞症的腔内治疗

目的:探讨应用腔内技术治疗主髂动脉闭塞症的疗效。方法:对2005年1月—2011年5月34例主髂动脉闭塞的患者行腔内技术治疗,其中男28例,女6例;年龄42～79(平均58.3)岁。左侧髂动脉病变15例,右侧髂动脉病变12例,双侧髂动脉病变7例,包括累及腹主动脉末端2例。合并高血压30例,冠心病13例,糖尿病7例,脑血管病2例。术前均行CTA明确诊断。结果:34例主髂动脉闭塞的患者共植入支架44枚,临床症状改善。术后34例获得随访,随访时间1～36个月,1例再狭窄,狭窄程度50%,缺血症状不明显,未治疗。结论:应用腔内技术治疗主髂动脉闭塞症是一种有效的微创方法。     

介入手术治疗复杂主髂动脉闭塞症：附16例分析

目的:探讨经皮腔内介入治疗复杂主髂动脉闭塞症的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析收治的16例复杂主髂动脉闭塞患者临床资料,患者均行介入手术治疗,通过多穿刺入路途径,采用内膜下血管再通技术和导丝抓捕技术建立工作导丝通道,然后行球囊扩张术及对吻技术支架植入等。结果:16例复杂主髂动脉闭塞的患者,手术均获得成功,手术成功率100%。16例患者中15例患者血管完全通畅,症状明显改善,1例患者症状中度改善,下肢缺血症状消失。1例患者出现穿刺部位血肿,术后并发症发生率为6.25%。所有患者均随访3~48个月,其中有5例患者出现支架内狭窄及血栓形成,经过腔内介入治疗后再次恢复血流。术后12、24、36个月血管通畅率分别为87.5%、81.25%、68.75%。结论:经皮腔内介入治疗复杂主髂动脉闭塞,能够迅速打通血管、恢复血流,且并发症少,临床效果满意。     

腔内治疗TASCⅡD型髂动脉硬化闭塞症并发症12例分析

目的 探讨腔内技术治疗泛大西洋协作组织(TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus,TASC)诊治指南ⅡD型髂动脉硬化闭塞症并发症的原因及防治策略.方法 2014年6月～2019年12月,我院采用腔内技术治疗TASCⅡD型髂动脉硬化闭塞症57例,发生围手术期并发症12例,对其资料进行回顾...     

主,髂动脉硬化性闭塞症的诊断及治疗

目的　总结42 例主髂动脉硬化性闭塞症的诊断和治疗经验。方法　回顾分析1993 ～1998 年我院收治本病患者的临床资料,下肢间歇性跛行22 例,静息痛、趾端坏疽14 例,“5P”症候群6 例。保守治疗21 例;主( 双) 股人造血管旁路术13 例; 主双股人造血管旁路 股腘自体大隐静脉旁路3 例;经皮腔内血管成形术( PTA)2 例,PTA 右髂动脉腔内支架 股股人造血管搭桥1 例;Ⅰ期膝上截肢2 例。结果　单纯间歇性跛行病人经系统保守治疗6 个月～1 年跛距延长100 ～200 m ,治疗前后踝肱指数及踝动脉压差别无显著性(P > 0 .05) 。手术治疗组术后2 d 及7 d 分别并发心肌梗塞1 例,ARDS1 例( 死亡) 。6 个月后膝上截肢1 例,其余病人术后3 个月踝肱指数及踝动脉压较术前有明显提高( P < 0 .05及0 .01) 。结论　主髂动脉硬化性闭塞的治疗应个体化。主股人造血管旁路术是治疗本病的基本术式,腔内支架的近期疗效好     

TASC C 型及D 型主髂动脉闭塞的腔内治疗及评价

目的 探讨广泛主髂动脉闭塞的腔内治疗方法并评价其疗效.方法 32 例慢性广泛主髂动脉闭塞患者,男性23 例,女性9 例,年龄52耀81(平均69.7)岁.有明显的静息痛27 例(84.4%),足部坏疽5 例(15.62%).其中TASC C 型患者13 例(40.6%),TASC D 型患者19 例(59.4%),患者术前评估均为高龄、高危病例或不能耐受传统开腹手术的患者.经股动脉或肱动脉入路,采用闭塞段通过、球囊扩张、支架放置及股总动脉内膜剥脱等方法进行治疗.结果 除3 例未能开通外,其余29 例均获开通,开通率为90.63%,并发症发生率为3.5%.21 例患者临床症状中度改善,8 例患者临床症状明显改善.平均随访(13.9依1.2)个月,术后6 个月的初次通畅率、辅助初次通畅率及二次通畅率分别为82.8%、86.2%、89.7%,术后12 个月的初次通畅率、辅助初次通畅率及二次通畅率分别为67%、74.5%、81.9%.结论 对于合并广泛慢性主髂动脉闭塞的高危患者,综合应用多种方法进行腔内治疗是一项安全有效的措施,可获得较满意的临床疗效.     

