无张力修补术与腹腔镜下腹膜前修补术治疗 腹股沟疝的效果比较

目的 比较腹股沟疝无张力修补术与腹腔镜下腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的效果。方法 选取2018年5月~2019年5月我院接诊的106例腹股沟疝患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各53例。对照组采用腹股沟疝无张力修补术,观察组采用腹腔镜下腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、VAS评分、术后肛门排气时间、并发症发生率以及复发率。结果 观察组手术时间（50.31±2.89）min长于对照组（42.11±2.69）min,术中出血量（19.51±4.51）ml、VAS评分（2.11±0.34）分、术后肛门排气时间（1.55±0.37）h均低于对照组的（25.88±4.81）ml、（4.82±1.10）分、（3.26±0.64）h,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组并发症发生率（7.54%）低于对照组（16.98%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;随访2个月,观察组复发率（1.89%）,与对照组（5.67%）比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 腹腔镜下腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝疗效确切,对患者创伤小,术后恢复快,减轻了患者术后疼痛。     

疝环充填式无张力疝修补术在老年腹股沟疝中的应用

目的评价疝环充填式无张力疝修补术应用于老年腹股沟疝的临床效果。方法回顾性总结近5年收治的127例老年腹股沟疝患者的临床资料。结果均采用美国Bard公司生产的plugmesh定型产品行无张力疝修补术。全部病例治愈,平均手术时问40min,平均住院4.6d,随诊6~24个月,仅1例复发(复发率0.8%)。结论疝环充填式无张力疝修补术是一种完全符合生理解剖的手术。具有操作简便、创伤小、恢复快、复发率低及适应证宽等优点,适用于老年患者,尤其II型以上疝。     

腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术与填充式无张力疝修补术的比较

目的观察腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术与填充式无张力疝修补术的临床疗效。方法将240例行腹股沟疝修补术的患者,随机分为腹腔镜组和开腹手术组,观察两组患者手术中及术后并发症的发生情况。结果两组患者手术均顺利,术后随访1-4年未见复发。腹腔镜组术后疼痛较轻,住院时间短,两组比较差异性明显(P<0.05);手术时间、术中出血、血肿发生、尿潴留、尿路感染、肺部感染两组比较差异性不明显(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术可以取得与开腹手术相同的效果,其术后疼痛轻微,恢复时间快,更具有较好优势,值得临床推广应用。     

Spindle cell lipoma in an intramuscular lipoma

Intramuscular lipoma (IML) is a relatively common variant of lipomas. The most important sites for IML are the large muscles of the extremities. Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a rare and distinct variant of lipoma. Most SCL arise in the neck, shoulders or back. It has also been described in unusual sites, such as the oral cavity, larynx, bronchus, breast, orbit and extremities. However, localization of a SCL in an IML has not been described yet. Thus, we present the first SCL located in an IML, which was localized underneath the fascia and embedded within the left sartorius muscle of a 55-year-old man. Microscopically, the SCL component of the tumor was sharply circumscribed by a fibrous capsule and clearly separated from the IML in which it was localized. The collagen-forming spindle cells of the SCL showed neither atypia nor pleomorphism. These cells stained positive for CD34, while the mature fat tissue component of the SCL was positive for S-100 protein and negative for CD34. Spindle cells were negative for S-100 protein. Vimentin stained both components of the SCL, as well as the striated muscle fibers and mature fat tissue of the IML. In conclusion, careful morphological observation along with immunohistochemistry for CD34 and S-100 protein are essential to differentiate this rare tumor from lesions that enter the differential diagnosis.     

Ossifying lipoma

 Lipomas are very common, but osseous changes within these tumours are rare. A lipoma with osseous components is presented, with an overview of the literature and pathogenesis of this unusual lesion and considerations relating to the differential diagnosis. Received: 28 July 1998 / Accepted: 27 August 1998     

