保留括约肌术治疗高位单纯性肛瘘的临床研究

目的：探讨保留括约肌术治疗高位单纯性肛瘘的临床疗效。方法：将67例高位单纯性肛瘘患者随机分为治疗组（34例）和对照组（33例）,治疗组行保留括约肌术,对照组行切开挂线术。观察比较两组术后疼痛、创面愈合时间、肛门瘢痕大小、肛门畸形、肛门功能状况、术后复发情况以及患者满意率。结果：治疗组术后疼痛持续时间短,创面愈合时间短,肛门瘢痕小,肛门畸形发生率低,肛门部分失禁发生率低;与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。术后复发率两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：保留括约肌术治疗高位单纯性肛瘘效果较切开挂线术为佳。     

定向挂线法治疗36例高位复杂性肛瘘的疗效分析

目的：探讨定向挂线法与传统切开挂线法治疗高位复杂性肛瘘之疗效对比。方法将该院肛肠中心2013年1月至2013年12月收治的高位复杂性肛瘘患者72例分为对照组和治疗组,每组36例。对照组采用传统切开挂线法,治疗组采取定向挂线法,比较两组术后创面完全愈合时间、住院天数、复发率、疼痛及手术对肛门括约功能的影响情况。结果两组创面完全愈合时间、住院天数和复发情况比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;治疗组术后2 d视觉模拟疼痛评分（VAS）与肛门括约功能指标检测,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论定向挂线法相比于传统切开挂线法治疗高位复杂性肛瘘,具有对肛门括约功能影响小和减轻术后疼痛的优势。     

高位肛瘘微创术式与传统术式对肛门损伤的对比研究

目的研究高位肛瘘微创术式和传统术式对肛门功能和肛门外形损伤程度的差异。方法采用单盲随机相互对照的研究方法,治疗组施行高位肛瘘微创术式（内口切除低位小切口高位挂线引流,不紧线,保留肛管直肠环）,对照组施行传统术式（低位切开高位挂线,内口不切除,紧线,破坏肛管直肠环）,术后对两组病人的肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压、漏气漏液和肛管锁眼畸形等指标进行对比分析。结果两组患者所有指标治疗组均优于对照组。结论高位肛瘘微创术式比传统高位肛瘘治疗术式对肛门功能和肛门外形的损伤小,因此高位肛瘘微创术式在肛门功能和肛门外形的保护方面优于传统术式。     

对口引流保留皮桥术治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床观察

目的：探讨对口引流保留皮桥术治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床效果。方法：选取我院2013年9月－2015年9月64例复杂性肛瘘患者,数字抽取分成观察组与对照组,对照组采取传统肛瘘切开术治疗,观察组采取对口引流保留皮桥术治疗,对比两组总有效率、治愈时间,且以 Wexner 肛门失禁评分表评价术后肛门功能。结果：观察组手术后、痊愈后及6个月随访 Wexner 评分均明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）;观察组总有效率96．88％明显高于对照组97．50％（P＜0．05）;观察组治愈时间短于对照组（P＜0．05）;观察组手术后、痊愈后、6个月随访时的 Wexner 评分均低于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：对口引流保留皮桥术治疗复杂性肛瘘效果显著,有效保留肛门功能,减少治愈时间,值得临床推广。     

括约肌间瘘管结扎术结合脱细胞异体真皮基质 填塞治疗经括约肌肛瘘的疗效分析

目的 探讨括约肌间瘘管结扎术（LIFT）结合瘘管脱细胞异体真皮基质（AEM）填塞治疗经括 约肌肛瘘的临床疗效。方法 选取2013 年10 月-2016 年10 月该院收治的66 例经括约肌肛瘘患者。采用随 机数字表法将患者分为治疗组（行LIFT 和AEM）和对照组（行肛瘘切开术或切开挂线术）,每组各33 例。 主要观察指标：创面愈合时间,术前、术后1、3、6、12 个月肛门失禁评分和总有效率。患者术后1 个月至 门诊复诊,术后3、6、12 个月采用门诊、问卷及电话方式进行随访,了解创面愈合情况、肛门控便能力及 治愈情况。结果 筛选出符合研究条件的患者61 例,治疗组31 例,对照组30 例,两组患者术前均无肛门失 禁。对照组30 例患者中,21 例行肛瘘切开术,9 例行切开挂线术。两组创面愈合时间比较,差异有统计学意 义（P <0.05）,治疗组少于对照组。肛门失禁评分两组术前比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,两组术后肛门 失禁评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,治疗组术后1、3、6、12 个月肛门失禁评分均低于对照组。治 疗组和对照组总有效率分别为90.32% 和93.33%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 LIFT 结合 AEM 治疗经括约肌肛瘘与传统肛瘘切开术疗效相当,而且创面愈合时间短,肛门功能保护良好,无肛门失禁 的发生。     