慢性主髂动脉闭塞症高龄患者的外科治疗

慢性主髂动脉闭塞是血管外科的常见疾病,其中年龄是导致下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的首要危险因素。对高龄患者来说,临床合并症复杂、手术耐受性差及术后并发症发生率高已成为此类人群普遍的治疗难点。笔者针对慢性主髂动脉闭塞症的外科治疗和高龄患者的手术原则进行综述。     

主髂动脉闭塞症腔内治疗新进展

主髂动脉闭塞症指以动脉粥样硬化为主要原因的腹主动脉远端、主髂动脉分叉部血管狭窄或闭塞, 导致盆腔、下肢缺血的一类疾病。外科开放手术一直是复杂主髂动脉病变的主要治疗手段。近年来, 随着血管腔内技术的发展, 其治疗理念有了极大改变。越来越多的证据表明, 腔内治疗的中远期效果已不劣于传统的开放手术, 成为主髂动脉闭塞症的首选治疗方案。     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症腔内治疗后支架内再狭窄的治疗

目的:探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)腔内治疗后支架内再狭窄的治疗体会。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2014年12月收治的支架内再狭窄的31例下肢ASO患者(49条肢体)资料,其中狭窄病变37条肢体,闭塞病变12条肢体;病变长度8.5~35 cm,平均(25.2±7.5)cm。结果:所有患者均接受腔内治疗,包括单纯球囊扩张成形术35例,球囊扩张后导管溶栓术3例,球囊扩张后支架植入术3例,导管溶栓后球囊扩张术7例,斑块旋切术1例。术后所有患者症状均不同程度缓解,平均踝肱指数较术前明显升高(P0.05)。28例获得随访3~32个月,平均(16.2±5.8)个月,期间出现再狭窄6例(21.4%),均再次行球囊扩张成形术,无截肢及死亡病例。结论:结合其他腔内疗法,球囊扩张术治疗下肢动脉支架内再狭窄疗效满意。     

主髂动脉闭塞性疾病外科治疗的现状

主髂动脉闭塞性疾病广义地涵盖了自腹主动脉至全下肢主干动脉的闭塞病变,治疗对策主要是依靠外科重建血流。临床上应用广泛的治疗手段包括各种外科转流手术、动脉内膜切除术、经皮腔内血管成形术、支架置入术等。笔者经广泛查阅近10余年相关的临床报道,对治疗该类疾病的各主要术式的疗效、预后等进行综述。     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症腔内治疗的新进展

近年来,随着新材料、新技术的发展与应用,下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的腔内治疗显示出令人鼓舞的成果。笔者对近期相关临床对照试验中的进展进行总结,并对面临的问题及未来的展望等作一阐述。

     

Endovascular treatment of iliac occlusive disease: review and update

Use of endovascular interventions for arterial occlusive lesions continues to increase. With the evolution of the technology supporting these therapeutic measures, the results of these interventions continue to improve. In general, a comparison of techniques for revascularization of iliac occlusive diseases shows similar initial technical success rates for open versus percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Angioplasty is often associated with lower periprocedural morbidity and mortality rates. Conversely, surgery frequently provides greater long-term patency, although late failure of percutaneous therapies may occur but still can be treated successfully with reintervention. The perpetual buildup of experience with angioplasty and stenting will eventually characterize its role in the management of occlusive disease. This review outlines the current consensus and applicability of endovascular management of iliac occlusive diseases.     

Endovascular management of iliac vein rupture during percutaneous interventions for occlusive lesions

Iatrogenic Iliac vein rupture is a rare and potentially lethal complication. We present herein two different clinical scenarios of iatrogenic iliac vein rupture that resulted from performing percutaneous endoluminal interventions to treat symptomatic veno-occlusive lesions. The first case was due to the presence of surgical clips from the patient's previous gynecologic surgery, which caused iliac vein compression and eventually led to acute deep vein thrombosis. The second case resulted from central venous outflow obstruction ipsilateral to a lower extremity arteriovenous dialysis access site. Both Iliac vein ruptures were the result of percutaneous attempts to correct the outflow lesion (delayed in the first case and acute in the second case). Hemorrhage was successfully controlled in both cases using a self-expandable Viabahn (W. L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, AZ) covered stent while maintaining vessel patency and resolving symptoms related to veno-occlusive disease.     

Retroperitoneal inflow procedures for iliac occlusive vascular disease

We reviewed our experience over the past six years with retroperitoneal inflow procedures (aortofemoral and iliofemoral bypass grafts) in high-risk patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease. There were 57 limbs in 40 patients. Twenty percent of the patients were diabetic, 80% were smokers, 40% had heart disease, 54% had hypertension, and 25% had symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The average patient age was 64 years. There was no operative mortality and cumulative patency rate by life-table analysis at four years was 84%. The site of the proximal anastomosis (aorta vs iliac) or the configuration of the graft (unifemoral vs bifemoral) did not influence the patency rate. Retroperitoneal inflow procedures are an excellent alternative in patients who present an unacceptably high risk for standard aortofemoral reconstruction.     

