幽门螺旋杆菌感染胃黏膜COX-2和P-gp表达与胃癌发生

背景与目的通过检测幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobacter Pylori,H.pylori)感染胃粘膜组织环氧合酶-2(Cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)和多药耐药-1(Multidrug resistance-1,MDR-1)基因表达产物P糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)表达,探讨幽门螺旋杆菌相关胃癌的发生机制,以及P-gp高表达的机制。材料与方法慢性胃炎155例(30例慢性浅表性、40例慢性萎缩性、45例肠化、40例非典型增生)及胃癌80例(肠型40例,弥漫型40例),COX-2和P-gp表达检测选择免疫组化S-P法,H.pylori感染检测采用快速脲素酶及改良Giemsa染色方法。结果H.pylori阳性感染率、COX-2和P-gp的阳性表达率,肠型胃癌均明显高于弥漫型胃癌(P<0.01)。慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠化、非典型增生及肠型胃癌中H.pylori感染与COX-2的表达呈正相关(P<0.01)。H.pylori感染的慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠化、非典型增生及肠型胃癌中COX-2的表达与P-gp的表达也均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论H.pylori依赖的COX-2表达与P-gp表达有关,可能有助于胃癌形成以及胃癌对化疗抵制。     

幽门螺杆菌感染和环氧合酶-2表达在胃癌发生中的作用

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌 (Hp) 感染和环氧合酶-2(COX-2)表达在胃癌发生中的作用.方法 138例胃镜活检标本包括慢性非萎缩性胃炎30例,慢性萎缩性胃炎85例(其中伴有中度以上肠化生45例,中、重度异型增生12例),和胃癌23例.快速尿素酶试验和组织学改良Giemsa染色联合检测Hp,免疫组化检查COX-1和COX-2表达.结果胃癌的Hp阳性率为69.6%,显著高于慢性非萎缩性胃炎的36.7%(P<0.05).慢性非萎缩性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠化生、异型增生和胃癌的COX-2表达率分别为10.0%、37.6%、37.8%、41.7%和69.6%,而不同胃黏膜病变中COX-1表达无明显差异.慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠化生和异型增生中Hp阳性病例的COX-2表达显著高于Hp阴性病例(P<0.01).结论 Hp感染及其诱导的COX-2表达可能是胃癌发生的早期事件之一.     

胃癌及癌前病变与幽门螺杆菌感染相关性的临床分析

目的:测定幽门螺杆菌在萎缩肠化生胃炎,异型增生及胃癌中感染情况,探讨Hp与它们的相关性。方法:萎缩肠化生胃炎(A组)患者342例,异型增生(B组)229例,胃癌患者(C组)298例,采用Hp抗体ELISA法检测血清抗Hp-IgG抗体。结果:肠化生患者较非肠化生胃黏膜中的Hp感染多见。异型增生和胃癌的Hp感染率均高于萎缩性胃炎组(P<0.05),异型增生和胃癌两者间的Hp感染率亦存在差异(P<0.05)。幽门螺杆菌感染的萎缩肠化生胃炎及异性增生较非幽门螺杆菌感染者发生癌变的差异性显著,P<0.05;幽门螺杆菌感染的胃癌5年生存期显著短于非感染者,P<0.05。结论:Hp感染与萎缩肠化生胃炎,异型增生及胃癌有密切相关性,并缩短萎缩肠化生胃炎,异型增生癌变时间,缩短胃癌5年生存时间。     

