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1.
Camps M Ricart S Dimova V Rovira N Muñoz-Almagro C Garcia JJ Pons-Odena M Marcos MA Pumarola T 《Journal of medical virology》2008,80(8):1452-1460
Human metapneumovirus was discovered recently respiratory virus implicated in both upper and lower respiratory tract infection. In children, the clinical symptoms of human metapneumovirus are similar to those produced by respiratory syncytial virus, ranging from mild to severe diseases such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of human metapneumovirus and other common respiratory viruses among admitted to hospital infants. From January 2006 to June 2006, 99 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from hospitalized children younger than 12 months in order to study respiratory viruses. Human metapneumovirus detection was performed by cell culture and two RT-PCR targeting on polymerase and fusion genes. The latter gene was used for phylogenetic analysis. In 67/99 children (67%) at least one viral pathogen was identified, the viruses detected most frequently were respiratory syncytial virus (35%), human metapneumovirus (25%) and rhinovirus (19%). The results obtained in this study, show that: (1) human metapneumovirus is one of the most important viruses among children less than 12 months; (2) children infected with human metapneumovirus were significantly older than those infected by respiratory syncytial virus; (3) human metapneumovirus was associated more frequently with pneumonia whereas respiratory syncytial virus was only detected in patients with bronchiolitis; (4) there was a clear epidemiological succession pattern with only a small overlap among the viruses detected most frequently; (5) all human metapneumovirus samples were clustered within sublineage A2. 相似文献
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Freymuth F Vabret A Cuvillon-Nimal D Simon S Dina J Legrand L Gouarin S Petitjean J Eckart P Brouard J 《Journal of medical virology》2006,78(11):1498-1504
The performances of four multiplex PCR (m-PCR) were compared to direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and HuH7 cell culture for the detection of viruses in 263 children admitted to hospital with an acute respiratory illness. One hundred fifty (57.6%) nasal aspirates were found DFA-positive; 188 (72.3%) were found positive by both DFA and HuH7 cell culture, and 242 (92%) were PCR-positive. The m-PCR detected 124 viruses which were not found by conventional methods: 68 rhinovirus, 17 human metapneumovirus, 15 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 8 parainfluenza virus (PIV), 5 coronavirus 229E, 3 OC43 and 3 NL63, 4 enterovirus, 2 influenza virus B and C virus. The m-PCR were more sensitive, had the advantages of a shorter delay in specific diagnosis, and a lower cost than DFA and culture. Using these m-PCR, the prevalence of each virus was compared between in-patient and out-patient groups of children attending the emergency unit of the hospital. Nasal aspirates from 411 (91.5%) children were found positive by the PCRs. RSV, rhinovirus, and influenza virus were the most frequent viruses detected in this population, representing 43.6%, 31.8%, and 8.8% of the virus found, respectively, followed by human metapneumovirus (4.4%), coronavirus (3.4%), parainfluenza virus (3.2%), adenovirus (2.3%), and enterovirus (2.1%). RSVs were detected more significantly in the in-patient group than in the out-patient group, and influenza viruses were detected more frequently in the out-patient group than in the in-patient group. Moreover, the use of m-PCR pointed out the frequency of rhinovirus and mixed viral detections in these patients. In conclusion, according to the requirements of speed and low cost of the methods, and to achieve the highest rate of detection of respiratory viruses, the combined use of DFA and m-PCR is today likely to be the best way to improve diagnosis of respiratory illnesses in children. 相似文献
3.
