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1.
髂总动脉输尿管瘘是一种罕见但可能危及生命的疾病, 且临床诊断较困难。本文报道1例髂总动脉输尿管瘘患者, 因输尿管皮肤造口出血1 d入院。患者4年前因膀胱癌行根治性膀胱切除术+双侧输尿管皮肤造口术, 术后有放疗史, 一直留置双侧输尿管支架管。行血管造影检查示左侧髂总动脉假性动脉瘤, 考虑左侧髂总动脉输尿管瘘, 行左侧髂总动脉覆膜支架置入术。术后患者恢复良好, 随访6个月无明显血尿。  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨微创血管腔内技术治疗创伤性血管病变的可行性。方法 对已进行腔内治疗的6例创伤性血管病变进行回顾性分析。结果 6例创伤性血管病变包括颈总动脉假性动脉瘤、锁骨下动静脉瘘、胸主动脉假性动脉瘤、髂动静脉瘘、髂动脉假性动脉瘤、股浅动脉假性动脉瘤各1例。所有病变均在局部麻醉下进行,经腔内移植物治疗后均立刻重建血流通道。6例均得到随访,2个月至4年内所有移植物均通畅。无任何并发症。结论 腔内技术治疗创伤性血管病变具有成功率高、并发症少、损伤小等优点,可望成为创伤性血管病变的重要治疗手段。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨头臂血管假性动脉瘤(BCPA)或颈动脉静脉瘘(CVEF)患者的腔内治疗效果。方法 2003年9月—2011年3月笔者诊治10例假性动脉瘤和动静脉瘘患者并行腔内治疗,其中假性动脉瘤7例,先天性动静脉畸形2例,外伤性动静脉瘘1例。假性动脉瘤的病因为外伤或医源性损伤;临床表现为颈部或锁骨下搏动性肿块,病程2 h至40年不等。10例均经股动脉穿刺造影明确病变性质、部位、大小,然后采用放射介入方法,用带膜支架封堵病变处破口,重朔血管。结果 8例假性动脉或外伤性动脉静脉瘘及1例先天性动静脉瘘达到满意疗效,1例先天性动静脉瘘畸形明显好转,动静脉瘘流量明显减少。结论头臂部动脉瘤或动静脉瘘采用带膜支架腔内隔绝治疗方法微创、简便、迅速、安全、有效,有实用价值。  相似文献   

4.
目的:提高对创伤性假性动脉瘤并动静脉瘘的影像诊断水平。方法:报告1例腰椎间盘手术所致的创伤性假性动脉瘤并动静脉瘘,比较分析MRA和DSA对该病的诊断价值。结果:MRA能够明确创伤性假性动脉瘤及动静脉瘘的诊断,与DSA有良好的相关性。结论:MRA对创伤性假性动脉瘤并动静脉瘘的确诊有重要价值,在一定程度上能够代替常规血管造影。  相似文献   

5.
腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤7例分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的总结腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的经验。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年3月复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科收治的腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤7例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤4例,左髂总动脉瘤2例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。结果7例均取得技术成功。3例右髂总动脉瘤累及右髂内动脉,选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUI(Aortouniiliac)支架型人工血管腔内修复加股动脉旁路术。2例左髂总动脉瘤选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影(DSA)造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余6例无手术并发症。术后随访1~19个月(平均10.6±6.42个月),瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果尚须进一步随访。  相似文献   

6.
血管腔内支架植入术的临床应用   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
目的 评价应用血管内支架治疗血管性疾病的临床价值。方法 对36例患有血管性疾病的患者施行了血管内支架植入术,包括胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤24例,腹主动脉真性动脉瘤3例,腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤1例,颈动脉动静脉瘘1例,左锁骨下动脉狭窄1例,左锁骨下动静脉瘘1例,髂动脉假性动脉瘤4例及股动脉狭窄1例。除1例左锁骨下动脉狭窄患者、1例股动脉狭窄患者使用了裸支架外,其余34例患者均采用带膜支架进行血管内治疗。结果 术中所有患者均未出现特殊不适,术后随访期间未见明显合并症发生。所有患者均完全消除了临床症状。结论 应用血管内支架治疗血管性疾病是一种实用且效果较好的治疗方法。  相似文献   

