慢性心力衰竭患者治疗前后心钠素、脑钠素浓度变化

目的 观察慢性心力衰竭患者心钠素、脑钠素浓度改变及卡维地洛对其影响.方法 慢性心力衰竭患者50例(观察组)和正常健康人20例(对照组).采用放射免疫法测定治疗前后血浆ANP、BNP浓度;彩色超声心动图测定左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径等.结果 观察组血浆ANP、BNP浓度均高于对照组(P均＜0.01);临床慢性心力衰竭程度越重,血浆ANP、BNP浓度越高(P均＜0.01);卡维地洛治疗者与常规治疗者治疗满2w后均有血浆ANP、BNP浓度下降,卡维地洛治疗者血浆ANP、BNP浓度下降更明显(P＜0.05);而满3个月时卡维地洛治疗者左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径均比常规治疗者明显改善(P均＜0.05).结论 ANP、BNP浓度可以反映心功能状态;卡维地洛可以降低ANP、BNP浓度及改善心脏重构及心功能.     

卡维地洛并左卡尼汀治疗慢性心力衰竭100例观察

目的观察卡维地洛加左卡尼汀治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效及安全性。方法100例患者随机分为卡维地洛加左卡尼汀(A组)和倍他乐克组(B组)。两者均常规应用洋地黄、利尿剂、血管扩张剂等药物。A组在常规治疗的基础上加卡维地洛3.125mgqd开始,每周递增半片,直至最大量6.25mg,每天2次。稳定剂量维持6个月,并应用左卡尼汀3g加入250ml液体中静滴,每日1次,共2周。B组在常规治疗的基础上加用倍他乐克6.25mg每天2次开始,每周增加半片,最大量为50mg每天2次,稳定剂量维持6个月。每周测量血压、心率、评定心功能、治疗前后查超声心动图、记录不良反应。结果卡维地洛加左卡尼汀治疗组心功能分级,左室射血分数(LVEF)明显升高,左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)和收缩末期内径(LVESD)明显降低(P<0.01),心率减慢(P<0.01),血压下降(P<0.01),与治疗前相比差异有显著性。结论卡维地洛加左卡尼汀治疗慢性心力衰竭疗效显著,并能改善左室重塑,安全有效。     

卡维地洛治疗心力衰竭的临床分析

目的:观察卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的临床疗效。方法:将86例CHF患者随机分成两组。常规治疗组(40例)使用洋地黄、利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、硝酸酯类等制剂;卡维地洛治疗组(46例)在常规治疗基础上,心力衰竭初步控制后卡维地洛初始剂量3.125 mg,2次/d。评估治疗前后心功能、心率、血压、超声心动图,并进行对照。结果:与常规治疗组比较,卡维地洛组的症状及心功能均明显改善,左室射血分数明显提高,左心室舒张末内径及收缩末内径均明显减少,与常规治疗组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:老年CHF患者在常规治疗的基础上加用卡维地洛有较好的临床效果。     

B型利钠肽对充血性心力衰竭诊治的临床价值

【目的】探讨B型利钠肽(BNP)对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)诊治的临床价值。【方法】对96例因充血性心力衰竭住院的患者,入院时测定BNP,同时测定左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末内径(LVDD)。比较BNP同NYHA心功能分级及左心室射血分数之间的关系。【结果】心功能Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级患者的BNP水平分别为(127±15)pg/ml、(352±29)pg/ml、(580±31)pg/ml和(1045±38)pg/ml。心功能越差,BNP越高,不同的NYHA心功能分级,BNP差异有显著性(P<0.001)。BNP水平与LVEF呈明显负相关(r=-0.8,P<0.05)。【结论】BNP能很好的反映心功能情况,动态观察BNP变化水平有助于对心衰患者进行危险性分层。     

比较卡维地洛与常规治疗对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能改善

目的观察卡维地洛对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响,并与常规抗心力衰竭治疗疗效进行比较.方法将141例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为两组:常规治疗组67例,给予常规抗心力衰竭治疗(利尿剂、洋地黄、ACEI),卡维地洛治疗组74例,在常规抗心力衰竭的基础上加服卡维地洛.总疗程4个月.彩色多普勒超声心动图检查CHF患者治疗前后心功能参数变化.结果治疗前两组患者心功能参数无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗后卡维地洛组较常规治疗组左室射血分数(LVEF)显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd),收缩压(SBP),舒张压(DBP)及平均心率(HR)显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),而无任何不良反应.结论卡维地洛能显著改善心力衰竭患者心功能,其疗效明显优于常规抗心力衰竭治疗.     

