用转化医学理念指导医学研究生教育

研究生教育是一个国家最高层次的教育,教育创新首先是人才培养模式的创新,构建研究生创新型人才培养模式是提高研究生培养质量、适应社会医学和卫生系统发展需要的关键。进入21世纪以来,转化医学日益成为引领现代医学研究和发展的核心,受到科学家和临床医生前所未有的重视和关注。医学研究生是未来转化医学研究领域的生力军,一方面要成为利用基础研究成果解决临床问题的开拓者,同时也需要在临床工作中不断发现新的医学科学问题,引领实验室研究不断深入并向"以病人为中心"的方向发展。由此可见,用转化医学理念指导医学研究生教育,推动现行培养制度改革和体系优化,既着重训练研究生临床基本业务技能,又强调研究生的原始创新能力,才能更好适应未来医学发展的需要。     

《转化医学研究（电子版）》征稿启事

《转化医学研究（电子版）》是国内第一本转化医学研究领域内的专业性期刊（ISSN 2095-154X;CN 11-9304/R）。本刊由中华人民共和国教育部主管,首都医科大学和高等教育出版社主办。本刊采用同行评议评审论文。目前为季刊,每季末出刊。本刊宗旨本刊以促进临床医师、生物医学研究人员、医学教学人员、医学管理人员、相关专业技术人员以及研究生等人员的交流与协作,推动中国转化医学的发展为宗旨,及时报道和宣传国内外转化医学的研究成果和研究动态;推广有创意的新方法和实用性新技术。     

浅谈口腔医学本科生临床转化思维和能力的培养

我国现阶段的口腔医学本科教学缺乏转化医学思维及理念的培养,这会显著影响将来创新型临床医师的成长。转化医学研究,特别是临床转化医学研究对临床研究型医师的成长意义重大,其强调以临床问题为导向,专注于基础研究和临床应用研究之间的双向转化。将转化医学理念融入口腔医学本科教育教学过程中,从理念、教学、课程、模式及平台等方面着手,多措并举,能够有效联通基础研究和临床诊疗,从而破除基础理论与临床应用之间的壁垒,加速科研、理论研究成果向临床诊疗实践的应用转化与推广应用。本文从转化医学教育理念角度分析其在口腔医学教育中的优势和应用策略,浅谈如何将转化医学融入到口腔医学本科教育教学工作中,推动口腔医学教育发展。     

转化医学:十年回顾与展望

转化医学作为一种新理念,旨在推动基础研究成果快速临床转化并用于疾病诊断、预防和治疗之中,其核心是在实验室与临床之间建立一个双向转化通道。近十年来,转化医学受到科学家和临床医生前所未有的重视和关注。在此期间,随着对转化医学认识的不断深入,其理念已经渗透到生物医学研究的各个领域(包括口腔医学)。本文对转化医学的概念、近十年的进展情况进行了归纳和总结,对其当前所面临的困难和机遇进行了分析和展望,强调了干细胞治疗、组织工程和内源性再生医学技术作为转化医学的当代热点,值得深入研究。     

转化医学的概念

转化医学主要涉及基础医学与临床应用间的双向转化过程,是基础医学与临床应用之间的桥梁,是循环式的科学体系。即基础研究的新成果及时转化到临床应用领域（包括医疗、预防、护理等多个方面）,     

转化医学与口腔科学

转化医学(translational medicine)是近10年来国际生物医学及健康研究领域出现的新理念,概念一经提出,就引起基础医学、临床医学、预防医学、生物制药界以及医学科技规划与管理等领域的极大关注.目前,全球有关转化医学的文献已超过65000篇.多数国内外学者认为,转化医学概念的出现对于今后医学发展的方向具有重要指导意义,将成为现代和未来医学生物学研究的主要模式.     

循证医学及其在口腔医学中的应用

循证医学是近年来国际临床医学领域迅速发展起来的新学科,是目前国际医学领域的研究热点之一,其基本指导思想是:任何医疗决策的确定均应基于客观的临床科学证据。本文介绍了循证医学的概念、实施方法,在口腔医学领域的应用,以及循证医学尚存在的问题和对未来的展望。     

循证医学及其在口腔医学中的应用

循证医学是近年来国际临床医学领域迅速发展起来的新学科，是目前国际医学领域的研究热点之一，其基本指导思想是：任何医疗决策的确定均应基于客观的临床科学证据。本文介绍了循证医学的概念，实施方法，在口腔医学领域的应用，以及循证医学尚存在的问题和对未来的展望。     

口腔再生与转化医学学术会议第一轮通知

经中华口腔医学会批准,由中华口腔医学会口腔生物医学专业委员会主办、安徽医科大学口腔医学院承办的口腔再生与转化医学学术会议将于2011年5月20日～22日在安徽省合肥市召开。本次会议将邀请中国工程院付小兵院士、美国南加州大学施松涛教授、南京大学鼓楼医院孙凌云教授等国际知名的再生与转化医学专家进行学术报告,将为本次会议提供先进的     

第3次“数字化外科技术在颅颌面外科的应用”学习班通知(第一轮)

近年来,数字化技术在医学领域日益普及,逐渐形成了以医学需求为牵引,集成计算机辅助设计、数控加工、增材制造、机器人等先进技术的交叉研究领域,推动了医学科学从"经验"模式向"信息"模式的转变。同时,吸引大量人才和科研资源向数字医学领域聚集,逐渐成为国内外医学领域技术发展的热点,显示出蓬勃     

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??Abstract: With the deepening of cancer research?? the importance of the the tumor biobank is gradually emerging. Several national tumor biobanks have been established around the world. The establishment of high quality tumor biobanks will provide basic data for the research of cancer etiology and the development of individual treatment in translational medicine. In this review?? the status?? trends?? and problems of tumor biobanks are discussed.     

