在全膝关节置换术中保留和切除髌下脂肪垫对髌腱长度的影响

目的 研究在初次全膝关节置换术中,保留和切除髌下脂肪垫对髌腱长度的影响.方法 将67例骨性关节炎患者(99膝),分为A、B两组.A组为保留髌下脂肪垫组(51膝),B组为切除髌下脂肪垫组(48膝).拍摄膝关节X-ray侧位片:患者仰卧位,半屈膝(＞30°),并确认髌腱为紧张状态.于膝关节侧位片上定位髌骨下极髌腱附丽点和胫骨结节上方凹陷,测量其两点直线长度,即为髌腱长度.测量术前及术后随访时髌腱的长度.结果 A组术前及术后随访时髌腱的长度差异无统计学意义,B组术前及术后随访时髌腱的长度差异有统计学意义(t检验,P=0.0083).结论 在全膝关节置换术中,切除髌下脂肪垫是引起髌腱短缩的重要因素之一,已成为全膝关节置换术后的潜在的、难以察觉的并发症.     

髌下脂肪垫体积与膝骨性关节炎相关性研究

[目的]探讨髌下脂肪垫(infrapatellar fat pad,IPFP)体积与膝关节骨关节炎(Keen Osteoarthritis,KOA)的关系。[方法]对体检职工进行横断面研究,排除膝关节外伤、感染、免疫性疾病后,共纳入114位受试者(114膝)行膝关节MRI扫描。利用mimics16.0处理T1加权图像测定IPFP体积;利用质子密度加权图像对膝关节软骨缺损、骨赘评分;利用WOMAC量表评估膝关节疼痛。分析IPFP体积与软骨缺损、骨赘、疼痛的相关性;并进一步把受试者分为OA组和对照组,比较组间IPFP体积差异性。[结果]多因素分析显示IPFP体积与股骨外侧、胫骨内侧、胫骨外侧、全膝关节骨赘及睡眠、平地行走时膝关节疼痛呈显著负相关;OA组IPFP体积小于非OA组,但差异无统计学意义。[结论]IPFP体积减少与膝关节退变有相关性,但KOA患者IPFP体积较健康人减少并不显著,提示力学作用可能不是IPFP影响KOA的主要途径。     

髌下脂肪垫对全膝关节置换术后患者膝关节功能恢复影响的meta分析

目的通过meta分析评价髌下脂肪垫对全膝关节置换患者术后功能恢复的影响。 方法检索Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed英文数据库和万方数据库、维普数据库以及中国知网数据库有关于髌下脂肪垫对全膝关节置换术后影响的临床随机对照试验（RCTs）和回顾性队列研究实验（RCSs）,使用Revman5.3软件进行meta分析。 结果最终共纳入8篇文献,其中英文文献4篇,中文文献4篇,共纳入全膝关节置换术病例1 474例,其中髌下脂肪垫切除术696例,髌下脂肪垫保留组778例。与髌下脂肪垫切除相比,髌下脂肪垫保留组可降低术后髌韧挛缩（MD=-2.34,95% CI：-3.38~-1.31,P<0.05）,麦克马斯特骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）评分（MD=2.34,95% CI：2.04~2.65,P<0.05）;提高膝关节功能评分（MD=-0.77,95% CI：-1.02~-0.52,P<0.05）,降低术后膝关节前侧疼痛发生率（RR=12.58,95% CI：3.24~48.75,P<0.05）。两组患者在术后膝关节活动度（MD=-7.53,95% CI：-20.27~5.21,P>0.05）,髌腱长度与髌骨最大长轴比值（Insall-Savatict）评分法（MD=-0.04,95% CI：-0.09~0.01,P>0.05）;术后膝关节返修率：（RD=0.01,95% CI：-0.01~0.02,P>0.05）方面无明显差异。 结论与髌下脂肪垫去除组相比,全膝关节置换术后髌下脂肪垫保留可以降低髌韧带痉挛程度,提高膝关节功能评分,同时可降低膝关节前侧疼痛。     

髌下脂肪垫损伤188例

在临床上不少疾病可以引起膝关节疼痛,其中髌下脂肪垫的慢性积累性损伤是引起膝关节痛的常见原因之一。自1992年以来共收治该类患者188例,现报告如下。　　临床资料　本组188例中男77例,女111例,年龄最小21岁,最大79岁,其中40至65岁年龄段142例(占7553%);右膝84例,左膝67...     