对于腹股沟疝无张力修补术41例及腹股沟嵌顿疝修补术4例临床分析

目的探析腹股沟疝无张力修补术及腹股沟嵌顿疝修补术的临床治疗效果。方法将我院接收的45例腹股沟疝患者作为观察对象,分析总结腹股沟疝无张力修补术及腹股沟嵌顿疝修补术的临床效果。结果本组45例患者,有4例患者为急诊手术行腹股沟嵌顿疝修补术,41例患者行腹股沟疝无张力修补术,手术后有4例患者发生尿潴留,2例患者出现阴囊水肿,3例患者有伤口异物感,2例患者有切口哆开。所有患者均随访2~3个月,未见有复发病例。结论腹股沟疝无张力修补手术简单安全创伤小,手术后恢复快。复发率低,是较为理想的手术方式,值得临床应用和推广,腹股沟嵌顿疝急诊手术宜选用传统疝修补术。     

应用疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝168例临床分析

目的 总结疝环充填式无张力疝修补术的治疗效果。方法 采用美国巴德公司的聚丙烯疝环充填物及成型补片，对168例腹股沟疝病人进行无张力修补治疗，对手术时间、伤口疼痛、术后自主能力的恢复、住院时间、并发症及复发率等进行观察。结果 与传统疝修补手术相比，具有方法简便，术后疼痛轻，恢复快，住院时间短，并发症少，复发率低和更宽的手术指征等优点。结论 疝环充填式无张力疝修补术是一种治疗腹股沟疝的理想手术方法。     

单丝聚酯疝补片应用于腹股沟疝修补术的临床研究

目的 研究单丝聚酯疝补片用于腹股沟疝修补的安全性及有效性.方法 选取行单侧腹股沟疝修补术的30例患者,分为试验组采用聚酯补片,对照组使用聚丙烯补片.比较两组疗效、产品安全性和不良反应事件.结果 基线资料差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后随访1～6个月,两组间均无复发.术后异物感评分和第三个月随访异物感评分差异有统...     

Chondroid lipoma of the parotid gland

The presence of a parotid tumour containing cartilage immediately invokes a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. However, the case we wish to highlight is a rare primary parotid neoplasm composed of both immature and mature fat and cartilaginous-looking areas conforming histologically to a chondroid lipoma.This lesion is a well-circumscribed, lobulated tumour composed of mature fat, mono- and multi-vacuolated lipoblastic-like cells suspended in a chondromyxoid matrix, simulating a cartilaginous tumour. There is no cytological atypical thus separating it from malignant fat and cartilaginous tumours. Chondroid lipomas do not show epithelial differentiation and exhibit only focal cytokeratin immunoexpression, thereby allowing for separation from pleomorphic adenoma and myoepithelioma.     

Concomitant closure of patent canal of Nuck during laparoscopic surgery: case report

Indirect inguinal hernia is neglected by many female patients. When women undergo laparoscopy for infertility work-up or other gynaecological conditions, the hernia appears pressurized by the pneumoperitoneum. A large opening on the peritoneum followed by the patent canal of Nuck-as seen in the patient in this case report-is accompanied by a bulge above the labia major. This situation was treated with simple ligation of the canal of Nuck from the internal inguinal ring, and the vulvar bulging mass quickly disappeared, even while under pneumoperitoneal pressure. Laparoscopic hernia repair is currently performed with a mesh prosthesis to cover the defect; however, in female patients it seems unnecessary to use such an invasive method designed largely for males. According to our experience, the concomitant simple closure method for female indirect inguinal hernia is a quick and simple procedure, and deals with the problem during the same laparoscopy. In addition, disappearance of the bulging mass under the pneumoperitoneum offers a useful diagnostic test to secure hernia management.     

超普疝装置无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿绞窄性疝27例体会

目的：探讨应用超普疝装置（UHS）治疗腹股沟嵌顿绞窄性疝的临床应用价值。方法：2007年1月至2009年10月,我科收治腹股沟嵌顿绞窄性疝27例,采用UHS进行一期无张力修补,对其临床资料进行回顾分析。结果：27例手术全部成功完成,手术时间（60．5±17．3）min。术后1例切口感染,3例皮下脂肪液化,均经引流治疗而痊愈。住院时间4-9d,平均6．5d,全部治愈出院。术后27例获随访,随访时间2-4a,无一例复发。结论：应用超普疝装置（UHS）对腹股沟嵌顿绞窄性疝行一期修补是安全和有效的,该术式具有术后疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短、并发症少和复发率低的优点。     