7.
目的:总结分析腹部手术后腹腔干分支假性动脉瘤消化道瘘导致的迟发性消化道大出血的诊断和治疗。方法:回顾性分析自2013年1月—2014年9月腹部肿瘤术后上消化道大出血经造影证实腹腔干分支假性动脉瘤消化道瘘的5例患者的临床资料。结果:5例患者消化道出血时间平均为术后53.6 d;假性动脉瘤位于脾动脉2例,位于肝总动脉2例,位于左肝动脉1例;造影后行栓塞治疗4例,行覆膜支架置入1例。无术后严重并发症及围手术死亡病例。随访时间6~16个月,无再次假性动脉瘤破裂出血,肝总动脉覆膜支架置入患者于8个月猝死,原因未明。结论:腹腔干分支假性动脉瘤消化道瘘是腹部手术后罕见而又致命的并发症,应提高该病的认识,其诊断及治疗首选动脉造影及血管腔内治疗,避免医源性损伤可能是减少该病发生的关键。  相似文献   

8.
外伤性颈总动脉假性动脉瘤非常少见,由假性动脉瘤并发颈总动脉鄄颈内静脉瘘更为罕见。本单位采用带膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗1例外伤导致的颈总动脉假性动脉瘤并发动静脉瘘病人,现报道如下。临床资料病例,男,35岁,左侧颈部被玻璃切割致伤,行局部清创止血,切口I期缝合。术后5d出现左  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨采用不同方法治疗不同类型周围动脉医源性假性动脉瘤的临床效果。方法 辽宁省人民医院2010-2013年收治周围动脉医源性假性动脉瘤病人22例,根据假性动脉瘤直径及破口的大小及有无感染,将假性动脉瘤分为对Ⅰ、Ⅱa、Ⅱb以及Ⅲ型,15例Ⅰ型病人(假性动脉瘤直径<3cm)采用制动、弹力绷带加加压包扎治疗;2例Ⅱa型病人(直径>3 cm破口<2cm)采用球囊临时阻断,凝血酶腔内注射疗法治疗,2例Ⅱb病人(直径>3 cm且破口>2 cm)采用覆膜支架腔内隔绝术;3例Ⅲ型病人(感染性假性动脉瘤)采用覆膜支架腔内隔绝术,一期脓腔清创引流,二期缝合的办法,所有病人随访6~32个月。结果 Ⅰ型15例病人治疗成功14例,1例失败病人给予腔内覆膜支架植入术;Ⅱ型病人均一期封闭;Ⅲ型病人动脉瘤破口均一期封闭,伤口3个月内均愈合。所有病人平均随访22.3个月,无复发、内漏,支架移位、折断等并发症。结论 根据假性动脉瘤不同类型选择治疗的策略,可用最小的代价更有效地治疗假性动脉瘤。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨创伤性假性动脉瘤(TPA)血管腔内治疗方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年6月至2016年7月解放军第148医院收治的28例TPA患者临床资料,其中TPA位于四肢动脉13例,颈内动脉2例,肾动脉5例,胆囊动脉2例,臀上动脉2例,髂总动脉1例,肠系膜上动脉1例,脾动脉1例,阴茎动脉1例。17例主干型假性动脉瘤采用覆膜支架腔内隔绝术或多层裸支架植入术,11例终末型假性动脉瘤采用弹簧圈栓塞术。结果 28例患者腔内介入治疗均取得成功,假性动脉瘤均消失。17例植入支架者术后远端动脉搏动正常,无重要分支动脉闭塞,11例弹簧圈栓塞者术后出血停止,未出现脏器缺血坏死。术后随访6~39个月,平均(18.9±10.7)个月,失访1例,所有随访患者假性动脉瘤未复发,支架植入患者血管通畅,未发现支架移位、断裂,弹簧圈异位等并发症。结论根据假性动脉瘤位置、类型和侧支循环等选择不同的介入方法治疗TPA,具有微创操作简单、手术成功率高、并发症少、疗效确切的优点,可作为TPA的一线治疗方法。  相似文献   