Detection of viral, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of asthma in children. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
F Freymuth A Vabret J Brouard F Toutain R Verdon J Petitjean S Gouarin J F Duhamel B Guillois 《Journal of clinical virology》1999,13(3):131-139
BACKGROUND: A high frequency of virus infections has been recently pointed out in the exacerbations of asthma in children. OBJECTIVES: To confirm this, using conventional and molecular detection methods, and expanding the study to younger children. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred and thirty-two nasal aspirates from 75 children hospitalized for a severe attack of asthma were studied (32 infants, mean age 9.1 months; and 43 children, mean age 5.6 years). According to the virus, a viral isolation technique, immunofluorescence assays (IFA) or both were used for the detection of rhinovirus, enterovirus, respiratory syncytial (RS) virus, adenovirus, coronavirus 229E, influenza and parainfluenza virus. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used for the detection of rhinovirus, enterovirus, RS virus, adenovirus, coronavirus 229E and OC43, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. RESULTS: Using IFA and viral isolation techniques, viruses were detected in 33.3% of cases, and by PCR techniques, nucleic acid sequences of virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were obtained in 71.9% of cases. The combination of conventional and molecular techniques detects 81.8% of positive samples. Two organisms were identified in the same nasal sample in 20.4% of the cases. The percentage of detections was higher (85.9%) in the younger group than in the other (77%). The most frequently detected agents were rhinovirus (46.9%) and RS virus (21.2%). Using PCR rather than conventional techniques, the detection rates were increased 5.8- and 1.6-fold in rhinovirus and RS virus infections, respectively. The detection levels of the other organisms are as follows: 9.8, 5.1, 4.5, 4.5, 4.5, 3.7, and 2.2% for enterovirus, influenza virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, adenovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results confirm the previously reported high frequency of rhinovirus detection in asthmatic exacerbations in children. They also point out the frequency of RS virus detection, and emphasize the fact that PCR assays may be necessary to diagnose respiratory infections in asthma. 相似文献
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Jér?me Jacques Maude Bouscambert-Duchamp Hélène Moret Jocelyne Carquin Véronique Brodard Bruno Lina Jacques Motte Laurent Andréoletti 《Journal of clinical virology》2006,35(4):463-466
BACKGROUND: Human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses (Picornaviridae) are suspected to be major viral etiological causes of bronchiolitis in infants. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we assessed the potential role of the respiratory picornaviruses as causative agents of bronchiolitis in French infants. STUDY DESIGN: From September 2001 to June 2002, we prospectively selected 192 infants < or =36 months of age and hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis. The detection of common respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza virus 1, 2, 3 and adenovirus) was performed using classical immunofluorescence antigen and cell-culture detection assays on nasopharyngeal aspirates whereas the detection of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was performed by a real-time RT-PCR assay. The presence of rhinovirus and/or enterovirus was assessed in respiratory samples by a picornavirus RT-PCR detection assay followed by a differential Southern blotting procedure. RESULTS: A potential causative virus was detected in 72.5% of the 192 study infants. RSV (30%), rhinovirus (21%), enterovirus (9%), influenza virus A (6%) and human metapneumovirus (4%) were the most frequent causative agents detected. Rhinoviruses or enteroviruses were detected as the only evidence of respiratory viral tract infection in 57 (30%) of 192 infants, whereas rhinovirus or enterovirus occurred in mixed viral infection detected in 25 (13%) of 192 study cases (30% versus 13%, p<10(-3)). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that respiratory picornaviruses are one of the leading etiological causes of bronchiolitis in French infants. These findings highlight the need to implement a rapid picornavirus RT-PCR detection assay for the clinical diagnosis of respiratory infections in pediatric patients with bronchiolitis. 相似文献
6.