Dermal spindle cell lipoma: plexiform and nodular variants

We report on eleven cases of a distinctive dermal spindle cell lipoma characterized by a mixture of mature adipocytes and spindle-shaped cells in a fibromucinous background. Six lesions showed a moderately well circumscribed plexiform pattern, five a well demarcated nodular pattern with compression of surrounding connective tissue and prominent stromal fibrosis. Clinically, the plexiform type mostly occurred in the thigh-groin-buttock area and the nodular type in the head-neck or acral location. While plexiform lesions were predominantly seen in middle-aged females, nodular types occurred in young adults of either sex. No recurrence was seen in five patients with follow-up. The tumour cells were vimentin positive and a thin cytomplasmic rim of S-100 protein positivity was seen in mature adipocytes. Ultrastructural studies revealed lipoblastic differentiation of spindle-shaped cells with lipid droplets and basal lamina formation. Dermal spindle cell lipomas seem to be the dermal counterpart of the most subcutaneously located spindle cell lipoma.     

Pleomorphic lipoma: a tumour simulating liposarcoma

Pleomorphic lipoma or giant-cell lipoma is a recently recognized entity affecting predominantly elderly and middle-aged men. The neck, shoulder region and back are the sites of predilection. The clinical setting is similar to that seen with spindlecell lipoma. The lesion is characterized by an intricate mixture of mature fibrous tissue, adipose tissue and myxoid tissue interspersed with cellular foci. Most characteristic of the latter are a variety of giant cells and especially the 'floret' giant-cells, so named because of the arrangement of their nuclei which is reminiscent of the petals of a flower. The pleomorphism of the lesion frequently leads to misdiagnosis as liposarcoma. Criteria for the differentiation from the various types of liposarcoma are discussed. The possible relationship of pleomorphic lipoma to some of the 'atypical lipomas' described in the recent literature is analysed. The pleomorphic lipoma is a benign lesion of subcutaneous tissue which must be sharply differentiated from sarcomas. Some of the liposarcomas alleged in the literature to have originated within a pre-existing lipoma possibly represented pleomorphic lipomas. Pleomorphic lipoma is an entity which must be added to the growing number of pseudosarcomatous lesions of soft tissue.     

Surface marking of the deep inguinal ring

The surface marking of the deep inguinal ring (DIR) is commonly described as being located at either the middle of the inguinal ligament (MIL) or at the mid-inguinal point (MIP); there seems to be no consensus in previous studies in patients with inguinal hernias. The present study was carried out to determine a more accurate location of the DIR in individuals without inguinal hernias. Fifty-two cadavers without inguinal hernias were dissected and the positions of the DIR, MIL, MIP and femoral artery (FA) were determined. The mean distance from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the DIR was 62 mm, where as the mean distance from the ASIS to the MIL, MIP, and FA were 55, 66, and 65 mm, respectively. The study showed that in individuals without inguinal hernias the DIR did not correspond to the MIL or MIP, but rather to an area between these two landmarks. The surface marking of the DIR may be best described as at the mid-inguinal region.     

老年腹股沟疝的无张力修补术

目的 观察60岁以上老年腹股沟疝患者无张力修补术的临床疗效。方法 126例老年腹股沟疝患者均采用无张力修补术，术后随访1～3年，观察恢复情况。结果 术后患者平均36h下床活动，平均住院8d，没有发生尿潴留，阴囊水肿及切口感染，复发率为0．7％。结论 无张力修补术对老年患者治疗效果良好。     

Sclerotic lipoma: lipomas simulating sclerotic fibroma

Aims: We report a series of five unusual subcutaneous lipomas characterized by prominent stromal sclerosis in a storiform arrangement. Methods and results: All lesions occurred in young male adults (23.0 ± 9.5 years), three lesions were on the scalp and two on the hands. Clinically, lipoma, chondroma or some form of cyst were suspected. In contrast to sclerotic fibroma (‘circumscribed storiform collagenoma’) a variable number of adipocytes were interspersed within the fibrosclerotic background. These cells also showed immunoreactivity for S100 protein as well as intracytoplasmic lipid deposits ultrastructurally. None of the lesions recurred within a follow-up period of between 0.5 and 9 years. Conclusions: Our series suggests that sclerotic lipomas should be classified with fibro- and myxolipomas, angiolipomas, spindle cell and pleomorphic lipomas, as an additional characteristic subtype of lipoma. Sclerotic lipomas are often misdiagnosed as a sclerotic fibroma, but are essentially fatty tumours and are, at least in our small series, not associated with Cowden's disease.     