髌下脂肪垫解剖学观测及其临床意义

目的：为膝关节疼痛的诊和治疗提供解剖学依据。方法：在１２具 对髌下脂肪垫和髌韧带等组织结构进行了观测。结果：髌下脂肪垫表面与髌韧带的后面结合疏松,但与髌骨下缘紧密连结。滑膜覆盖于髌脂肪垫的关节腔内部分,并形成翼状臂。脂肪垫伸向股骨和股骨间在前交韧带之前,形成一繁带附着髁间窝前部,其将脂肪垫系于股骨。胫骨近端的前方与髌韧带之间,形成一系带附着髁间窝前部,其将脂肪垫系于股骨。胫骨近端的前方与髌韧带下部     

髌下脂肪垫紊乱的研究进展

髌下脂肪垫(infrapatellar fat pad,IFP)也被称为Hoffa's脂肪垫,位于膝关节囊内,滑膜外,充填于膝关节前室内,其内有丰富的血管神经支配,参与膝关节生物力学以及损伤细胞修复中的某些过程。外伤或手术等因素会导致IFP发生纤维化、水肿、炎症等病理变化,从而发生紊乱综合征。IFP由德国外科医师Albert Hoffa在1904年发现并命名,是导致髌下膝关节疼痛的主要原因之一。临床上主要通过体检和磁共振对其进行诊断。治疗方法有物理疗法、局部麻醉阻滞和关节镜切除术等。     

膝关节髌下脂肪垫肿物分析及相关研究

[目的]提高对膝关节髌下脂肪垫内良性肿物早期诊断的认识,探讨关节镜下手术适应证的选择及疗效。[方法]回顾性收集2003~2013年经关节镜手术切除的髌下脂肪垫肿物患者23例。分析其发病特征、影像学表现及手术疗效。[结果]本组23例病例,平均就诊年龄34.48岁。男5例,女18例。均为单侧,左膝14例,右膝9例。4例患者有外伤史。术前病程平均持续时间27.13个月。膝前痛是最常见症状,最常见病理类型为局限性色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎。平均随访时间35.87个月,末次随访平均Lysholm评分由术前的73.17分提升至93.43分(P0.05)。Lysholm评分分别与年龄、VAS评分、术前病程、Outerbridge分级呈负性线性相关(r=-0.670,P=0.000;r=-0.651,P=0.000;r=-0.723,P=0.000;r=-0.509,P=0.007)。年龄分别与VAS评分、术前病程、Outerbridge分级呈显著正相关(r=-0.521,P=0.005;r=0.443,P=0.017;r=0.681,P=0.000)。其中VAS与术前病程也呈正相关(r=0.353,P=0.049)。[结论]膝关节髌下脂肪垫肿物比较少见,其症状与运动功能相关且缺乏特异性,容易被误诊漏诊。综合分析病变临床及影像学特点,对于提高诊断正确率具有重要意义。对于有症状的IFP良性肿物,经关节镜手术切除治疗可取得良好效果。此外,需要重视本病的临床早期诊断与早期治疗,防止病情进展。     

膝关节骨性关节炎患者关节液对髌下脂肪垫间充质干细胞的影响

目的 研究膝关节骨性关节炎患者关节液对髌下脂肪垫间充质干细胞(Infrapatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stem cells,IPFP-MSCs)的影响.方法 体外分离、培养IPFP-MSCs,分别采用DMEM/F-12培养基(或成软骨诱导培养基+DMEM/F-12培养基)、生...     