2种手术方式治疗高位肛瘘的疗效比较

目的 比较切开挂线选择性缝合术与切开挂线治疗高位复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效,探讨治疗高位肛瘘较为可靠有效的手术方法。 方法 选择2010年10月—2014年10月在淮南市第一人民医院治疗的高位复杂性肛瘘患者60例,采用数字表法随机分为2组,观察组(30例)采用切开挂线选择性缝合术治疗,对照组(30例)采用切开挂线治疗,比较2组治愈时间、治愈率、肛门功能评分及并发症发生情况。 结果 观察组治愈时间为(22±4) d,对照组治愈时间为(24±5) d,2组治愈时间比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.240,P＜0.01);观察组治愈率为96.7%,对照组治愈率为86.7%,2组治愈率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.857,P＜0.05);观察组术后肛门功能评分为(4.8±1.2)分,对照组术后肛门功能评分为(6.8±1.3)分,2组术后肛门功能评分比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.671,P＜0.01);随访半年,对照组复发4例,观察组无复发,2组均无肛门失禁者。 结论 切开挂线选择性缝合术与切开挂线均可有效治疗高位复杂性肛瘘,与切开挂线比较,切开挂线选择性缝合术治疗高位肛瘘治愈时间短、治愈率高、肛门功能恢复好,是治疗高位肛瘘较好的手术方法之一。肛瘘管道切除缝合加肛瘘主管挂线法用于高位复杂性肛瘘的治疗可获得较好的效果。      

内口黏膜瓣推移修补瘘道部分剥除治疗高位肛瘘的疗效评价

【摘要】目的 探究内口黏膜瓣推移修补辅助瘘道部分剥除治疗高位肛瘘的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年1月～2016年7月我院收治的86例高位肛瘘患者,根据抽签法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。观察组采取内口黏膜瓣推移修补辅助瘘道部分剥除术,对照组根据传统方式完成肛瘘切开挂线术。比较两组患者临床疗效,肛门直肠压力情况,肛门功能情况,术后疼痛情况,后遗症情况。结果 手术后,观察组临床总有效率和对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组肛管静息压、直肠静息压、肛管收缩压高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组的肛门功能主观评分、肛门指诊评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组的VAS评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组的肛门变形、肛门部分失禁、肛门潮湿并发症发生率低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 内口黏膜瓣推移修补辅助瘘道部分剥除治疗高位肛瘘,给患者带来的痛苦较轻,刺激反应小,有利于患者肛门功能的恢复,并发症发生率低,临床疗效良好。     

肛瘘切开联合肛门内外括约肌修补术治疗括约肌间瘘的疗效研究

目的观察肛瘘切开联合肛门内外括约肌修补术治疗括约肌间肛瘘的疗效。方法选取杭州市第三人民医院2020年1月1日至2021年6月30日接受手术治疗的300例括约肌间肛瘘患者为研究对象,其中采取肛瘘切开联合肛门内外括约肌修补术治疗150例,为观察组;单纯肛瘘切开150例,为对照组。比较两组患者手术情况、手术前后肛肠动力学指标以及随访半年后肛门失禁、锁孔畸形发生率及肛瘘复发率。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者创口愈合时间明显缩短（P＜0.05）;两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、疼痛评分、住院时间比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。术前两组患者肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压、肛管最长收缩时间比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）;术后对照组患者上述肛肠动力学指标均明显降低（均P＜0.05）,而观察组变化不明显（均P＞0.05）,其中观察组上述肛肠动力学指标均明显高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。与对照组比较,观察组患者肛门失禁、锁孔畸形发生率均明显降低（均P＜0.05）;两组患者肛瘘复发率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论肛瘘切开联合肛门内外括约肌修补术治疗括约肌间肛瘘的有效性及安全性均较好,可在临床推广应用。     

保留肛门括约肌治疗高位肛瘘

目的 :探讨高位肛瘘的治疗方法。方法 :采用内口扩大 ,内括约肌切开 ,主管挂线引流保留肛门括约肌方式治疗 14例高位肛瘘。结果 :13例患者一次治愈 ,1例需再次挂线而治愈 ,术后无肛门失禁 ,随访 1～ 2年 ,无复发。结论 :此术式能达到根治高位肛瘘 ,又有效保护肛门括约肌正常功能目的     

挂线引流法治疗高位肛管直肠周围脓肿的临床观察

目的：研究挂线引流法治疗高位肛管直肠周围脓肿的临床疗效及其对术后疼痛、肛管缺损和肛门功能评分的影响。方法：对高位肛管直肠周围脓肿采用挂线引流疗法和一次性切开挂线疗法进行治疗,分别观察两组的疗效、创面愈合时间、术后疼痛、肛管缺损、肛门功能评分。结果：试验组和对照组的近期治愈率均为100％,经半年以上随访,试验组远期治愈率为96．2％（25/26）,对照组远期治愈率为100％（23/23）,但两组间并无显著性差异（χ2＝0．004, P＞0．05）;试验组创面愈合时间为（24．20±1．97）d,对照组创面愈合时间为（26．20±2．30） d。试验组显著短于对照组（ t＝4．667, P ＜0．01）;术后试验组疼痛积分平均为1．94±0．71,对照组疼痛积分平均为2．72±0．81,试验组积分明显优于对照组（t＝5．118,P＜0．01）;术后试验组患者均未发现明显漏气漏液和肛管锁眼畸形,对照组有16例患者出现肛管锁眼畸形,两组间有显著性差异（χ2＝51．515, P＜0．01）;按照Wexner的肛门功能评分法对患者术后肛门功能进行了评价,试验组的肛门功能评分为0．56±0．50,对照组的肛门功能评分为1．34±0．63,以试验组的肛门功能为优（ t＝6．935,P＜0．01）。结论：挂线引流法治疗高位肛管直肠周围脓肿与一次性切开挂线术的临床治愈率、疗程相近,但在术后疼痛、术后肛管缺损、肛门功能评分方面较一次性切开挂线组为优。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.