奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利治疗哮喘合并胃食管反流效果观察

目的探讨奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利治疗哮喘合并胃食管反流病的疗效。方法选取哮喘合并胃食管反流患者58例,随机分为观察组(联合用药组)与对照组(单一用药组)。观察组采用吸入布地奈德/福莫特罗联合抗反流方案即奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利,对照组单独吸入布地奈德/福莫特罗粉剂,比较治疗前后两组患者哮喘症状评分、胃食管反流症状评分及两组患者的临床疗效。结果两组患者治疗前哮喘症状评分、胃食管反流症状评分比较差异未见统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后观察组胃食管反流病史(GERD)症状评分下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),对照组GERD症状评分未见明显变化(P0.05);两组哮喘症状评分较治疗前均显著下降(P0.01),治疗后观察组较对照组症状评分差异有统计学意义(P0.01),两组患者总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在治疗哮喘合并胃食管反流病患者时,在控制哮喘的同时给予抗反流治疗,临床疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

非糜烂性反流病和糜烂性食管炎患者心理状况及生活质量调查

目的 比较非糜烂性反流病(NERD)和糜烂性食管炎(EE)患者的反流症状、心理状况和生活质量等情况,为更好的诊治胃食管反流病提供帮助.方法 对274例胃食管反流病(GERD)患者及75例正常对照者进行问卷调查,包括一般资料、反流症状、食管外症状、精神心理状况及生活质量评价.结果 274例GERD患者中EE患者97例(35.4%),NERD患者143例(52.2%),Barrett食管患者34例(12.4%);与EE比较NERD患者中女性多见(62.2%VS 47.4%,P＜0.05).EE组与NERD组患者年龄、体质量指数(BMI)及食管外症状发病率差异无统计学意义.GERD患者的反流症状评分、焦虑抑郁评分及食管外症状发病率均明显高于正常对照者(P＜0.01),且生活质量评分低于正常对照者;与EE组比较,NERD患者反流症状、精神心理异常更明显,生活质量下降也更严重(P＜0.01).结论 与EE患者相比,NERD患者有更明显的反流症状、更突出的精神心理因素,及更严重的生活质量损害,对NERD患者应重视包括心理治疗在内的综合治疗.     

唾液中胃蛋白酶原的浓度与胃食管反流病的相关性

目的:探讨测定唾液中胃蛋白酶原的浓度与胃食管反流病的相关性研究.方法:选取我院确诊的胃食管反流病患者27例(GERD组),慢性胃炎患者29例(慢性胃炎组),健康者20例(健康对照组),晨起空腹收集唾液3～5mL,以乳胶增强免疫比浊法检测唾液中胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)的浓度.结果:与健康对照组比较,GERD组PG Ⅰ浓度、PG总浓度均较高(PⅠ=0.00,P总=0.01);与慢性胃炎组比较,GERD组PG Ⅰ浓度较高(P=0.02).GERD组患者的GerdQ表评分与PG Ⅰ浓度存在正相关关系,ROC分析显示,PG Ⅰ临界值取2.5 μg/L时,对GERD的诊断敏感度为70.4％,特异度为71.4％.结论:唾液中的PG Ⅰ浓度是提示反流症状的一个敏感指标,唾液中PG Ⅰ浓度与胃食管反流病存在相关性.     

围绝经期胃食管反流病患者食管动力学检测及其临床特点

目的探讨围绝经期女性胃食管反流病(GERD)的食管动力学特点和临床特点。方法选取110例GERD女性患者作为研究对象,根据月经情况将患者分为围绝经期组45例和非围绝经组65例。分析并比较2组GERD患者的食管动力学特点、典型症状发生率和非典型症状发生率。结果围绝经期组反酸症状发生率为44. 45%,显著低于非围绝经组的52. 31%(P 0. 05); 2组反食症状和胃灼热症状发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。非典型症状中,2组患者咽喉炎和咽部异物感发生率均较高;围绝经期组嗳气发生率为53. 33%显著高于非围绝经组的29. 23%,睡眠障碍发生率为55. 56%显著高于非围绝经组的27. 69%(P 0. 05)。围绝经期组、非围绝经组GERD患者的胃食管反流病问卷(Gerd Q)积分分别为(9. 57±1. 82)、(9. 87±2. 25)分,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。2组GERD患者的总反流次数、酸反流次数及非酸反流次数无显著差异(P 0. 05)。围绝经期组与非围绝经组的弱酸反流次数有显著差异(P 0. 05)。结论围绝经期女性GERD大多表现为非典型症状,主要是咽喉炎和咽部异物感,食管动力学检测可以作为诊断围绝经期女性GERD的重要选择。     

