三黄凝胶对大鼠耳廓痤疮模型的抗角化作用

目的:观察三黄凝胶对大鼠耳廓痤疮模型的抗角化作用。方法:大鼠右耳廓皮内涂抹油酸,连续造模3 w。造模成功后,模型组、正常组不涂抹任何药物,三黄凝胶高、中、低剂量组分别在大鼠耳廓造模处涂抹不同剂量的三黄凝胶,阳性组涂抹0.025%维A酸乳膏,连续治疗2 w后,肉眼和组织学观察三黄凝胶抗痤疮作用。结果:低、中、高剂量组、阳性对照组与模型组相比较均有差异;与阳性对照组相比较,低中剂量组与其无差异(P>0.05),而高剂量组治疗效果进一步增强,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:三黄凝胶可减轻油酸致大鼠耳廓痤疮模型的过度角化和表皮层厚度,并有一定的量效关系。     

药物性痤疮的研究进展

药物性痤疮为服用药物后出现或加重的痤疮样皮疹,通常具以下特征:即单形性模式、不局限于皮脂溢出部位、不寻常的发病年龄、对传统痤疮治疗的抵抗.引起痤疮样皮疹的药物种类较多,包括糖皮质激素、神经精神类药物、抗结核药物和免疫调节类药物等.最近,肿瘤治疗领域的靶向药物,如表皮生长因子受体抑制剂等引起的痤疮样皮疹的发生率有所升高....     

痤疮患者痤疮丙酸杆菌耐药性的研究进展

痤疮丙酸杆菌在痤疮发生中起重要作用。局部或系统使用抗生素治疗痤疮的炎症性损害，取得了很好的疗效。然而，近年来有关痤疮丙酸杆菌耐药导致痤疮治疗失败的报道逐年增多。概述了痤疮丙酸杆菌在痤疮发生中的作用、耐药现状及其发生机制，以及如何能够尽可能减少或避免耐药菌的产生，从而提高药物疗效。     

常见化疗脱发研究模型的分析与比较

化疗脱发(chemotherapy-induced alopecia,CIA)是化疗药物常见的副作用,会对肿瘤患者产生一定的心理困扰,是临床有待于解决的难题之一.目前,CIA的发病机制尚未阐明,且尚无理想的预防和治疗措施.本文就几种经典的CIA研究模型的建立及其优缺点进行了分析与比较,以期为研究者在探明CIA的发病机制...     

痤疮消霜对兔耳痤疮模型的作用研究

目的:观察痤疮消霜对兔耳痤疮模型的影响。方法:选取新西兰兔30只,雌雄不限,分为正常对照组、模型组、痤疮消霜高剂量组、痤疮消霜低剂量组、维A酸霜组共5组。正常对照组3只不涂煤焦油,不用药;余下27只分别外涂煤焦油造模2周,并于造模成功后每天外涂乳膏基质、痤疮消霜(高、低剂量)、0.1%维A霜3周。于末次给药后24小时,以打孔器制作涂药处耳片标本,以10%甲醛溶液固定,苏木精-伊红染色,光学显微镜下观察组织病理学改变,并进行显微照相。结果:27只新西兰兔造模成功24只,未造模成功的3只归为正常对照组。经观察,在改善兔耳痤疮反应强度上,痤疮消霜高剂量组与模型组比较(t=2.62,P<0.05),说明痤疮消霜高剂量能明显降低兔耳痤疮反应强度,有很好的治疗痤疮的作用;痤疮消霜高剂量组与维A酸霜组相比较(t=0.06,P>0.05),两者无统计学差异。同时,在兔耳病理改变上,痤疮消霜高剂量组兔耳病变改善明显,其表皮增厚状况明显减轻,毛囊口扩张程度减轻,毛囊四周角化层明显减轻,炎性细胞减少,与模型组相比(χ~2=4.00,P<0.05),有统计学差异。痤疮消霜低剂量组兔耳病变程度与模型组相比(χ~2=1.09,P>0.05),无统计学差异,未见明显改善。维A酸霜组与痤疮消霜高剂量组相比(χ~2=0.34,P>0.05),无统计学差异。结论:痤疮消霜高剂量组对煤焦油所致兔耳痤疮模型有明显改善作用。     