Endovascular treatment strategies for supra-aortic arterial occlusive disease

Because of the focal nature of stenoses or occlusions in the supra-aortic vasculature, the high blood-pressures in this area and the very low morbidity rates related to percutaneous therapy have largely replaced surgical revascularization as the initial treatment of choice for patients with supra-aortic arterial occlusive disease. The initial technical success and durability of percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) and stenting in these lesions is excellent. Nevertheless several factors can make PTA and stenting a complex procedure that requires advanced endovascular skills for a successful outcome. Profound knowledge of surgical reconstruction techniques or extra-anatomic bypasses remains mandatory, as it is occasionally required for failure of endovascular techniques or if contraindications exist.     

膝下动脉闭塞的腔内治疗现状

以下肢动脉硬化闭塞症为代表的外周动脉闭塞性疾病（peripheral artery obstruction disease，PAOD）是临床常见病，临床症状主要包括间歇性跛行和重症肢体缺血（critical limb ischemia，CLI）两大症侯群。在PAOD的发病因素中，糖尿病、吸烟和年龄等都是重要的危险因子。我国正在进入老龄化社会，同时又是糖尿病高发国和烟草消费大国，因此，PAOD的发病率在我国也呈逐年上升之势，成为严重威胁人民生命健康的杀手。     

老年患者TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞的腔内治疗

目的探讨对泛大西洋协作组织(TASC)C、D级髂股动脉闭塞老年患者行腔内治疗的疗效。方法 104例老年TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞患者接受微创腔内介入手术,其中TASC C型73例、TASC D型31例,闭塞长度4.25~17.61cm,平均(13.46±1.24)cm。对腔内介入治疗的临床疗效、并发症、术后随访等情况进行分析。结果 94例成功开通闭塞动脉,技术成功率90.38%(94/104),其中单纯球囊扩张12例、联合支架植入92例。围手术期发生并发症8例,并发症发生率为7.69%(8/104),包括急性动脉血栓2例、穿刺处假性动脉瘤形成1例、心功能衰竭4例、对比剂肾病1例。术后7天踝肱指数由术前的0.32±0.12增至0.81±0.11(P0.01)。术后6个月、12个月各随访78例和53例患者,通畅率分别为88.46%(69/78)、81.13%(43/53)。结论对老年TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞患者,微创腔内介入治疗手术成功率高,并发症少,可取得满意的临床疗效。     

Endovascular management of iliofemoral venous occlusive disease

New developments in the management of both acute and chronic iliac vein occlusive disease offer exciting options for the treatment of this often debilitating condition. Percutaneous clot removal using thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, or a combination of the two is fast becoming the treatment of choice for patients presenting with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis. Recanalization of chronic iliac vein occlusions with balloon angioplasty and stenting relieves symptoms of extremity swelling and pain in the majority of treated patients. Existing data provide convincing proof of the efficacy of endovascular recanalization procedures, and upcoming prospective, controlled trials will further clarify the role of these techniques in the therapeutic armamentarium.     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症腔内治疗

随着人口老龄化，生活质量水平的提高，下肢多节段动脉硬化性闭塞症发病率逐年升高。据统计，60岁以下发病率为2．5％，60～69岁为8．3％，≥70岁发病率为18．8％。下肢多节段动脉硬化性闭塞症已成为血管外科常见疾病，是临床上导致肢体严重缺血的主要原因，也是治疗的难点。     

Vascular ultrasound surveillance after endovascular intervention for occlusive iliac artery disease

This paper describes vascular ultrasound surveillance after endovascular intervention for occlusive iliac artery disease. There were 105 patients who had 198 procedures in 155 limbs, consisting of 110 balloon dilatations and 88 stentings. The patients were referred to the vascular diagnostic service by several surgeons. All procedures had been considered to be initially technically successful. Colour-Doppler duplex ultrasound studies were performed shortly before and at serial intervals after operation to determine patency rates. Univariate life table analysis showed 69% primary and 96% assisted primary patency at four years. Primary patency rates at four years were significantly worse for stentings (60%) compared to balloon dilatations (71%) (P<0.05). Maximum peak systolic velocities (PSV) were recorded from the treated arteries. Receiver operating characteristics curves showed that PSV >300 cm/s was most accurate for predicting technical failure. Haemodynamic success rates at four years were 72% for PSV >300 cm/s. Results for procedures that were initially successful indicate that long-term primary patency rates for iliac endovascular intervention are acceptable and that assisted primary patency rates are excellent.     

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for iliac artery occlusive disease.

Atherosclerotic iliac artery stenoses respond well to simple balloon angioplasty and have the best results of all of the peripheral vessels. Nonetheless, initial technical failures occur in as many as 20% of patients, most of which can be salvaged with intravascular stenting, as can many of the potential complications; however, even though the initial technical success rates for stenting approach 100%, stenotic recurrences within stents are not infrequent. Whether promising new concepts, such as brachytherapy, gene therapy, and endoluminal grafting, will have a durable impact on the results of iliac angioplasty is yet to be seen. Meanwhile, the excellent results of endoluminal treatment of patients with iliac artery occlusive disease, combined with the relatively low risk for complications compared with surgical revascularization, ensure an enduring role for this modality of treatment and a diminution in the fraction of patients requiring surgery to correct their iliac artery occlusive disease.