镇江地区五年来职业烧伤回顾性调查

对镇江地区１９８６～１９９１年２２１例职业烧伤病例进行了分析总结。本组平均年龄３１．２岁，男性占８３．４％，７９．６％的病人在伤后２４ｈ内入院。首位致伤原因为火焰（３３％）。平均烧伤面积１７．１％，平均Ⅲ度面积８．１％。８．１％的病人并发吸入性损伤。本组死亡率为１．８％。平均住院时间３４．３天，平均住院费用３千余元。文章强调对职业烧伤的现场急救和正确的早期处理，讨论了降低职业烧伤发病率的初步设想，旨在为劳保部门和其它地区职业烧伤研究提供参考。     

镇江地区五年来职业烧伤回顾性调查

对镇江地区１９８６－１９９１年２２１例职业烧伤病便进行了分析总结。本组平均年龄３１．２岁，男性占８３．４％，７９．６％的病人在伤后２４ｇ内入院。首位致伤原因为火焰（３３％）。平均烧伤面积１７．１％。平均Ⅲ度面积８．１％。８．１％的病人并发吸入性损伤。本组死亡率为１．８％。平均住院时间３４．３天，平均初步住院费用３千余元。文章强调对职业烧伤的现场急救和正确的早期处理，讨论了降低职业烧伤发病率的初步设     

液氨烧伤15例救治体会

我院1985年和1992年先后收治两批共15例液氨烧冲复合伤病人,现将救治体会报告如下。本组男7例,女8例,年龄7～75岁,平均38.2岁。烧伤总面积2%～56%,平均19.8%;Ⅲ度面积0～30%,平均4.9%。本组并发吸入性损伤13例,其中轻     

矩形皮瓣修复虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形

手部深度烧伤后拇指及指蹼瘢痕挛缩 ,严重影响手的功能 ,后期多需整形手术。但严重大面积烧伤后 ,不仅局部瘢痕粘连严重 ,且前臂或远隔部位也无供瓣区 ,治疗方法受限 ,单纯植皮疗效差。我们利用局部成熟的瘢痕组织 ,设计三个矩形皮瓣开大虎口。术后效果较好 ,报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般情况本组 6例 ,男性 ,年龄 2 1～ 36岁。平均烧伤面积4 8.1%± 2 1.3% , 度烧伤面积 33.7%± 10 .5 %。烧伤后虎口挛缩 10例次 ,其中 7例次为单侧虎口挛缩 ,3例次伴有拇内收肌挛缩畸形。挛缩后拇指外展和对掌功能丧失 ,平均虎口间距为 (31.8± 2 .9) mm…     

量子血治疗烧伤休克期低氧血症112例体会

我们自1992至1994年对112例大面积烧伤病人给予量子血治疗,取得良好效果。资料和方法一、一般资料112例均为伤后48小时以内的病人,男82例,女30例,年龄18～74岁,平均27.3岁;烧伤面积50%～95%,平均67.2%,Ⅲ度烧伤14%～85%,平均42.20%;PaO_23.87～11.6kPa(1kPa=7.5mmHg),平均8.74kPa。二、病人分组情况将病人分为三组,A 组为大面积组共69例,烧伤     

豫南地区15331例烧伤病人调查分析

豫南地区１５３３１例烧伤病人调查分析常明，侯新国，刘群才，朱卉我们对豫南地区的１５３３１例烧伤病人，分不同年龄组对其致伤原因、烧伤面积、发病季节、入院时间、病人的职业及城乡分布等进行了调查及统计分析，现报告如下。资料和方法一、病人来源系我院１９５８年...     

Harare烧伤中心住院病人流行病学的前瞻性研究

在发展中国家居民的居住环境中,火灾所引起的烧伤为最常见的意外事故。研究旨在通过对津巴布韦大学Harare烧伤中心住院病人的病因和治疗结果进行收集整理和统计分析,以探讨相应的预防措施。 研究对象为1993年4月至1996年5月期间451例烧伤后24小时内入院的病人。资料收集包括病人的一般情况(如年龄、性别、职业、居住的地区和住所的类型     

高原地区严重烧伤病人的血气分析

高原地区严重烧伤病人的血气分析李海林王庆明亓伟明１９８９年９月至１９９３年１２月，对我科收治的２４例严重烧伤病人进行了系统的血气分析。资料与方法本组男性１８例，女性６例；平均烧伤总面积５８．１％±２１．５％，平均Ⅲ度面积４４％±２０．０％；当地生长者１３例...     