痤疮患者痤疮丙酸杆菌耐药性的研究进展

痤疮丙酸杆菌在痤疮发生中起重要作用。局部或系统使用抗生素治疗痤疮的炎症性损害 ,取得了很好的疗效。然而 ,近年来有关痤疮丙酸杆菌耐药导致痤疮治疗失败的报道逐年增多。概述了痤疮丙酸杆菌在痤疮发生中的作用、耐药现状及其发生机制 ,以及如何能够尽可能减少或避免耐药菌的产生 ,从而提高药物疗效。     

痤疮的现代研究进展

痤疮是临床常见病，多发病。所以痤疮一直是皮肤科研究的热门课题。本文就痤疮的发病、病因和治疗方面的研究进展作一综述。     

痤疮的抗雄激素治疗

痤疮的发生与体内雄激素水平及其代谢密切相关。抗雄激素治疗通过抑制雄激素的产生或干扰雄激素在靶器官的活动而发挥作用，主要药物有雌性激素，抗雄激素药物和糖皮质激素三大类。治疗方法为口服给药和局部外用。本文就抗雄激素治疗痤疮的原因，治疗方法，不同治疗方案作一综述。     

痤疮的抗雄激素治疗

痤疮的发生与体内雄激素水平及其代谢密切相关。抗雄激素治疗通过抑制雄激素的产生或干扰雄激素在靶器官的活动而发挥作用,主要药物有雌性激素,抗雄激素药物和糖皮质激素三大类。治疗方法为口服给药和局部外用。本文就抗雄激素治疗痤疮的原理、治疗方法、不同治疗方案作一综述。     

Translational drug discovery and development with the use of tissue-relevant biomarkers: Towards more physiological relevance and better prediction of clinical efficacy

Due to the clinical development of drugs such as secukinumab, ustekinumab and dupilumab, major changes have been achieved in the treatment of patients diagnosed with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In academia and the pharmaceutical industry, research is increasingly moving towards the development of bispecific antibodies and multi-specific nanobodies, as there is a compelling need for new treatment modalities for patients suffering from autoimmune or malignant disease. The purpose of this review is to discuss aspects of translational drug development with a particular emphasis on indications such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The identification of biomarkers, the assessment of target organ pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions and a wide range of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models should contribute to an appropriate prediction of a biological effect in the clinical setting. As human biology may not be perfectly reflected by approaches such as skin equivalents or animal models, novel approaches such as the use of human skin and dermal microperfusion assays in healthy volunteers and patients appear both reasonable and mandatory. These models may indeed generate highly translationally relevant data that have the potential to reduce the failure rate of drugs currently undergoing clinical development.     

In the shadow of the wrinkle: experimental models

Research on aging has run for decades, and knowledge on the biologic process of skin chronological and photoaging is still increasing thanks to read across results generated between human, animal, and in vitro studies. However, wrinkles should not be considered to result only from the aging process. There are few reports on specific wrinkle histological features compared to the surrounding skin, and there is thus a need in really wrinkling skin animal and in vitro models. UV-irradiated Hr mouse is a good model because it develops wrinkles. Nevertheless, as mouse skin is somehow different from human skin, the innovative model of wrinkling human skin xenograft on SCID mice seems to be really promising. Concerning in vitro and ex vivo models, although there have been considerable advances in reconstructing realistic aged skins, there is still a lack of in vitro wrinkling skin model, and unfortunately, this gap will probably be difficult to fill.     

脂溢性角化病造模方法研究进展

脂溢性角化病是常见的皮肤良性肿瘤之一,病因及发病机制尚不清楚。为探索其发病机制及有效治疗药物,众多研究者建立了脂溢性角化病模型,如基因工程小鼠模型、紫外线诱导模型、异种移植模型、原代细胞模型等,现对近年来的模型作一综述。     

萎缩性痤疮瘢痕治疗进展

萎缩性痤疮瘢痕治疗方法较多,主要包括激光治疗、非激光治疗及联合治疗,其中以现代激光和射频等新技术的研究进展较多。该文就现有方法对萎缩性痤疮瘢痕的治疗进展进行综述。     

玫瑰痤疮的治疗进展

玫瑰痤疮药物治疗包括抗生素类、维A酸类、免疫抑制剂、α肾上腺素受体激动剂、抗幽门螺杆菌药物及ε氨基己酸(ACA)等,此外多种类型的激光已经越来越多地用于玫瑰痤疮的治疗。本文将对以上内容进行综述。     