11.
Background : We investigated the vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction (MT) with hypotension due to prostacyclin (PGI2) release in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with a combined general and epidural anesthesia. Methods : In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study we administered 400 mg ibuprofen (i.v.) in 42 patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. General anesthesia was combined with epidural anesthesia (T4-L1). Before as well as 5, 15, 30, 45, and 90 min after MT we recorded plasma osmolality, hemodynamics and measured 6-keto-PGFlα (stabile metabolite of PGI2), TXB2 (stabile metabolite of thromboxane A2) active renin, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Catecholamine levels were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. Results : Following MT, arterial hypotension occurred along with a substantial PGI2 release. This was completely abolished by ibuprofen administration. Although plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF (1133 (708) vs. 60 (3) ng/L, median (median absolute deviation), P=0.0001, placebo vs. ibuprofen) remained significantly elevated, blood pressure was restored within 30 min after MT in the placebo group. At the same point in time plasma concentrations of TXB2 (164 (87) vs. 58 (1) ng/L, P=0.0001), epinephrine (46 (33) vs. 14 (6) ng/L, P=0.001), AVP (41 ± (18) vs. 12 (7) ng/L, P=0.0004), and active renin (27 (12) vs. 12 (4) ng/L, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in placebo-treated patients. Conclusion : Under combined general and epidural anesthesia arterial hypotension following MT due to endogenous PGI2 release is associated with enhanced release of AVP, active renin, epinephrine and thromboxane A2, presumably contributing to hemodynamic stability within 30 min after MT.  相似文献   

12.
Don Dame 《Artificial organs》1996,20(5):613-617
Abstract: Virtually all blood pumps contain some kind of rubbing, sliding, closely moving machinery surfaces that are exposed to the blood being pumped. These valves, internal bearings, magnetic bearing position sensors, and shaft seals cause most of the problems with blood pumps. The original teaspoon pump design prevented the rubbing, sliding machinery surfaces from contacting the blood. However, the hydraulic efficiency was low because the blood was able to "slip around" the rotating impeller so that the blood itself never rotated fast enough to develop adequate pressure. An improved teaspoon blood pump has been designed and tested and has shown acceptable hydraulic performance and low hemolysis potential. The new pump uses a nonrotating "swinging" hose as the pump impeller. The fluid enters the pump through the center of the swinging hose; therefore, there can be no fluid slip between the revolving blood and the revolving impeller. The new pump uses an impeller that is comparable to a flexible garden hose. If the free end of the hose were swung around in a circle like half of a jump rope, the fluid inside the hose would rotate and develop pressure even though the hose impeller itself did not "rotate"; therefore, no rotating shaft seal or internal bearings are required.  相似文献   

13.
Background: Halothane inhibits in vitro and in vivo activity of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2E1. There are several fluorinated volatile anaesthetics besides halothane, and most of them are defluorinated by CYP2E1. It is unclear whether other fluorinated anaesthetics inhibit the in vivo activity of CYP2E1.
Methods: We compared the inhibitory effects of therapeutic concentrations of four inhalational anaesthetics, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, on chlorzoxazone metabolism in rabbits receiving artificial ventilation.
Results: All four inhalational anaesthetics decreased arterial blood pressure and increased plasma chlorzoxazone concentration. However, no significant differences in the plasma chlorzoxazone concentration were found between the four anaesthetics. The estimated chlorzoxazone clearance increased after beginning inhalation with all four agents, but no significant difference in clearance was noted between agents.
Conclusions: At therapeutic concentrations, the in vivo inhibitory effect on chlorzoxazone metabolism was similar for all four inhalational anaesthetics examined, even though their chemical characteristics and extent of hepatic metabolism differ considerably.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract: A variety of protein-bound or hydrophobic substances, accumulating as a result of pathologic conditions such as exogenous or endogenous intoxications, are removed poorly by conventional detoxification methods because of low accessibility (hemodialysis), insufficient adsorption capabilities (hemosorption), low efficiency (peritoneal dialysis), or economic limitations (high-volume plasmapheresis). Combining advantages of existing methods with microspheric technology, a module-based system was designed. Major operating parameters of the latter can be modified to allow for adjustment to individual clinical situations. An extracorporeal blood circuit including a plasmafilter is combined with a secondary high-velocity plasma circuit driven by a centrifugal pump. Different microspheric adsorbers can be combined in one circuit or applied in sequence. Thus, a prolonged treatment can be tailored using specially designed selective adsorber materials. Comparing this system with existing methods (high-flux hemodialysis, molecular adsorbent recycling system), results from our in vitro studies and animal experiments demonstrate the superior efficiency of substance removal.  相似文献   