BackgroundBacterial infections are well known factors underlying acute exacerbations in bronchiectasis. However, viral infections may also contribute to acute exacerbations. We aimed to assess the rate of viral detection in acute exacerbations of bronchiectasis, and the associated clinical factors.MethodsDiagnostic tests for viral and bacterial etiologies were performed in 792 patients with bronchiectasis who visited the emergency room or the respiratory care inpatient unit in a tertiary referral center in South Korea. All patients were diagnosed with bronchiectasis by chest computerized tomography and were prescribed antibiotics for a minimum of 3 days.ResultsViral pathogens were detected in 202 of the 792 enrolled patients (25.5%). The most common viral pathogen isolated was influenza A virus (24.8%), followed by rhinovirus (22.4%), influenza B virus (9.8%), respiratory syncytial virus B (8.9%), and human metapneumovirus (6.1%). In 145 patients, a viral, but not bacterial, pathogen was detected, whereas no pathogens were found in 443 patients with exacerbations. Multivariable analysis revealed that female sex and chronic heart disease as a comorbidity were positively associated with viral detection in acute exacerbations of patients with bronchiectasis, whereas the presence of radiographic infiltration was negatively associated.ConclusionRespiratory viruses were identified in approximately 25% of the acute exacerbations observed among patients with bronchiectasis. Of the viruses detected, influenza viruses and rhinovirus made up over 50%. More attention to viruses as possible causative pathogens for acute deteriorating symptoms in patients with bronchiectasis is warranted. 相似文献
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Tapasi Roy Mukherjee Shampa Chanda Satarupa Mullick Papiya De Malay Dey‐Sarkar Mamta Chawla‐Sarkar 《Journal of medical virology》2013,85(8):1459-1465
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Development of three multiplex RT-PCR assays for the detection of 12 respiratory RNA viruses 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Bellau-Pujol S Vabret A Legrand L Dina J Gouarin S Petitjean-Lecherbonnier J Pozzetto B Ginevra C Freymuth F 《Journal of virological methods》2005,126(1-2):53-63
Three multiplex hemi-nested RT-PCR assays were developed to detect simultaneously 12 RNA respiratory viruses: influenza viruses A, B and C, human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza virus types 1-4 (PIV-1, -2, -3 and -4), human coronavirus OC43 and 229E (HCoV) and rhinovirus (hRV). An internal amplification control was included in one of the RT-PCR assays. The RT-PCR multiplex 1 and the hemi-nested multiplex 1 detected 1 and 0.1 TCID50 of RSV A, respectively, and 0.01 and 0.001 TCID50 of influenza virus A/H3N2, respectively. Two hundred and three nasal aspirates from hospitalised children were retrospectively tested in comparison with two conventional methods: direct immunofluorescence assay and viral isolation technique. Almost all samples (89/91) that were positive by immunofluorescence assay and/or viral isolation technique were detected by the multiplex assay. This method also detected an additional 85 viruses and 33 co-infections. The overall sensitivity (98%), rapidity and enhanced efficiency of these multiplex hemi-nested RT-PCR assays suggest that they would be a significant improvement over conventional methods for the detection of a broad spectrum of respiratory viruses. 相似文献
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Routine viral culture for pediatric respiratory specimens submitted for direct immunofluorescence testing. 总被引:2,自引:6,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
From 1986 to 1987, 69 (25%) of 274 specimens from children with lower respiratory tract syndromes were positive for respiratory syncytial virus antigen by direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). Comprehensive viral culture was performed on all 205 DFA-negative specimens, and 72 specimens yielded viruses; 5 specimens yielded multiple agents. Thus, 52% of specimens yielded a specific virus, supporting the routine use of viral culture. Isolates from the DFA-negative specimens included respiratory syncytial virus (n = 7), rhinovirus (n = 34), hemadsorbing viruses (n = 13), cytomegalovirus (n = 11), adenovirus (n = 8), enteroviruses (n = 3), and herpes simplex virus (n = 2). Although serologic confirmation is needed, cytomegalovirus may be an underappreciated cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in normal children. Further studies must be conducted to document this possibility. 相似文献
11.
Hombrouck A Sabbe M Van Casteren V Wuillaume F Hue D Reynders M Gérard C Brochier B Van Eldere J Van Ranst M Thomas I 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2012,31(6):999-1007
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the proportion of influenza-like illness (ILI) attributable to specific viruses during the influenza A(H1N1)2009 pandemic and to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of ILI due to respiratory viruses in Belgium. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from ILI patients by general practitioners (GPs) and paediatricians (PediSurv) and analysed for viruses. Of 139 samples collected from children <5 years of age by PediSurv, 86 were positive, including 28 influenza (20%), 27 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (19%), 21 rhinovirus (17%), 12 human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (9%) and ten parainfluenza virus (PIV) (7%). Of 810 samples received from GPs, 426 were influenza (53%). Of 312 influenza-negative samples, 41 were rhinovirus (13%), 13 RSV (4%), 11 PIV (4%) and three hMPV (1%). Influenza mostly affected the 6-15 years old age group. Other respiratory viruses were commonly detected in the youngest patients. Similar clinical symptoms were associated with different respiratory viruses. Influenza A(H1N1)2009 was the most detected virus in ILI patients during the 2009-2010 winter, suggesting a good correlation between ILI case definition and influenza diagnosis. However, in children under 5 years of age, other respiratory viruses such as RSV were frequently diagnosed. Furthermore, our findings do not suggest that the early occurrence of the influenza A(H1N1)2009 epidemic impacted the RSV epidemic in Belgium. 相似文献
12.