反常性痤疮发病机制及治疗研究进展

反常性痤疮发病机制与遗传、免疫、感染等因素有关,包括γ-分泌酶的表达,Notch信号通路传导及Toll样受体等,治疗上首选药物治疗,效果不佳,可行外科手术治疗,本文对反常性痤疮发病机制及治疗进展进行综述。     

Progress towards genetic and pharmacological therapies for keratin genodermatoses: current perspective and future promise

Hereditary keratin disorders of the skin and its appendages comprise a large group of clinically heterogeneous disfiguring blistering and ichthyotic diseases, primarily characterized by the loss of tissue integrity, blistering and hyperkeratosis in severely affected tissues. Pathogenic mutations in keratins cause these afflictions. Typically, these mutations in concert with characteristic features have formed the basis for improved disease diagnosis, prognosis and most recently therapy development. Examples include epidermolysis bullosa simplex, keratinopathic ichthyosis, pachyonychia congenita and several other tissue-specific hereditary keratinopathies. Understanding the molecular and genetic events underlying skin dysfunction has initiated alternative treatment approaches that may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for affected patients. Animal and in vitro disease modelling studies have shed more light on molecular pathogenesis, further defining the role of keratins in disease processes and promoting the translational development of new gene and pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Given that the molecular basis for these monogenic disorders is well established, gene therapy and drug discovery targeting pharmacological compounds with the ability to reinforce the compromised cytoskeleton may lead to promising new therapeutic strategies for treating hereditary keratinopathies. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent advances in the preclinical and clinical modelling and development of gene, natural product, pharmacological and protein-based therapies for these disorders, highlighting the feasibility of new approaches for translational clinical therapy.     

Update in retinoid therapy of acne

The pathogenesis of acne, the most common skin disease, is complex and multifactorial. Clinical experience has demonstrated that parallel targeting of various pathogenetic factors, achieved either by mono- or combination therapy with appropriate drugs, represents the most effective approach to treating acne. Topical retinoids have been shown to expulse mature comedones, reduce microcomedone formation, and exert immunomodulatory effects. They have broad anti-acne activity without the risk of inducing bacterial resistance, which justifies their use as first-line treatment in most types of noninflammatory and inflammatory acne and makes them uniquely suitable as long-term medication to maintain remission after cessation of initial combination therapy. Systemic isotretinoin as a monotherapeutic agent strongly affects all four major pathogenetic factors and has been, in the hand of experienced dermatologists, a potent and safe agent for the treatment of severe and recalcitrant acne forms for more that 20 years. However, patient counseling, careful monitoring, and evaluation and management of adverse events are necessary. The use of isotretinoin has experienced a drawback now that its indication has been lowered from a first-line to a second-line medication.     

化脓性汗腺炎与相关皮肤菌群的研究进展

化脓性汗腺炎以反复发生疼痛性皮肤脓肿、窦道伴瘢痕形成为特征,其病因及发病机制尚不清楚,但与皮肤菌群密切相关,金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、混合厌氧菌是在患者皮损中最常分离到的细菌.本文就化脓性汗腺炎与相关皮肤菌群的研究进展进行综述.     

Migration and penetration of a fluorescent textile dye into the skin –in vivo versus in vitro methods

Abstract:  The amount of textile dye migration from the textile and penetration into the skin is relevant when assessing the risk of textile dyes. In this paper, in vivo methods were developed using a harmless textile dye with a strong fluorescence and were then compared with in vitro methods. For the in vivo method, the textile was applied to the lower back of six volunteers wearing the textile 12 h and to the lower back of 12 volunteers during 30 min active sport. The maximum skin absorption of 55 ± 17 ng/cm² was obtained in the group engaged in sports. The in vitro methods, which involved the application of the textile to the pig ear skin, was shown to yield similar results to the 12 h in vivo group (31.2 ± 9.6 ng/cm² vs 27 ± 14 ng/cm²). The migration of the textiles into artificial sweat resulted in approximately 20  μ g/cm². The disadvantage of such textile extract applications on pig ear skin is discussed. It could be demonstrated that the absorption of the dye is strongly correlated to the amount of sweat, whereas the contact time was less important.