慢性胃病伴肠上皮化生、胃癌与幽门螺旋杆菌感染的关系

目的探讨慢性胃病伴肠上皮化生、胃癌与幽门螺旋杆菌（helicobacter pylore,HP）感染的关系。方法采用warthin—strarry银染色方法,对380例慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡组织及胃癌的癌旁组织进行HP检测．应用（alcianblue—PH2．5-periodic—schiff,AB—PAS）、（high-iron—diamine-alcianblue—PH2．5,HID-AB）黏液组织化学方法,区别慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡组织及胃癌的癌旁组织伴有肠上皮化生的类型。结果总例数380例。HP阳性率为69．74％。慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡组织及胃癌的癌旁组织伴肠上皮化生的HP感染率分别为77．78％、85．71％、100．00％、80．95％。慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡及胃癌的癌旁组织伴肠上皮化生AB—PAS染色阳性率分别为86．84％、91．43％、93．33％、100．00％;HID—AB染色阳性率分别为34．21％、42．86％、53．33％、85．71％。癌旁组织的肠上皮化生中,78．57％为不完全大肠型,慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡伴肠上皮化生中,不完全小肠型比例分别为52．63％、54．28％、53．33％;不完全大肠型比例分别为28．95％、31．43％、20．00％。结论HP感染与慢性胃病伴肠上皮化生及胃癌的发生密切相关。癌旁组织的不完全大肠型肠上皮化生与胃癌的发生密切相关;慢性胃病组织当中的小灶状不完全大肠型上皮化生具有潜在发生癌变的可能性。     

胃癌及癌前病变与幽门螺杆菌

目的　幽门螺杆菌 (Helicobacterpylori,Hpylori)感染与胃癌的关系一直倍受人们关注 ,检查胃癌及癌前病变 ,如萎缩性胃炎、肠腺化生、异型增生病人Hpylori感染情况 ,了解Hpylori感染与胃癌的关系。方法　通过胃镜钳取胃粘膜 ,用快速尿素酶试验法(RUT)、PCR法、HE银染法等三种方法同时检查 ,判定Hpylori感染 ,并作病理细胞学检查。共查萎缩性胃炎 89例、肠腺化生 64例、异型增生 47例、胃癌 3 0例 ,功能性消化不良 10 3例作为对照。结果　Hpylori阳性率在萎缩性胃炎、肠腺化生病人中较高 ,分别是79 3 %和 81 3 % ,与对照组功能性消化不良病人 (阳性率 61 2 % )相比有显著统计学差异 ,P值均小于 0 0 1。异型增生组Hp阳性率较低 72 % ,与对照组相比P >0 0 5 ,无显著统计学差异。胃癌病人与对照组相比P <0 0 5 ,Hp阳性率显著降低。结论　Hpylori感染与萎缩性胃炎、胃粘膜肠腺化生密切相关 ,与异型增生、胃癌无直接关系。Hpylori感染主要参与癌前病变的前期阶段 ,是胃癌的高危险因素     

Ectopic expression of guanylyl cyclase C and endogenous ligand guanylin correlates significantly with Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis

The molecular mechanisms leading to gastric carcinogenesis still remain unclear. Recently, several studies demonstrated that over-expression of guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) has been detected in intestinal-type gastric cancer (GC) and precursor lesions. Our objective was to explore the expression levels of GCC and endogenous ligands guanylin (GN) and uroguanylin (UGN) and the correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and GCC, GN, and UGN expressions in patients at different stages from normal mucosa to superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia, and finally adenocarcinoma. The expression of GCC and GN was absent in the distal normal gastric tissues and superficial gastritis in all cases, whereas they were measured in IM, dysplasia, and GC. The expression of GCC and GN was closely related to intestinal-type GC. From superficial gastritis to gastric carcinomas, the H. pylori positive rate was 19.7, 33.3, 69.6, 80.0, and 82.1%, respectively. The positive correlation was found between GCC and GN in IM, dysplasia, and GC. Also, the positive correlation was found between GCC, GN, and H. pylori infection in them. These results demonstrate that the detection of GCC and GN will be beneficial to diagnosis human gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions. Ectopic expression of GCC and GN in human gastric mucosa and H. pylori infection may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of the intestinal-type GC.     