Rosalyn J. Singleton Lisa R. Bulkow Karen Miernyk Carolynn DeByle Lori Pruitt Kimberlee Boyd Hummel Dana Bruden Janet A. Englund Larry J. Anderson Lynne Lucher Robert C. Holman Thomas W. Hennessy 《Journal of medical virology》2010,82(7):1282-1290
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Alaska Native children from the Yukon Kuskokwim (YK) Delta is associated with a hospitalization rate five times higher than that reported for the general US child population. The role of other viral respiratory pathogens has not been studied in this population. YK Delta children <3 years of age hospitalized with respiratory infections and same aged community control children were prospectively enrolled between October 2005 and September 2007. Polymerase chain reaction detection of viruses was performed on nasopharyngeal samples. Characteristics of hospitalized and asymptomatic control children were analyzed. From October 2005 to September 2007, 440 hospitalized and 425 control children were analyzed. Respiratory viruses were detected in 90% (395) of hospitalized children: 194 (44%) rhinovirus, 131 (30%) adenovirus, 102 (23%) RSV, 77 (18%) para influenza viruses (PIV), 66 (15%) human metapneumovirus (hMPV), 23 (5%) influenza, and 25 (6%) coronavirus. Fifty‐two percent (221) of control children had a virus detected, most commonly rhinovirus (33%), and adenovirus (16%). RSV, PIV, hMPV, and influenza were significantly more common in hospitalized cases than control children, but rhinovirus, adenovirus, and coronavirus were not. RSV and hMPV were associated with higher severity of illness. In this study, RSV remains the most important virus associated with respiratory hospitalization, although hMPV and PIV were also common. RSV and hMPV were associated with more severe illness. Rhinovirus and adenovirus were detected in two‐thirds of hospitalized children, but their frequent detection in control children made their role in respiratory hospitalization uncertain. J. Med. Virol. 82:1282–1290, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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BackgroundViruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding.ObjectiveTo estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the detection rate attributable to illness for each of the different respiratory virusesStudy designWe compared the prevalence of 10 common respiratory viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus 1–3; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); adenovirus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and enterovirus) in both HIV positive and negative patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI), and control subjects who did not report any febrile, respiratory or gastrointestinal illness during 2012–2015 in South Africa.ResultsWe enrolled 1959 SARI, 3784 ILI and 1793 controls with a HIV sero-prevalence of 26%, 30% and 43%, respectively. Influenza virus (AF: 86.3%; 95%CI: 77.7–91.6%), hMPV (AF: 85.6%; 95%CI: 72.0–92.6%), and RSV (AF: 83.7%; 95%CI: 77.5–88.2%) infections were associated with severe disease., while rhinovirus (AF: 46.9%; 95%CI: 37.6–56.5%) and adenovirus (AF: 36.4%; 95%CI: 20.6–49.0%) were only moderately associated.ConclusionsInfluenza, RSV and hMPV can be considered pathogens if detected in ILI and SARI while rhinovirus and adenovirus were commonly identified in controls suggesting that they may cause only a proportion of clinical disease observed in positive patients. Nonetheless, they may be important contributors to disease. 相似文献
14.
