鳢肠水溶性部位的化学和药理研究

目的研究鳢肠属植物鳢肠水溶性部位的化学成分及其药理活性.方法通过溶剂提取法和色谱技术分离化学成分,运用光谱手段进行结构鉴定,利用C6细胞和PC12细胞观察鳢肠水溶性成分对细胞增殖活性的抑制作用.结果从该部位分离得到3个三萜皂苷,分别为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖刺囊酸(Ⅰ)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖刺囊酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(Ⅱ)和3-O-(2-O-硫酰基-β-D-吡喃葡糖)刺囊酸(Ⅲ),还分离得到了豆甾醇(Ⅳ)和蟛蜞菊内酯(Ⅴ);化合物Ⅰ具有抑制C6细胞和PC12细胞增殖的活性.结论化合物Ⅰ是鳢肠水溶性部位抑制细胞增殖的活性成分.     

沙苑子化学成分研究

目的研究沙苑子总黄酮提取部位的化学成分。方法采用色谱方法分离化学成分,根据波谱数据及理化常数进行结构鉴定。结果共分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别是大麻苷(Ⅰ)、杨梅素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、异槲皮苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(Ⅳ)、毛蕊异黄酮7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、芒柄花苷(Ⅵ)、西伯利亚落叶松黄酮3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、山奈酚3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、毛蕊异黄酮(Ⅸ)、沙苑子苷A(Ⅹ)、鼠李柠檬素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅺ)。结论西伯利亚落叶松黄酮3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷为首次从该植物中分离的成分。     

灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分研究

目的 研究灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分.方法 应用溶剂萃取及柱色谱方法分离灰毡毛忍冬花蕾的化学成分,通过波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从灰毡毛忍冬花蕾中分离得到7个化合物,其中1个单萜苷类成分、2个香豆素苷类成分、1个三萜皂苷类成分、3个黄酮苷类成分,分别为(2E,6E)-3,7-二甲基-8-羟基八二烯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、6-甲氧基香豆素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(东莨菪苷)(Ⅱ)、香豆素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(茵芋苷)(Ⅲ)、齐墩果酸皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1-6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(Ⅳ)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ为首次从忍冬属中分得.     

番石榴叶中抗氧化活性成分的研究

摘 要：目的 研究番石榴Psidium guajava叶的活性成分,为开发番石榴叶资源提供依据。方法 以抗氧化活性为指标,运用多种柱色谱等现代分离手段对番石榴叶60%乙醇提取物进行活性追踪分离;根据理化性质和波谱学分析鉴定了化合物的结构,并评价了其抗氧化活性。结果 分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为儿茶素(1)、鸢尾酚酮-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、山柰酚(3)、槲皮素(4)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-芥子酸)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(番石柳叶苷A,9)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-阿魏酸)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(10)、顺式对香豆酸-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)、去甲氧基荚果蕨素(12)。结论 对分离得到的11个化合物进行抗氧化活性测试,其中化合物4、5、6显示较强活性,1、3、7、8显示中等强度活性。化合物2、10、11、12为首次从番石榴属植物中分离得到,化合物9为新化合物。     

鬼针草有效成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的 研究鬼针草Bidens bipinnata的地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、ODS柱色谱分离并结合Sephadex LH-20和HPLC分离纯化，通过理化鉴定和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构。结果 从鬼针草的正丁醇部位得到6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6，7，3′，4′-四羟基噢哢(海生菊苷)(Ⅰ)、6-O-(6″-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-6，7，3′，4′-四羟基噢哢(Ⅱ)、槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅳ)、异奥卡宁-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、七叶苷(Ⅵ)、(E)2-己烯基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、正己烷基O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、异戊基O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)、正丁基O-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅹ)、正丁基O-β-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅺ)、正丁基O-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(Ⅻ)。结论 以上12个化合物中除海生菊苷和异奥卡宁-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷外，其他10个化合物均为首次从鬼针草中分离得到。     

独一味化学成分的研究

目的:研究独一味Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.)Kudo.地上部分的化学成分.方法:利用各种色谱方法分离化学成分,通过理化性质和光谱方法确定所分离化合物的结构.结果:从正丁醇部位分离得到3个黄酮类和3个苯乙醇苷类化合物,经鉴定分别为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (Ⅱ)、木犀草素-7-O-[β-D-呋喃芹菜糖(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、forsythoside B(Ⅳ)、verbascoside(Ⅴ)、betonyosides A(Ⅵ).结论:化合物Ⅲ～Ⅵ均为首次从独一味中获得.     

清脑宣窍方有效部位的两个新化合物研究

目的研究清脑宣窍方有效部位的化学成分。方法大孔树脂、硅胶、聚酰胺等色谱方法分离,波谱法鉴定结构。结果从清脑宣窍方有效部位中分离得到两个化合物,其化学结构分别鉴定为达玛-24(25)-烯-3β,12β,20(S)-三醇-6-O-(6-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、2,6,11,15-四甲基-,4,6,8,10,12,14-十六烯单乙酯(Ⅱ)。结论两个化合物均为新化合物,分别命名为三七皂苷Rt(Ⅰ)和藏红花酸单乙酯(Ⅱ)。     

天冬化学成分的研究（Ⅱ）

目的:研究天冬的化学成分.方法:经大孔树脂、反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和C-18反相硅胶柱色谱等各种色谱方法分离天冬中的化学成分,通过理化性质和现代波谱技术(MS、1HNMR、13CNMR)确定所分离化合物的结构.结果:从其乙醇提取物中分离得到5个化合物,经鉴定分别为薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ),异菝葜皂苷元(Ⅱ),26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-呋甾-3β,22,26-三醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ),26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-呋甾-5-烯-3β,2α,26-三醇-3-O-[α-α-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)]-[α-α-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)]- β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ),26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-呋甾-3β,26-二醇-22-甲氧基-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ).结论:化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ均为首次从天冬中得到.     

土茯苓酚苷类成分研究

目的 研究土茯苓的化学成分。方法 用硅胶、大孔树脂、ODS柱色谱及HPLC方法进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 得到6个化合物，分别为2，4，6-三羟基苯乙酮-2，4-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、3，4，5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、3，4，5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-[β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)]-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、3，4-二羟基苯乙醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、8，8′-双二氢丁香苷元葡萄糖苷(8，8′bisdihydrosyringenin glucoside，V)、白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ为首次从天然界中分得，其余化合物为首次从土茯苓中分得。     

朝鲜白头翁的三萜皂苷成分研究

目的：研究朝鲜白头翁［Pulsatilla cernua］(Thunb.)Bercht. et Opiz.］根茎的化学成分。方法：朝鲜白头翁根茎的乙醇提取物经大孔树脂、硅胶、ODS柱以及 HPLC分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱(１H,13CNMR,FAB-MS等)分析和化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果：6个化合物分别被鉴定为 pulsatilla saponin A(1),常春藤皂苷元3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(2),pulsatilla saponin D(3),dipsacoside B(4),3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→２)［β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→4)］-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.