食管测压联合食管PH⁃阻抗监测对非典型症状GERD的诊断价值

目的 探讨高分辨率食管测压联合24小时食管PH?阻抗监测对非典型症状胃食管反流病(GERD)的诊断价值.方法 选取2018年7月至2020年7月以南阳市第二人民医院收治的非典型症状GERD患者150例(病例组),对照组150例(同期健康体检者).病例组其中糜烂性食管炎(EE)组32例、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)组118...     

胃食管反流性疾病18例误诊分析

目的分析我院2005年以来误诊的18例胃食管反流性疾病患者的临床资料,提高对非典型胃食管反流病（GERD）的认识,减少误诊,使患者得到及时治疗。方法回顾性分析我院2005年以来临床中误诊的18例胃食管反流病,对误诊原因进行分析并结合文献进行讨论。结果本组18例患者,误诊为支气管哮喘8例,咽喉炎4例,慢性支气管炎6例。结论降低对非典型GERD误诊,关键是提高对GERD认识,临床上有些所谓的＂哮喘＂、＂咳嗽＂、＂咽炎＂可能是由于胃食管反流引起的,凡是经五官、呼吸科正规治疗无效患者应考虑GERD,并作相应胃镜及食管pH检测以确诊。     

内镜下Stretta射频治疗难治性及食管外症状性胃食管反流病临床观察

目的 探讨难治性胃食管反流病（RGERD）及食管外症状为主的胃食管反流病（EG-ERD）内镜下食管贲门微量射频治疗（Stretta射频治疗）疗效.方法 对难治性或以食管外症状为主的370例胃食管反流病（GERD）患者,经24h食管pH监测、食管测压、胃镜检查后,行食管贲门微量射频治疗,随访观察疗效.结果 射频治疗后316例（85.4%）24h内即见症状明显缓解,尤其以食管外症状为主者.随访12个月,症状评分由3.73分降至1.66分（P＜0.01）.125例（33.8%）2～6个月逐渐停药,238例（64.3%）药物维持,但药量减少,症状明显减轻,7例（1.9%）自觉症状无明显改善.治疗过程无严重并发症及死亡病例.结论 难治陛或以食管外症状为主的GERD难以用药物控制症状,内镜下食管贲门微量射频治疗在许多病例起到立竿见影的缓解作用,并维持症状减轻或消失.治疗操作简捷、安全、微创.     

动态食管监测在胃食管反流病诊断中的应用与进展

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)是一种常见的功能性胃肠疾病,既往诊断主要依靠临床症状,而缺乏临床客观证据。GERD症状复杂多样,特别是非典型症状(呼吸道症状),因此临床中监测胃食管反流事件成为目前GERD诊断的关键。动态p H监测因具有持续检测的优势已成为诊断GERD的主要客观诊断方式,包括经鼻导管式24 h食管p H监测、食管p H胶囊48 h监测、24 h多通道阻抗联合食管p H监测、24 h咽喉反流监测,临床实践中需根据患者症状选择适当的监测方法和诊断程序,以达到经济有效和最短时间内确诊的目的。     

胃食管反流病非典型症状临床表现

胃食管反流病(GERD)的非典型症状表现复杂多样,极易与呼吸系统(哮喘、慢性咳嗽、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征)、耳鼻喉科(慢性咽喉炎、慢性鼻窦炎、中耳炎、阵发性喉痉挛)等症状相混淆而导致误诊,老年人GERD症状容易被忽视,危重病人胃食管反流不易识别因误吸会导致严重的肺部感染甚至窒息,通过对GERD非典型症状研究进展的综述,旨在针对临床特征采取相应的预防和护理措施,提高医疗护理质量.     