Esposito S Bosis S Niesters HG Tremolati E Sabatini C Porta A Fossali E Osterhaus AD Principi N 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2008,46(4):1337-1342
This study was planned to investigate the prevalence and clinical features of the illnesses associated with human bocavirus (hBoV) in children with acute disease. We prospectively enrolled all subjects aged less than 15 years attending an emergency room in Milan, Italy, on Wednesdays and Sundays between 1 November 2004 and 31 March 2005 for any acute medical reason, excluding surgical diseases and trauma. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected at admission to detect hBoV; influenza A and B viruses; respiratory syncytial virus; human metapneumovirus; parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4; rhinovirus; adenovirus; and coronaviruses 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1 by real-time PCR. Among the 1,332 enrolled children, hBoV was the fifth most frequently detected virus (7.4%). The rate of hBoV coinfections with other viruses was significantly higher than for the other viruses (50.5% versus 27.5%; P < 0.0001). Eighty-nine of the 99 hBoV-positive children (89.9%) had a respiratory tract infection, and 10 (10.1%) had gastroenteritis. hBoV coinfections had a significantly greater clinical and socioeconomic impact on the infected children and their households than hBoV infection alone. In conclusion, these findings show that the role of hBoV infection alone seems marginal in children attending an emergency room for acute disease; its clinical and socioeconomic importance becomes relevant only when it is associated with other viruses. 相似文献
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L. Ren R. Gonzalez Z. Wang Z. Xiang Y. Wang H. Zhou J. Li Y. Xiao Q. Yang J. Zhang L. Chen W. Wang Y. Li T. Li X. Meng Y. Zhang G. Vernet G. Paranhos-Baccalà J. Chen Q. Jin J. Wang 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2009,15(12):1146-1153
To determine the aetiological role and epidemiological profile of common respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), a 2-year study was conducted in Beijing, China, from May 2005 to July 2007. Nose and throat swab samples from 5808 ARTI patients were analysed by PCR methods for common respiratory viruses, including influenza viruses (IFVs) A, B, and C, parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) 1–4, enteroviruses (EVs), human rhinoviruses (HRVs), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronaviruses (HCoVs) OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1, and adenoviruses (ADVs). Viral pathogens were detected in 34.6% of patient samples, and 1.6% of the patients tested positive for more than one virus. IFVs (19.3%) were the dominant agents detected, followed by HRVs (6.5%), PIVs (4.3%), EVs (3.2%), and HCoVs (1.1%). ADVs, RSV and HMPV were also detected (<1%). The viral detection rates differed significantly between infections of the lower and upper respiratory tracts in the sample population: PIVs, the second most commonly detected viral agents in lower acute respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), were more prevalent than in upper acute respiratory tract infections, indicating that the pathogenic role of PIVs in LRTIs should be investigated. Currently, this study is the largest-scale investigation of respiratory virus infections in China with multiple agent detection, providing baseline data for further studies of respiratory virus infections in adults with ARTIs. 相似文献
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S. Kouni P. Karakitsos A. Chranioti M. Theodoridou G. Chrousos A. Michos 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2013,19(8):772-777
The impact of viral co-infections and recently discovered viruses on the epidemiology of respiratory infections in children is still unclear. To simultaneously detect viruses that are involved in the aetiology of respiratory infections, we used a DNA/RNA microarray assay that identifies 17 different viruses or viral subtypes. Rhinopharyngeal washes were taken from 611 children (aged 1 month to 14 years) who presented in the emergency department with respiratory infections from June 2010 to June 2011 and were treated as outpatients (299, 48.9%) or hospitalized (312, 51.1%). Lower respiratory tract infection was diagnosed more often in hospitalized children (68% versus 36%, p 0.001). Of 397 children in which microarrays detected viral infection (70.1%), a single virus was found in 228 (57.4%) and two or more viruses in 169 (42.5%). The most prevalent viruses among children with positive samples were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 225 (56.6%), parainfluenza virus (PIV) in 118 (29.7%), rhinovirus (RV) in 73 (18.4%), followed by influenza in 56 (14.1%), adenoviruses in 31 (7.8%), bocavirus in 25 (6.3%), human metapneumovirus in 15 (3.7%) and enteroviruses in 12 (3%). Most common viral co-infections were RSVA–RSVB in 46 children (27.2%), RSV–Influenza in 20 (11.8%), RSV–RV in 18 (10.6%) and PIV–RV in 13 (7.7%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that viral co-infections were associated with increased probability for hospitalization (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.01–2.29, p 0.04), and previous pneumococcal vaccination was associated with decreased probability for hospitalization (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33–0.81, p 0.004). We conclude that viral co-infections are involved in a significant proportion of children with an acute respiratory infection and may increase the severity of clinical presentation and the risk for hospitalization. 相似文献