Sclerotic lipoma: lipomas simulating sclerotic fibroma

Aims : We report a series of five unusual subcutaneous lipomas characterized by prominent stromal sclerosis in a storiform arrangement. Methods and results : All lesions occurred in young male adults (23.0  ±  9.5 years), three lesions were on the scalp and two on the hands. Clinically, lipoma, chondroma or some form of cyst were suspected. In contrast to sclerotic fibroma ('circumscribed storiform collagenoma') a variable number of adipocytes were interspersed within the fibrosclerotic background. These cells also showed immunoreactivity for S100 protein as well as intracytoplasmic lipid deposits ultrastructurally. None of the lesions recurred within a follow-up period of between 0.5 and 9 years. Conclusions : Our series suggests that sclerotic lipomas should be classified with fibro- and myxolipomas, angiolipomas, spindle cell and pleomorphic lipomas, as an additional characteristic subtype of lipoma. Sclerotic lipomas are often misdiagnosed as a sclerotic fibroma, but are essentially fatty tumours and are, at least in our small series, not associated with Cowden's disease.     

腹股沟斜疝层次结构显示及其应用解剖学研究

目的为临床腹股沟疝修补术和局部手术解剖学教学提供理论基础和形态学资料。方法连续逐层解剖显示斜疝标本腹股沟区局部层次并观察腹股沟管、疝囊及周围组织。结果腹股沟区各层结构分层、明显延续为阴囊壁各层次;除腹环明显外,未见典型的腹股沟管围成结构;由腹膜形成典型的疝囊;腹膜鞘突上段闭锁不完全形成疝囊后壁的鞘突腹膜前、后层。结论认识腹股沟斜疝后腹股沟区和腹股沟管解剖结构改变是临床腹股沟疝修补术和腹股沟管重建成功的基础。     

ERAS策略在儿童传统腹股沟疝修补术中的临床应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科（ERAS）策略在儿童传统腹股沟疝修补术中的应用效果。方法 选择2018年7月~11月在昆明市儿童医院拟择期行传统腹股沟疝修补术的患儿300例作为研究对象。根据手术日期分为传统流程组和ERAS组,每组150例。记录并比较两组患儿术后哭闹及呕吐情况、下床玩耍时间、正常饮食时间、住院天数、住院费用、家属满意度。结果 ERAS 组患儿术后哭闹发生率为28.00%,低于传统流程组的42.67%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组患儿呕吐发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。ERAS 组患儿下床玩耍时间（1.71±0.42）h、正常饮食时间（3.48±1.13）h、住院天数（2.79±0.34）d、住院费用（5012±67.52）元均少于传统流程组的（2.43±0.73）h、（4.23±0.94）h、（4.34±0.62）d、（5809±89.48）元,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。ERAS 组家属满意度高于传统流程组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 ERAS策略应用于儿童传统腹股沟疝修补术中,促进患儿术后恢复,提高满意度高,降低医疗费用,有较大的应用价值。     

心脏脂肪瘤的临床病理特点

目的：总结心脏脂肪瘤的病理形态特点，结合临床分析其意义。方法：收集并分析384例原发性心脏肿瘤中脂肪瘤病例的年龄、性别、就诊目的和心电图改变，核查肿瘤生长部位、大小和组织学特点。结果：检出脂肪瘤9例，占心脏和心胞肿瘤的2.34％。7例伴有异常Q波、频发室早和低电压等心电图改变。肿瘤分别位于心脏表面4例、心室腔面3例、房间隔1例和二尖瓣1例。病理表现为心外膜脂肪瘤样肥厚1例，孤立性脂肪瘤4例和浸润性脂肪瘤4例，未见房间隔脂肪瘤样肥厚和脂肪肉瘤。手术切除后6例痊愈，1例出现房扑，2例仍存异常Q波和短阵室速。结论“脂肪瘤是继黏液瘤后的第二位心脏原发性肿瘤，脂肪瘤的组织学诊断须结合临床及影像学结果分析，孤立性脂肪瘤预后较好，而浸润性脂肪瘤不易切净，心律失常不易根治。