老年患者的幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与胃癌及癌前病变中C-myc、p16、p53、K-ras和C-erbB-2基因表达

目的探讨老年患者幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与胃癌及癌前病变中C-myc、p16、p53、K-ras和C．erbB-2基因表达及其临床意义。方法分析老年患者的胃镜检查活检标本116例,HE染色观察胃黏膜的炎症和异型增生变化,特染法检测胃黏膜的肠上皮化生,应用Warthin-stary银染色法检测HP,应用ELISA法检测血清学HPIgG,14C尿素呼气试验（14C-UBT）检测HP,应用免疫组化sP法检测C-myc、p16、p53、K-ras和C-erbB-2基因的表达。结果老年患者在不同胃组织中C-myc、p16、p53基因的表达均有显著差异,而K-ras和C-erbB-2基因表达未见显著性差异。HP感染率以胃癌为最高,其次为胃溃疡。结论本实验通过老年患者的HP检测和观察胃黏膜的炎症和异型增生变化,再结合癌基因和抑癌基因的表达异常,提示萎缩性胃炎异型增生、肠上皮化生和胃癌的HP感染率均高于非萎缩性胃炎。再次表明胃癌与HP感染有一定相关性。     

P504S、Ki-67对老年胃癌的早期诊断价值及与幽门螺旋杆菌的相关性研究

目的:探讨分析P504S、Ki-67在老年人群中萎缩性胃炎、低级别上皮内瘤变、高级别上皮内瘤变、早期胃癌中的表达情况及其与幽门螺旋杆菌感染的相关性。方法:应用免疫组化法检测2018年3月至2019年3月陕西省人民医院胃镜活检标本157例（其中包括43例慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生、42例低级别上皮内瘤变、39例高级别上皮内瘤变及33例高分化腺癌）标本中P504S、Ki-67的表达情况及HP感染情况。结果:在慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠化、低级别上皮内瘤变、高级别上皮内瘤变及高分化腺癌标本中,P504S、Ki-67 的表达呈逐渐增高的趋势,并且与HP感染与否没有显著相关性。结论:P504S和Ki-67在胃的癌前病变及早期胃癌中的表达与疾病的发生、发展具有一定的相关性,可以作为老年人群胃癌癌前病变及早期胃癌的辅助诊断手段,且与HP感染不具相关性。     

Promoter methylation of p16 associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in precancerous gastric lesions: a population-based study

To investigate the relationship between p16 methylation and Helicobacter pylori infection in precancerous gastric lesions, a population-based study was conducted in Linqu County, a high-risk area of gastric cancer in China. Methylation status of p16 was evaluated by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 920 subjects with precancerous gastric lesions. H. pylori status was determined by 13C-urea breath test and the density of H. pylori in biopsy specimens used for detecting methylation status was assessed by the modified Giemsa stain. The frequency of p16 methylation was significantly higher in subjects with H. pylori positive than those with H. pylori negative in each category of gastric lesion (p<0.001, respectively). Compared with H. pylori negative, the odds ratios (ORs) of p16 methylation were markedly elevated in subjects with H. pylori positive for superficial gastritis (OR, 9.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.94-30.41), chronic atrophic gastritis (OR, 15.92; 95%CI: 7.60-33.36), intestinal metaplasia (OR, 4.46; 95%CI: 2.44-8.13), indefinite dysplasia (OR, 3.67; 95%CI: 1.90-7.10), and dysplasia (OR, 2.48; 95%CI: 1.02-5.99). Moreover, the frequencies of p16 methylation increased steadily with the severity of H. pylori density in gastric mucosa. Compared with H. pylori negative, the OR of p16 methylation was 1.02-16.13 times higher in subjects with mild H. pylori infection, and 2.69-38.73 times higher in those with moderate/severe infection, respectively. Our findings indicate that p16 methylation was significantly associated with H. pylori infection in precancerous gastric lesions, suggesting that H. pylori infection could potently induce methylation of p16 CpG island.     

Does treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Reduce Gastric Precancerous Lesions?

Background: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) decreases the prevalence of gastric cancer, andmay inhibit gastric precancerous lesions progression into gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determinethe effect of treatment on subsequent gastric precancerous lesion development. Materials and Methods: Weprospectively studied 27 patients who had low grade dysplasia at the time of enrollment, in addition to dysplasiaatrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia observed in all patients. All were prescribed quadruple therapy totreat H. Pylori infection for 10 days. Patients underwent endoscopy with biopsy at enrollment and then at followup two years later. Biopsy samples included five biopsies from the antrum of lesser curvature, antrum of greatercurvature, angularis, body of stomach and fundus. Results of these biopsies were compared before and aftertreatment. Results: Overall, the successful eradication rate after two years was 15/27 (55.6%). After antibiotictherapy, the number of patients with low grade dysplasia decreased significantly (p=0.03), also with reductionof the atrophic lesions (p=0.01), but not metaplasia. Conclusions: Treatment of H. pylori likely is an effectivetherapy in preventing the development of subsequent gastric premalignant lesions.     