15.
Background : Our objective was to determine whether administration of propranolol or verapamil modifies the hemodynamic adaptation to continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV), in particular the regional distribution of cardiac output (CO).
Methods : General hemodynamics and regional blood flows assessed by microsphere technique (15 (μm) were recorded in 16 anesthetized pigs during spontaneous breathing (SB) and CPPV with 8 cm H2O end-expiratory pressure (CPPV8) before and after intravenous administration of propranolol (0.3 mg · kg−1 followed by 0.15 mg · kg−1 · h−1, n=8) or verapamil (0.1 mg · kg−1 followed by 0.3 mg · kg−1 · h−1, n=8).
Results : CPPV8 depressed CO by 25% without shifts in its relative distribution with the exception of a noteworthy increase in adrenal perfusion. Propranolol increased arterial blood pressure, and due to a fall in heart rate, CO dropped by 25%. The kidneys and, to a lesser extent, the splanchic region and central nervous system received increased fractions of the remaining CO at the expense of skeletal muscle flow. Similar patterns were seen during SB and CPPV8 such that the combination of propranolol and CPPV8 depressed CO by 50%. The circulatory effects of verapamil were less evident but myocardial perfusion tended to increase.
Conclusions : The combination of propranolol or verapamil with CPPV does not result in any specific hemodynamic interaction in anesthetized pigs, except that the combined effect of propranolol and CPPV may severely reduce CO.  相似文献   

16.
Background : Inhibitory effects of volatile anaesthetics on platelet aggregation have been demonstrated in several studies. However, the influence of volatile anaesthetics on intracoronary platelet adhesion has not been elucidated so far.
Methods : Isolated hearts of guinea pigs were perfused with buffer in the absence or presence of volatile anaesthetics (0.5 and 1 MAC) at constant coronary flow rates of 5 ml/min for 25 min, then 1 ml/min for 30 min and again 5 ml/min for 10 min. Before, during and after low-flow perfusion, a bolus of human platelets was applied into the coronary system. To simulate thrombogenic conditions, 0.3 U/ml human thrombin was infused during low-flow perfusion and reperfusion. The number of platelets sequestered to the endothelium was calculated from the difference between coronary in- and output of platelets. The myocardial production of lactate and consumption of pyruvate and coronary perfusion pressure were also determined.
Results : At a flow rate of 5 ml/min only about 3% of the applied platelets did not emerge from the coronary system, in any group. In contrast, 13.1±1.2% (mean±SEM) of infused platelets became adherent in low-flow perfusion in the control group without anaesthetic. The adherence was reduced with each 1 MAC isoflurane (to 6.2±1.2%), sevoflurane (to 4.4±0.9%) or halothane (to 3.2±1.5%) (each P <0.05 vs. control). Volatile anaesthetic, 0.5 MAC, did not inhibit platelet adhesion to a statistically significant extent in any case. Perfusion pressure and metabolic parameters were not statistically different between the control and the hearts exposed to anaesthetics.
Conclusion : Volatile anaesthetics in a concentration of 1 MAC can reduce the adhesion of platelets in the coronary system under reduced flow conditions. This action does not arise from vasodilation or inhibition of ischaemic stress.  相似文献   