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Detection and pathogenicity of human metapneumovirus respiratory infection in pediatric Italian patients during a winter--spring season. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Antonella Sarasini Elena Percivalle Francesca Rovida Giulia Campanini Emilia Genini Maria Torsellini Stefania Paolucci Fausto Baldanti Antonietta Marchi M Grazia Revello Giuseppe Gerna 《Journal of clinical virology》2006,35(1):59-68
BACKGROUND: Some diagnostic, epidemiological and clinical features of the recently discovered human metapneumovirus remain to be investigated. OBJECTIVES: To study the best approach for the diagnosis of human metapneumovirus infections by both conventional and molecular methods, along with the human metapneumovirus circulation rate in northern Italy and the severity of human metapneumovirus respiratory infections in a pediatric patient population. STUDY DESIGN: Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were taken from 306 pediatric patients during the winter-spring season 2003-2004, and examined for conventional respiratory viruses by direct fluorescent staining and cell culture, while human coronavirus and human metapneumovirus were sought by RT-PCR. RESULTS: RT-PCR detected human metapneumovirus in 40/306 (13.1%) children positive for respiratory viruses, with an incidence intermediate between that of respiratory syncytial virus (58 patients, 18.9%) and that of influenzavirus infections (29 patients, 9.5%). Phylogenetic analysis showed cocirculation of both human metapneumovirus types (A and B) as well as their relevant subtypes (A1-A2 and B1-B2). Clinically, human metapneumovirus was found to be second to human respiratory syncytial virus alone, as a cause of respiratory tract infections, while duration of virus excretion appeared to correlate with severity of infection, and virus load in NPA with the stage of respiratory infection. CONCLUSION: (i) Human metapneumovirus is a major viral pathogen in the Italian pediatric patient population; (ii) the severity of lower respiratory tract infections approaches that of human respiratory syncytial virus; (iii) there are preliminary indications that the duration of virus excretion may reach 2-3 weeks and that the level of viral load in NPA correlates with the clinical stage of human metapneumovirus infection. 相似文献
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《Clinical microbiology and infection》2021,27(7):1037.e9-1037.e14
ObjectivesViral acute respiratory infection (ARI) remains a major global health problem, especially among children in low- and middle-income countries. The study was conducted to reveal aetiological significance of respiratory viruses among both non-hospitalized and hospitalized children.MethodsA cohort study of children with ARI at the household, primary healthcare facility, and hospital levels was conducted alongside a hospital-based study including non-cohort children from 2014 to 2016 in the Philippines. The ARI cases were recorded at households and healthcare facilities, and a clinical investigation was performed. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the symptomatic children and tested for respiratory viruses via polymerase chain reaction. Then, the association between healthcare facility utilization and viral detection was investigated.ResultsOverall, 18,514 ARI cases were enrolled in the cohort study, and samples were collected from 4735 of these cases. The hospital-based study detected 648 ARI cases, all of which were sampled. Rhinovirus (22.2%; 1052/4735) was most frequently detected followed by respiratory syncytial virus (12.0%; 566/4735). Enterovirus (adjusted odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–2.8), human metapneumovirus (2.1, 1.4–3.2), rhinovirus (2.1, 1.8–2.6), and respiratory syncytial virus (1.6, 1.2–1.9) were significantly more prevalent in the ARI cases at healthcare facilities than in those in households. Of all ARI cases, 0.6% required hospitalization while 1.8% were hospitalized among the respiratory syncytial virus-positive cases (3.8, 3.0–4.9).ConclusionsWe determined the prevalence of respiratory viruses among children with ARIs at the household, primary healthcare facility, and hospital levels and the association with clinical characteristics. In particular, we discovered a significant disease burden and impact of respiratory syncytial virus infections as well as a considerable aetiological implication of rhinovirus infections. 相似文献
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Molecular viral epidemiology and clinical characterization of acute febrile respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Taiwan 下载免费PDF全文
Chun‐Yi Lee Yu‐Fen Chang Chia‐Lin Lee Meng‐Che Wu Chi‐Lin Ho Yu‐Chuan Chang Yu‐Jiun Chan 《Journal of medical virology》2015,87(11):1860-1866