胃癌组织中Sonic Hedgehog表达及其与NF-kappaB的关系研究

目的探讨Hedgehog在胃癌及其癌前病变中的表达及与NF-kappaB的关系。方法选择50例萎缩性胃炎、46例肠化生和57例胃癌患者的胃黏膜内镜活检样本,同时选择30例正常人作为对照;分为萎缩性胃炎组、肠化生组、胃癌组和正常黏膜组。通过病理学检测患者Hpylori感染状况。免疫组化法检测Hedgehog和NF-kappaB在不同阶段胃癌组织中的表达差异。流式细胞仪分析各组胃黏膜细胞的周期分布和凋亡率。Western blot检测Hedgehog表达。结果在胃癌的发展过程中,胃黏膜组织中Hedgehog表达水平先降低后升高。NF-kappaB表达水平在正常胃组织、萎缩性胃炎和肠化生组织中无明显变化,但在胃癌组织中表达显著增强。与正常胃黏膜组织比较,萎缩性胃炎、肠化生和胃癌组织中的S期细胞比例更高。细胞凋亡率萎缩性胃炎组和肠化生组较高,而胃癌组较低。抑制NF-kappaB后,Hedgehog蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达降低。结论在胃癌的发展过程中,Hedgehog蛋白表达水平先降低后升高。H pylori感染可能通过激活NF-kappaB,继而增强Hedgehog表达,同时赋予胃癌细胞凋亡抵抗。     

幽门螺杆菌感染与胃癌前病变及胃癌的相关性研究

 目的　从病理形态学方面探讨幽门螺杆菌 ( Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染与胃粘膜癌前病变和胃癌的关系。方法　采用 HE、Warthin- Starry及 HID- AB( p H2 .5) - PAS染色法 ,对 1 51例胃镜活检及手术切除胃标本中慢性萎缩性胃炎 ( CAG)、胃上皮不典型增生 ( gastric epithelialdysplasia,GED)、肠上皮化生 ( intestinal metaplasia,IM)及胃癌 ( Ca)组织中 Hp的感染状况进行观察 ,并对 Hp的感染与各病变间的关系进行对比研究。结果　本组病例胃粘膜 Hp检出率为 66.2 %( 1 0 0 /1 51 )。 Hp的感染主要见于胃贲门以外部位 ,尤其胃窦部多见 ,但 Hp感染与 CAG、IMI、 型及弥漫型胃癌的发生无明显关系 ( ( P>0 .0 5) ,与 GED(尤其 GED 、 级 )、IM 型和肠型胃癌的发生显著相关 ( P<0 .0 5)。结论　Hp感染是导致胃粘膜 型肠上皮化生、中度和重度不典型增生及肠型胃癌的重要致病因素 ,应引起高度重视.     