17.
Background: Obesity is increasing globallly, including in the formerly "Eastern Bloc" countries. Methods: A survey was made of obesity and bariatric surgery. Results: In the 8 East and Central European countries studied, with total population 300 million, roughly 43% of the population was overweight (BMI 25-30), 23% obese (BMI > 30), with about 15 million people morbidly obese (BMI > 40). From 0-10 morbidly obese individuals/100,000/year undergo bariatric surgery. Conclusion: Most countries were found to provide inadequate treatment for obesity.The majority of the morbidly obese are not treated effectively. However, health-care awareness of obesity and bariatric surgeons are slowly increasing.  相似文献   

18.
Background: It has been shown that the depressive effects of both propofol and midazolam on consciousness are synergistic with opioids, but the nature of their interactions on other physiological systems, e. g. respiration, has not been fully investigated. The present study examined the effect of propofol and midazolam alone and in combination with fentanyl on phrenic nerve activity (PNA) and whether such interactions are additive or synergistic. Methods: PNA was recorded in 27 anaesthetised and artificially ventilated rabbits. In three groups, propofol, fentanyl and midazolam were administered intravenously in incremental doses to construct dose-response curves for the depressant effects of each one on PNA. In another two groups, the effect of pretreatment with either fentanyl 1 μg · kg?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg?1 i. v. on the effects of propofol and fentanyl respectively on PNA were studied. Results: Propofol and fentanyl caused a dose-dependent depression of PNA with complete abolition at the highest total doses of 16 mg · kg?1 i. v. and 32 μg · kg?1 i. v., respectively. In contrast, midazolam in incremental doses to a total of 0.8 mg · kg?1 reduced mean PNA by 63%, but approximately 12% of PNA remained at a total dose as high as 6.4 mg · kg?1. The mean ED50s, calculated from dose-response curves, were 5.4 mg · kg?1, 3.9 μg · kg?1 and 0.4 mg · kg?1 for propofol, fentanyl and midazolam, respectively. Initial doses of either fentanyl 1 μg · kg?1 i. v. or midazolam 0.05 mg · kg?1 i. v. acted synergistically with subsequent doses of either propofol or fentanyl to abolish PNA at total doses of 8 mg · kg?1 and 8 μg · kg?1, respectively. Conclusion: Fentanyl has a synergistic interaction with both propofol and midazolam on PNA and hence potentially on respiration.  相似文献   

19.
Background: Catecholaminergic support is often used to improve haemodynamics in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Dopexamine is a synthetic vasoactive catecholamine with beneficial microcirculatory properties. Methods: The influence of perioperative administration of dopexamine on cardiorespiratory data and important regulators of macro- and microcirculation were studied in 30 patients undergoing Whipple pancreaticduodenectomy. The patients received randomized and blinded either 2 μg · kg?1 · min?1 of dopexamine (n=15) or placebo (n=15, control group). The infusion was started after induction of anaesthesia and continued until the morning of the first postoperative day. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and catecholamine plasma levels were measured from arterial blood samples. Measurements were carried out after induction of anaesthesia, 2 h after onset of surgery, at the end of surgery, 2 h after surgery, and on the morning of the first postoperative day. Results: Cardiac index (CI) increased significantly in the dopexamine group (from 2.61±0.41 to 4.57±0.78 1 · min?1 · m?2) and remained elevated until the morning of the first postoperative day. Oxygen delivery index (DO2I) and oxygen consumption index (VO2I) were also significantly increased in the dopexamine group (DO2I: from 416±91 to 717±110 ml/m2 · m2; VO2I: from 98±25 to 157±22 ml/m2 · m2), being significantly higher than in the control group. pHi remained stable only in the dopexamine patients, indicating adequate splanchnic perfusion. Vasopressive regulators of circulation increased significantly only in the untreated control patients (vasopressin: from 4.37±1.1 to 35.9±12.1 pg/ml; ET-1: from 2.88±0.91 to 6.91±1.20 pg/ml). Conclusion: Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery may profit from prophylactic perioperative administration of dopexamine hydrochloride in the form of improved haemodynamics and oxygenation as well as beneficial influence on important regulators of organ blood flow.  相似文献   

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