胃食管反流病的研究进展

胃食管反流病(GERD)是指胃内容物反流入食管,引起不适症状和(或)并发症的一种疾病。根据内镜和病理结果可将GERD分为三类:(1)反流性食管炎(RE):有反流症状兼有食管黏膜破损者;(2)非糜烂性食管反流病(NERD):有反流症状但内镜下未见食管破损者;(3)Barrett食管(BE):食管黏膜上皮被胃柱状上皮所替代。GERD为常见的慢性疾病,易反复发作,严重影响患者的生活质量,造成沉重的经济和社会负担。本文就该病的发病机制、诊断及治疗进展做一简要综述。     

Differential diagnosis of GERD

It was widely accepted that the prevalence of GERD is lower in Oriental countries compared to Western countries. But the incidence of GERD has recently increased in Japan. The most commonly recognized manifestation of GERD is heartburn or a substernal burning sensation in the chest. Most patients with reflux esophagitis complain of typical symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation or dysphagia. However, some patients complain of atypical symptoms such as hoarse voice, chronic cough, adult-onset asthma or vocal cord polyps. It is not always easy to diagnose atypical symptomatic patients as GERD. If patients who complain of these atypical symptoms have not improved with common medical treatment, GERD should be the consideration in its differential diagnosis.     

Recent advances in the treatment of GERD in the elderly: focus on proton pump inhibitors

The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) increases with age, and older people are more likely to develop severe disease. Studies of elderly patients with GERD indicate differences in presentation and diagnosis, compared with GERD in younger adults. Indeed, an older patient with GERD may present with atypical symptoms such as dysphagia, vomiting, weight loss, anaemia and anorexia, and less frequently with typical symptoms such as heartburn or acid regurgitation. These findings are attributed to pathophysiological changes in esophageal function that occur with age. Therefore, GERD in elderly patients is more likely to be poorly diagnosed or undiagnosed. Although few studies have concentrated specifically on elderly patients, the proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been shown to be more effective than histamine receptor antagonists for healing reflux esophagitis and for preventing its recurrence when they are given as maintenance therapy. In addition, the PPIs seem to be safe both in short- and in long-term therapy of elderly patients with GERD.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease: natural history and long-term medical and surgical outcomes

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition that affects a large proportion of the adult population. Persistent untreated GERD can lead to esophageal strictures, premalignant Barrett's esophagus, and an increased risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Currently, the most effective medical treatment targets gastric acid suppression, allowing healing of erosive/peptic lesions and controlling symptoms. Most patients take over-the-counter medication or are successfully treated by their primary care physician. Gastroenterologists and gastrointestinal surgeons see patients with complications, refractory symptoms despite acid-suppressive therapy, or atypical symptoms. For the medical management of GERD, proton pump inhibitors are potent acid suppressants with favorable side-effect profiles and long-term efficacy and safety. Medical therapy can heal 80% to 100% of patients with erosive esophagitis with 30% to 60% of patients reporting sustained resolution of heartburn. Surgery may be offered to patients with GERD as an alternative to long-term antireflux medication. Careful selection of appropriate surgical candidates is important, and the risk of developing new or recurrent symptoms requiring medication should be disclosed to patients contemplating the surgical alternative.     

护理干预对胃食管反流病患者临床症状及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对胃食管反流病(GERD)患者临床症状及生活质量的影响。方法:对128例GERD患者采取综合护理干预措施,比较护理干预前后患者的临床症状积分及生活质量评分。结果:护理干预后GERD患者的临床症状积分及生活质量评分与护理干预前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:护理干预可改善GERD患者的临床症状,提高其生活质量,减少医疗资源的浪费。     

Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Patient and physician communication challenges and shared decision making

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common upper esophageal condition and typical symptoms can include heartburn and sensation of regurgitation while atypical symptoms include chronic cough, asthma, hoarseness, dyspepsia and nausea. Typically, diagnosis is presumptive given the presence of typical and atypical symptoms and is an indication for empiric therapy. Treatment management can include lifestyle modifications and/or medication therapy with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) class being the preferred and most effective. Complete symptom resolution is not always achieved and long-term PPI therapy can put patients at risk for serious side effects and needless expense. The brain-gut connection and hypervigilance plays an important role in symptom resolution and treatment success, especially in the case of non-PPI responders. Hypervigilance is a combination of increased esophageal sensory sensitivity in combination with exaggerated threat perception surrounding esophageal symptoms. Hypervigilance requires a different approach to GERD managements, where continued PPI therapy and surgery are usually not recommended. Rather, helping physicians and patients understand the brain-gut connection can guide and improve care. Education and reassurance should be the main pillars or treatment. However, it is important not to suggest the symptoms are due to anxiety alone, this often leads to patient dissatisfaction. Patient dissatisfaction with treatment reveals the need for a more patient-centered approach to GERD management and better communication between patients and providers. Shared decision making (SDM) with the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) promotes patient adherence and satisfaction. SDM is a joint discussion between clinician and patient in which a mutually shared solution is explored for GERD symptoms. For SDM to work the physician needs to capture patients’ perceptions which may not be obtained in the standard interview. This can be done through the use of PROs which promote a dialogue with patients about their symptoms and treatment priorities in the context of the SDM patient encounter. SDM could potentially help in the management of patient expectations for GERD treatment, ultimately positively impacting their health-related quality of life.     

Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease in general practice: a Belgian national survey

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The aim of the present study was to analyze the results of a prospective national survey conducted in Belgium to investigate discrepancies between general practitioners' attitudes and the available guidelines on the management of new patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: A total of 641 general practitioners (GPs) were asked to complete a questionnaire on each consultation by a patient with suspected GERD. RESULTS: The study population included 2234 patients (mean age +/- SD: 47.37 +/- 16.23 years; 52 % aged 45 or older) consulting for the first time for GERD symptoms, without previous endoscopy. Symptoms were classified as mild, moderate, or severe in 39.5 %, 48.0 %, and 11.3 % respectively, and as typical, atypical, or "alarm" in 87.5 %, 16.8 %, and 10.5 % respectively. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was requested by GPs in 24.7 % of patients (553 of 2234; including 186 cases that were not justified according to the guidelines), while it should have been requested in 56.6 % (1266 of 2234) if the GPs had respected the national guidelines. Only 28.4 % of the 1171 patients aged 45 or older and 52.6 % of the 95 patients under 45 presenting with alarm symptoms had an endoscopy requested at the first visit. A stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis showed that anemia and symptom severity were the two main factors prompting the GPs to request endoscopy for these patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are major discrepancies between GP practice and national or international guidelines for GERD diagnosis. GPs clearly underused endoscopy in patients with alarm symptoms of GERD and in older patients with a new onset of GERD symptoms. GPs are more strongly influenced by the severity of symptoms than by the type of symptoms.     

加用生脉注射液、酚妥拉明和硫酸镁治疗慢性肺源性心脏病心力衰竭疗效观察

目的：观察生脉注射液、酚妥拉明和硫酸镁治疗慢性肺源性心脏病心力衰竭的疗效。方法：治疗组（５８例）在常规疗法基础上加用生脉注射液、酚妥拉明和硫酸镁治疗；对照组（５４例）采用常规疗法。结果：治疗组总有效率和显效率均明显优于对照组（总有效率分别为９４．８％和７４．１％，Ｐ＜０．０１；显效率分别为６０．３％和２９．６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：常规疗法加用生脉注射液、酚妥拉明、硫酸镁治疗慢性肺源性心脏病心力衰竭效果显著     

纳洛酮治疗慢性Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的观察及护理

目的:探讨纳洛酮治疗慢性Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的疗效及护理方法。方法:将78例患者随机分为两组,对照组38例给予常规治疗。治疗组40例在常规治疗基础上,每日用纳洛酮1.2～2mg加入250ml液体中静脉滴注,疗程均为8d。结果:治疗组临床症状好转率均明显高于对照组。治疗组治疗前后血气分析有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:在常规治疗的基础上加用纳洛酮治疗慢性Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭,疗效显著,副作用小,而密切观察病情、有效的心理护理、正确的氧疗,并保持呼吸通畅是保证治疗成功的关键。     

Histopathological diagnosis in gastroesophageal reflux disease

We reviewed the histopathological features for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The presence of infiltration inflammatory cells, thickened basal cell layer, increased papillary height was histopathologically evaluated in GERD patients. It is often difficult to diagnose GERD symptoms when there were few endoscopic findings, such as lack of hiatal hernia and erosive esophagitis. At that time, we might be able to diagnose GERD by the histopathological examination except the pH monitor was performed. We showed that the histopathological esophagitis correlated with reflux symptoms and laryngopharyngeal symptoms. These indicated that the histopathological esophagitis may be diagnosed as not only typical GERD but also atypical GERD.