幽门螺杆菌感染的胃黏膜上皮细胞环氧合酶-2表达及意义

目的　探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的胃黏膜上皮细胞环氧合酶-2 (COX -2 )的表达及其在胃黏膜癌变过程中的意义。方法　采用快速尿素酶试验和组织学碱性品红染色法检测胃黏膜Hp感染状况;应用免疫组化法检测胃黏膜上皮细胞COX- 2表达状况。结果　32例胃癌中,COX -2表达阳性2 2例(6 8.7%)。1 2例Hp阴性的胃黏膜中,有1例(8.3%)COX -2低表达;1 0例Hp阳性正常胃黏膜中,仅1例(1 0 .0 %)COX -2低表达;9例Hp阳性的胃黏膜充血水肿糜烂者中,有5例(5 5 .6 %)COX 2表达阳性,与Hp阴性者和Hp阳性正常胃黏膜者比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 5 ) ;1 0例Hp阳性的轻度萎缩性胃炎伴轻度肠化生者中,COX -2表达阳性5例(5 0 .0 %) ;1 0例Hp阳性的中重度萎缩性胃炎伴中重度肠化生者中,COX -2表达阳性8例(80 .0 %) ;8例Hp阳性的中重度不典型增生者中,COX 2表达阳性6例(75 .0 %)。中重度萎缩性胃炎伴中重度肠化生和不典型增生者的COX 2表达高于轻度萎缩性胃炎伴轻度肠化生者(P <0 .0 5 )。结论　Hp感染诱导慢性浅表性胃炎黏膜上皮细胞的COX -2表达与黏膜损伤形成有关;根据胃癌发生模式,COX -2表达上调与Hp感染胃黏膜癌变发生相关,且可能在癌前病变形成早期阶段起作用。     

Chronic atrophic gastritis in a population at risk for gastric carcinoma

Gastric mucosa of 585 patients at risk for gastric carcinoma and undergoing oesophago-gastroscopy for dyspeptic symptoms was examined histologically and histochemically. Sixteen (2.7%) of the patients studied showed gastric carcinoma. The intestinal type of gastric carcinoma was the most common, present in males over 40 yrs old, and was found in 1:16. Early cancers were present in 3 patients. Chronic atrophic gastritis of the A, B and AB types was present in 32.8%. Types A and AB were noted sporadically. Males over 40 and tobacco smokers showed the prevalence of the type B (idiopathic chronic pangastritis) and incomplete intestinal metaplasia. No relationship of the mucosal precursor lesions to sulpho- and sialomucins were detected. Helicobacter pylori infestation of gastric mucosa was present in 81% of patients and relatively common in the young patients with normal gastric mucosa; therefore this finding confirms a predilection of Helicobacter pylori to the Third World.     

Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer

The pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) includes a sequence of events that begins with Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic superficial gastritis, progressing towards atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and eventually GC. The association between H. pylori and GC is supported by experimental data showing a capacity of H. pylori to induce GC in animals, and the results of interventional studies showing that H. pylori eradication can lower the risk of GC and prevent development of pre-cancerous lesions in humans and in experimental animals. The "driving force" of gastric carcinogenesis is a chronic gastric inflammation, whose intensity and localisation depending on bacterial, host and environmental factors, determines the risk of GC. The mechanisms by which chronic inflammation lead to epithelial and pre-cancerous lesions include induction of oxidative stress, perturbation of the epithelial cells proliferation/apoptosis ratio, and cytokine secretion. Several molecular alterations associated with gastric carcinogenesis have also been described.     

Age and severity of mucosal lesions influence the performance of serologic markers in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastroduodenal pathologies

OBJECTIVE: The course of Helicobacter pylori infection and antibody response to CagA in patients with preneoplastic lesions and gastric cancer has not been thoroughly studied. We aimed to study H. pylori infection and antibody response to CagA in patients with non-atrophic gastritis, preneoplastic lesions, and gastric cancer. METHODS: We studied patients attending one Oncology Hospital and one General Hospital in Mexico City. Diagnosis was based on endoscopy and histopathology in biopsies from six stomach regions. H. pylori infection was assessed by histology and serology, and antibodies against CagA were measured with immunoassay. RESULTS: We included 618 patients, 368 with non-atrophic gastritis, 126 with precancerous lesions, and 65 with gastric cancer; in addition, 59 patients with duodenal ulcer were studied. Detection of infection and IgG against CagA had a significant increase from non-atrophic gastritis to mild and up to advanced stages of metaplasia (P < 0.05), followed by decreased infection and IgG to CagA in patients with gastric cancer (P < 0.05). However, infection and CagA antibodies were associated with young gastric cancer cases. Duodenal ulcer showed a significant association with infection detected by histology and serology, particularly among women, and a trend to associate with IgG to CagA. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that H. pylori infection and CagA are risk markers for intestinal metaplasia. The prevalence of these risk markers decreases in gastric cancer, probably reflecting that infection decreases after advanced atrophy and metaplasia in the gastric mucosa. State of the disease, age, and sex influence the association of H. pylori infection and IgG response to CagA with gastroduodenal diseases.     