卡维地洛对慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者心功能及血浆脑钠肽的影响

目的:观察卡维地洛对慢性收缩性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)的影响。方法:慢性收缩性心力衰竭患者54例,随机分为常规治疗组和卡维地洛组各27例。常规治疗组使用血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂或血管紧张素拮抗剂、利尿药、硝酸酯类药和洋地黄类药,卡维地洛组在常规治疗基础上加用卡维地洛,疗程16周。观察心功能改善并测定治疗前后左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)和血浆BNP水平。结果:两组心功能均得到显著改善,血浆BNP水平明显下降,卡维地洛组更明显(P<0.05)。卡维地洛组LVEF和LVEDd虽较常规治疗组有所增加和下降,但差异无显著性。结论:在常规治疗心衰基础上加用卡维地洛能更有效地改善心功能和降低血浆BNP水平。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血脑钠肽水平的变化

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者钠肽(BNP)浓度变化的临床价值。方法将69例慢性心力衰竭患者依据NYHA心功能分级,分为A组(心功能Ⅰ、Ⅱ级)、B组(心功能Ⅲ级)及C组(心功能Ⅳ级),采用ELISA法于入院时、治疗15d后进行血浆BNP水平检测,超声心动图测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF),并和30例健康成人对照组作比较。结果各心功能不全组患者血浆BNP水平均高于对照组(P<0.01);且各心功能不全组间也有显著差异(P<0.01);治疗前后血浆BNP水平比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05);当LVEDD≥60mm时的BNP与LVEDD<60mm时比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);当LVEF<40%时的BNP与LVEF≥40%时比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论慢性心力衰竭患者血脑钠肽水平的升高,BNP水平变化可能是导致慢性心力衰竭的原因之一。     

卡维地洛治疗充血性心力衰竭66例临床分析

目的:观察卡维地洛治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效.方法:选择充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者66例,随机分为常规治疗组(33例)和卡维地洛治疗组(33例),后者在常规抗心衰治疗基础上加用卡维地洛,两组治疗前和治疗6个月均使用超声心动图分别测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)和左心室射血分数(LVEF),并观察6min步行距离和心率变化.结果:CHF患者应用卡维地洛治疗后,LVEDD、LVESD和LVEF的改善均优于常规治疗组(P＜0.01),6min步行距离增加较常规治疗组更为显著(P＜0.01)、心率有所下降.结论:在心衰常规治疗基础上加用卡维地洛治疗CHF,可明显改善心功能.     

糖皮质激素辅助治疗对重症心力衰竭患者心功能及血浆皮质醇、脑钠肽的影响

目的探讨糖皮质激素辅助治疗重症心力衰竭患者对心功能及血浆皮质醇(COR)、脑钠肽(BNP)的影响。方法选择2014年2月至2015年10月衡水市第二人民医院救治的86例重症心力衰竭患者为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,各43例。对照组给予常规治疗(包括强心剂、利尿剂、扩血管药物、β受体阻滞剂等药物),观察组在常规治疗的基础上辅以醋酸泼尼松片口服治疗(每日清晨顿服40~60 mg),用药2周后逐渐减量直至停止。观察两组患者治疗前及治疗2周后心功能、COR及BNP的变化,并结合临床症状评估临床疗效。结果两组治疗后左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)均较治疗前显著减少(P<0.01),左心室射血分数(LVEF)较治疗前显著增加(P<0.01),观察组治疗后LVEDD、LVESD水平显著低于对照组[(53.28±6.23)mm比(57.36±6.05)mm;(41.27±4.26)mm比(44.32±4.13)mm,P<0.01],LVEF水平显著高于对照组[(47.17±4.85)mm比(44.58±4.76)mm,P<0.05]。两组治疗后COR水平均较治疗前显著提高,BNP水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),观察组治疗后COR水平显著高于对照组[(179.83±55.73)μg/L比(146.69±57.46)μg/L,P<0.05],BNP水平显著低于对照组[(593.18±68.94)ng/L比(782.65±73.57)ng/L,P<0.01]。观察组临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用糖皮质激素辅助治疗重症心力衰竭患者可有效改善心功能及COR、BNP水平,提高临床疗效,改善患者预后。     

卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭患者的疗效评价

目的:比较卡维地洛和酒石酸美托洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭患者的疗效。方法:随机将112例慢性心力衰竭患者分为治疗组(给予患者卡维地洛治疗)和对照组(给予患者美托洛尔治疗),每组56例。所有患者均接受常规治疗基础上,疗程为6个月,观察两组患者治疗前、后不同的心率、血压、心功能(NYHA分级)及左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)及6 min步行试验。结果:治疗组患者的症状和心功能得到明显改善,总有效率为91.07%;对照组总有效率为75%;两组患者比较,P<0.05;治疗组患者的LVEF、6 min步行试验较治疗前及对照组增加(P<0.05),心率、血压、LVEDD及NT-pro BNP较治疗前及对照组减少(P<0.05),改善明显。结论:美托洛尔与卡维地洛治疗心力衰竭均有效,治疗组患者的疗效明显优于对照组,表明卡维地洛能有效改善慢性心力衰竭患者的心功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.