The (in)adequacy of translational research in dentistry

Translational research, as the name suggests, “translates” research findings into clinical practice to improve the health of human beings. The translational process builds on information from experiments conducted at a basic level (i.e., in vitro and/or animal studies) and progresses over experimental human studies for efficacy, efficiency, and safety to implementation. Therefore, all steps in the process should be based on studies conducted with the highest methodological quality possible in order to provide accurate and useful information. Furthermore, the systematic dissemination of new procedures/techniques should be done only when they have been proven to be effective and safe. This focus article describes examples of new techniques/procedures in dentistry that have not resulted from an adequate translational research process since the initial evidence was published. These procedures are generally characterised by lack of good evidence, particularly on their potential harms, and lack of adequate chronological order, regarding the translational research process (i.e., human research being conducted before animal research). Even so, they seem to be widely disseminated, and their promotion involves a wide range of sources, including social media. Some guidance is proposed to improve the quality of the translational research process in dentistry, as well as the level of awareness of all parties involved with the use of this research: clinicians, researchers, and patients. By improving the translational research process, optimization of the application and use of these resources, with less risk to the patients, is expected.     

Translational mini-screw implant research

Abstract

It is important to thoroughly test new materials as well as techniques when these innovations are to be utilized in the human clinical situation. Translational research fills this important niche. The purpose of translational research is to establish the continuity of evidence from the laboratory to the clinic and in so-doing, provide evidence that the material is functioning appropriately and that the process in the human will be successful. This concept applies to the mini-screw implant; which, has been very successfully introduced into the orthodontic armamentarium over the last decade for application as a temporary anchorage device. The examples of translational research that will be illustrated in this paper have paved the way to ensure that clinicians have evidence to confidently utilize mini-screw implants in orthodontic practice. Needless to say, more studies are needed to ensure a safe, effective and efficient manner to practice orthodontics.     

微重力环境下的航天口腔医学研究新进展

航天口腔医学作为口腔医学与航天医学的交叉学科,主要着眼于太空特殊环境中人类口腔相关疾病的研究。随着载人航天技术的发展步入新纪元,航天口腔医学也受到人们日益广泛的关注。本文回顾了航天口腔医学的研究历史,总结了微重力环境对颅颌面骨、牙源性干细胞、口腔微生物的影响,并对航天口腔医学的发展前景进行了展望。     

Commentary: A Translational Medicine Approach to Tooth Transplantation

The autogenous tooth transplantation approach to replace missing teeth has been in use for a long time. Different surgical techniques have been developed to improve prognosis and longevity of transplanted teeth with complete root formation. Many factors reportedly affected short‐ and long‐term success of the procedure: complications such as ankylosis and root resorption up to the tooth exfoliation have occurred frequently. Several studies have appeared on this issue over the years. However, outcomes of transplantations have not yet been conclusively determined as no randomized clinical trials have been published on this issue, and their effectiveness has been evaluated only in observational studies. On the other hand, interesting information from specific experimental studies on the healing pattern of the interface between the root surface and alveolar bone in the replantation/transplantation model, and from non‐related studies dealing with mechanically induced periodontal trauma, has been available and potentially useful since the 1970s to 1980s. However, this information has not been incorporated into clinical literature regarding tooth autotransplantation. This commentary aims to show how information from related and unrelated experimental models was translated to a clinical setting and led to a novel approach, successfully applied, in the autotransplantation of a multirooted tooth with completed root formation.     

Adipose tissue-derived stem and regenerative cells for tissue regeneration

Regenerative medicine, in which lost tissues or organs are regenerated or functionality is restored to damaged tissue with reduced/lost functionality, is the most promising field in 21st century medicine, and significant development is expected in the near future. Stem cells have been of particular interest recently in the field of regenerative medicine because they have self-renewal capacity as well as pluripotency to differentiate into fat, bone marrow, and muscle, and so on. It has been recently demonstrated that there are many stem cells in the adipose tissues, and stem cells are considered the key to tissue regeneration. Currently, adipose tissue has received great attention as a source of mesenchymal stem cells for cell therapy compared to bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood, and the others. This section focuses on their potential and introduces some clinical applications using adipose-derived regenerative cells and its isolation technology.     

Unexpected roles for bone marrow stromal cells (or MSCs): a real promise for cellular,but not replacement,therapy

Oral Diseases (2010) 16 , 129–135 Adult and embryonic stem cells have drawn a lot of attention in the last decade as new tools in regenerative medicine. A variety of such cells have been discovered and put forward as candidates for use in cell replacement therapy. Investigators hope that some, if not all, of our organs can be replaced or restored to function; that new livers, kidneys, and brain cells can be produced. Many reviews have already been written about stem cells and their potential use in regenerating tissues. In this study, we would like to call attention to a different application of a special group of adult stem cells, the stromal cells in the bone marrow (also called mesenchymal stem cells or MSCs). These cells have been discovered to modulate immune function. They can easily be expanded in culture and surprisingly, they also seem not to be immunogenic. Thus, they can be removed from donors, expanded, stored in freezers, and used as allogeneic transplants in a variety of diseases in everyday medicine.