Patterns of gastric atrophy in intestinal type gastric carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Multifocal atrophic gastritis (MAG) is currently considered a precancerous lesion leading to intestinal type gastric carcinoma. The current study aimed to describe the topography of atrophy in stomachs with early gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Resected stomachs from patients with intestinal type gastric carcinoma were routinely processed, sectioned (an average of 108 sections/stomach), and stained with a triple stain. Sections were scored on a visual analog scale for Helicobacter pylori and intestinal metaplasia. The type of epithelium (antral, oxyntic, transitional) was recorded. Atrophy was defined as the loss of normal glandular components and included intestinal metaplasia and/or pseudo-pyloric metaplasia of the corpus. Pseudo-pyloric metaplasia was identified by the presence of pepsinogen I in mucosa that was topographically corpus but phenotypically antrum. RESULTS: Sixteen stomachs with intestinal type gastric carcinoma were examined. In none of the specimens examined was MAG (independent foci of atrophy) identified. In the majority (88%), atrophy was present as a continuous sheet. Islands of intestinal metaplasia (multifocal intestinal metaplasia) were present within a sheet of pseudo-pyloric metaplasia. A few specimens (12%) had a non-atrophic corpus with almost total replacement of antral epithelium with intestinal metaplasia. Multifocal dysplasia distant from the original tumor was found both in areas with and without intestinal metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to popular belief, atrophy in intestinal type gastric carcinoma is not present as independent foci, but rather as a continuous sheet. Previous studies failed to identify pseudo-pylori metaplasia as a marker for atrophy.     

Outcome of Intestinal Metaplasia in Gastric Biopsy of Patients with Dyspepsia in Guilan Province,North Iran

Background: It is generally accepted that gastric carcinomas are preceded by a sequential multistage processthat includes chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy, usually with intestinal metaplasia (IM), and dysplasia. This seriesof changes in gastric carcinogenesis is often initiated by Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The aim of thepresent study was determination of gastric histopathologic changes in IM patients after at least one year in Guilanprovince, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-series study was conducted in Guilan Gastrointestinal and LiverDisease Research Center (GLDRC) during 2010 to 2011. Gastric biopsy was performed for all 71 known cases ofIM and precanceric lesions including gastric atrophy, IM, dysplasia and H pylori infection were determined afterat least one year. Results: Of the total of 71 patients with established IM who were enrolled, 50 had complete-typeIM and 21 had incomplete-type IM. Fifty two people had H pylori infection. H pylori eradication was achievedin 39 patients (75%). Secondary pathology findings of patients with IM were complete metaplasia (39.4%),incomplete metaplasia (32.4%), dysplasia (23.9%) and other precanceric lesions (4.2%). Dysplasia (20%vs 33%)occurred in patients who had complete and incomplete IM at baseline respectively (p>0.05). Age, gender, familyhistory of gastric cancer(GC); smoking habits and NSAIDs use were not associated with gastric premalignantlesions in initial and secondary pathologies (p>0.05). The difference became statistically significant between Hpylori infection in patients with more than 3 years diagnostic intervals (p<0.05). Statistical difference betweeneradicators and non-eradicators was not significant. Conclusions: We found that incomplete IM increased therisk of subsequent dysplasia in this study.     

Antigen MG7 in gastric cancer and gastric precancerous lesions

Earlydetectionandearlydiagnosisofgastriccancerareessentialtodecreasethemortalityandincreasesurvivalrateofgastriccancer.TheZhuangheregioninLiaoningProvinceisahighriskareaofgastriccancerandanimportantresearchbaseforgastriccancerpreventionandtreatmentinChina[1].AlargescalescreeningofgastriccancerinthisareawascarriedoutbytheCancerInstituteofChinaMedicalUniversitypreviously.Inthepresentstudy,thegastricmucosasamplesfromthescreeningwereusedtoinvestigatethedynamicexpressionofgastriccancer-associat…