豫南地区15 331例烧伤病人调查分析

我们对豫南地区的15331例烧伤病人,分不同年龄组对其致伤原因、烧伤面积、发病季节、入院时间、病人的职业及城乡分布等进行了调查及统计分析,现报告如下。资料和方法一、病人来源系我院1958年12月至1993年12月间收治的烧伤住院病人共15331例。二、统计方法为统计方便,我们将热水、热饭、热饮料、热油、热     

22例严重烧伤并发真菌感染

严重烧伤病人并发真菌感染日渐增多,尤其广谱、强效的抗生素的长时间应用,烧伤后自身免疫功能的下降和创面长期不愈是真菌感染的重要发病因素[1,2]。我院1993年至1998年期间收治的147例严重烧伤患者,在做普通培养的同时,常规做真菌培养与涂片检查,发现有22例患者有真菌生长,对其危害因素、诊断及治疗分析如下:临床资料1.一般资料:本组男14例,女8例,年龄4～55岁,烧伤面积在40%～80%ＴＢＳＡ,平均为58.1%ＴＢＳＡ,其中Ⅲ度烧伤面积平均33.7%ＴＢＳＡ。2.真菌的检测和培养:(1)从烧伤病人咽部或烧伤创面分离的细菌经Ａｍｓ全自动微生物诊断仪确…     

Chemical burns: our 10-year experience.

A review of 173 patients with chemical burns admitted to our burn unit was carried out during the years 1976-85. Most burns were work related (83 per cent). The majority of patients were men aged 21-50 years (mean age = 29.6 years). The mean total body surface area involved was 3.6 per cent (range = 1-30 per cent). The mean length of stay in hospital was 6.3 days (range = 1-52 days). The extremities were involved in 68 per cent of the patients. The more common aetiological agents were bromine and its compounds (36 per cent), then acids (21 per cent), alkalis and organic substances (14.5 per cent each). The severest burns were caused by the inorganic substances. Delayed admission was most characteristic of the bromine and alkali burns. Complications included local infection (19 cases), systemic infection (two cases), inhalation injury (two cases), tissue necrosis (one case) and corneal erosion (one case). There were no deaths. Increased awareness of the hazardous potential of chemicals should help reduce the incidence of chemical burns.     

Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study: V. Burn injury

Burn injury cases were identified from a population-based sample of trauma visits to hospital emergency departments in northeastern Ohio during 1977. The 199 cases represented 2.4% of all trauma incidence visits by residents of the five-county study region. Ninety-five per cent of the burn cases were released from the emergency department directly after treatment. The annual incidence rate of emergency department-treated burns was 4.7 per 1,000 population. Incidence rates for males were twice those for females. The age groups with the highest annual incidence rates were those under 5 years of age and 25-34 years (seven and eight cases per 1,000 population, respectively). Most burns occurred at home or the workplace. The youngest employed age group sustained the highest rate of work-related burns. Hot or corrosive substances caused two thirds of all burns; fire and flames caused one fourth.     

An analysis of burn mortality: a report from a Spanish regional burn centre

This paper reports an analysis of the mortality rates and related factors in our Burn Centre, based on 710 patients treated between 1985 and 1988. The average age of the patients was 23.8 years and the average burn size was 14 per cent of the body surface area. Burning injury affected mainly men (66 per cent), and their mortality rate was higher than that of women. The overall mortality rate was 6.6 per cent, the average age of the fatally injured patients being 54 years. We confirm that mortality in burned patients is closely related to: age (51 per cent of the patients were over 60 years of age); burn size (68 per cent of the patients had burns covering more than 30 per cent TBS); burn depth (57.4 per cent had full skin thickness burns); inhalation injury (present in 66 per cent of the fatally injured); and associated risk factors. The main cause of the burning injury was flames, chiefly from domestic accidents. The average survival time for the fatally injured patients was 10 days. Finally, our expected mortality followed a linear regression model, the LA50 for patients with only full skin thickness burns was 50 per cent.     

Analysis of 155 patients with chemical injury: a 5-year experience

From July 1986 to June 1991, 155 patients were treated in our department for various chemical burn injuries. The experience over the 5-year period is reviewed. Among these patients, 109 patients were between 20 and 40 years of age and accounted for 70.3 per cent of all chemical burn patients. It is suggested that chemical burns are very common in people of working age. Chemical burn manifestations were unlike those of thermal injury. The scene of injury, type of chemical agent, age of patients, clinical manifestation and management of the burn surface are discussed. Although the patients were given the same physical therapy, early tangential or full thickness excision and immediate autografting yielded better results than conservative treatment and shortened hospital stay.     

Epidemiology of industrial burns in Brisbane

A retrospective epidemiological study of industrial burns admitted to the Royal Brisbane Hospital was conducted over a period of 7 years. A total of 182 patients were included in this survey--173 males (95 per cent) and 9 females (5 per cent). The proportion of industrial burns has decreased from 31.5 per cent to 18.5 per cent of total admissions to the burns unit over the past 10 years. Fifty per cent of the burns occurred in males less than 30 years old. The average age was 31 years. Two-thirds of the burns covered less than 10 per cent of the body and 84 per cent covered less than 20 per cent. While scalds were the commonest cause of industrial burns in our study (19.4 per cent), flame burns with clothing ignited caused the most extensive burns. Face and hands were the most common sites involved. Burns to these regions were mainly caused by flame and electrical burns. Eye burns comprised 5.5 per cent of the sample and were due to chemicals, gas explosions and electric flash. Twenty-six patients (14 per cent) suffered respiratory injury. Only one patient out of our series of 182 died. Progress has been made in industrial safety in the past few years but carelessness and human error still take their toll.     

Burn injury and management in Liberia

Burn care in developing countries remains a challenge. This paper reviews the acute burn care of 21 patients admitted during a 1-year period to a hospital in Liberia. Lack of supplies and education, coupled with the local belief system, reflect on patient management. The study population to falled 21 patients, ranging from 1 to 62 years of age. TBSA burns ranged from 2 to 60 per cent (mean 21 per cent), 61 per cent of patients were grafted. The time between burn and graft varied between 5 and 96 days (mean 29.8). Graft take varied between 40 and 100 per cent (mean 81 per cent). Of the grafted patients 66.6 per cent received blood (average 732 ml). At the time of presentation 61.9 per cent of patients had other illness. The average number of hospital days was 37.9 (range 2–76). The mortality rate was 14.2 per cent. When managing burns in a developing country, adaption of a simple, clearly defined method of treatment, together with education of the caregivers, is suggested. As in the developed world, however, prevention is the critical factor.     

An epidemiological study of burn patients hospitalized in Valencia, Spain during 1989.

A retrospective study has been made of the patients hospitalized in the Burn Centre of La Fe Hospital in Valencia (Spain) during 1989. Of the 1825 patients seen during this period, 146 (8 per cent) were admitted to hospital. The mean patient age was 31.42 years, 68.5 per cent of the patients were male; 34.1 per cent were children under the age of 15 years and 15 per cent were over 60 years old. Fire was the most common cause of burns (50 per cent), and produced the most extensive lesions. Electrical current and firm contact with hot surfaces caused deeper burns. Thermal lesions were most frequently produced within the domestic environment. Burns caused by fire affected mainly the head and neck, scalding tended to involve the trunk and electrical current caused injury to the limbs. Half the hospital admissions were discharged within 15 days. Most of the lesions requiring hospital admission occurred during the winter months.     

An analysis of 1704 burn injuries in Hong Kong children

Over a 12-month period, 1704 children less than 15 years old with burn injuries seen in the accident and emergency departments of seven major regional hospitals in Hong Kong were analysed with respect to their epidemiological data. The age group with the highest risk for injury was 0-4 years (57 per cent) and with a maximum at 1-2 years of age. Boys showed a significantly higher incidence of burns than girls at any age. Ninety-three per cent of the accidents occurred at home and 92 per cent were scalds caused by hot water and other fluids. In the great majority of patients the total body area of burn did not exceed 5 per cent. Younger children had a higher incidence of burns involving the head, face and anterior trunk, 39 per cent of the 0-4 year age group required hospital admission. During the winter months, the children tended to suffer from deeper burns.     

A policy of early excision and grafting in elderly burn patients shortens the hospital stay and improves survival

Early excision and grafting of the burn wound appears to shorten the hospital stay and decrease mortality in children and adults. However, whether an early surgical approach is safe in elderly burn patients has not been resolved. To answer this question we carried out a prospective study of early surgery in 114 consecutive patients over the age of 50 years. Patients were generally operated on between post-burn days 2 and 5. The mean age of the patients was 68 years, with a burn size of 22 per cent, of which 13 per cent was full thickness skin loss. The mean hospital stay of the surviving patients was reduced by 40 per cent compared to national averages (P less than 0.001). The mortality rate for the entire group of patients was 17 per cent, with 2 deaths in the 65 patients with burns less than 20 per cent total body surface area (TBSA). Although the mortality rate for patients with burns greater than 20 per cent TBSA was 35 per cent, this was less than predicted (P less than 0.05). The improvement in survival appeared to be due to a decrease in the incidence of lethal burn wound infections.