手法及中药治疗髌下脂肪垫劳损

手法及中药治疗髌下脂肪垫劳损中国中医研究院骨伤科研究所（北京１００７００）郭效东髌下脂肪垫劳损是临床常见的伤病之一，占膝关节痛病人的５０％以上。作者自１９８５年开始迄今用手法及中药熏洗治疗１１７例患者，取得较好疗效，报告如下。临床资料１１７例病人中，...     

保留髌下脂肪垫对全膝关节置换预后的影响

目的探讨在初次全膝关节置换中,对髌下脂肪垫保留,并予以原位缝合对早期手术切口愈合的影响。 方法选取阜阳市第二人民医院2015至2017年237例(283膝)行初次膝关节置换术治疗膝关节骨关节炎患者,对术后切口情况进行回顾性分析。其中109例(124膝)保留髌下脂肪垫(保留组),128例(159膝)切除髌下脂肪垫(切除组)。分别观察术中出血量、术后24 h引流量、手术时间、术后72 h内疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、美国膝关节协会评分系统(AKS)的膝评分、术后关节功能、切口愈合情况以及术后随访2年髌前痛的发生率。计量资料采用独立样本t检验两组间比较,计数资料采用卡方检验。 结果术中出血量、术后24 h引流量、术后72 h内疼痛评分、AKS评分、关节功能、髌前痛发生率两组间无差异。保留组术后出现切口并发症(伤口术后持续渗血超过3 d)的患者2例(1.6%),切除组术后出现切口并发症患者13例(8.2%),两组术后出现切口并发症的概率两组差异有统计学意义(χ²＝5.544,P<0.05),单、双侧膝关节置换手术时间保留组分别为(84±15)min和(144±13)min,切除组分别为(74±13)min和(133±15)min,保留组明显长于切除组,两组差异有统计学意义(单侧t＝5.746,P<0.05,双侧t＝6.463,P<0.05)。 结论膝关节骨关节炎行初次全膝关节置换术中采用切开原位缝合髌下脂肪垫的方法,可较完整保留脂肪垫,且不影响手术操作,虽然增加了手术时间,但明显降低了术后切口并发症的发生率。     

髌下脂肪垫切除对全膝关节置换预后的影响

目的：探讨髌下脂肪垫（infrapatellar fat pad, IPFP）的保留或切除对全膝关节置换术预后的影响。方法对2014年1月至2015年4月于我院就诊的110例（118膝）膝骨关节炎患者进行随机对照研究,采用随机数字表法将其随机分入IPFP切除组和IPFP保留组,各59膝。记录并比较两组患者术前及术后1个月、1年时的改良Insall?Salvati指数和美国膝关节协会（American Knee Society, AKS）评分系统膝评分。结果两组患者组内术后1个月、术后1年的改良Insall?Salvati指数分别与术前比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）,但AKS膝评分均较术前改善,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;两组患者术前、术后1个月、术后1年的改良Insall?Salvati指数及AKS膝评分组间相比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。IPFP切除组有2例切口远端渗出,愈合不良,经定期换药,术后3周愈合,1例术后1年有膝前痛;IPFP保留组切口均愈合良好,4例术后1年随访时有膝前痛。结论切除IPFP对全膝关节置换术后膝关节功能无明显影响,可予以切除以增加术野暴露或部分切除以保护“密集血管区”。     

Influence of the infrapatellar fat pad resection in a synovectomy during total knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Influence of the infrapatellar fat pad resection in a synovectomy during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our findings for 120 RA patients at 28 to 38 months after surgery showed that (i) a significant decrease in the number of patients with anterior aching discomfort despite a lower-lying patella was seen in patients with infrapatellar synovectomy compared with patients without infrapatellar synovectomy, and (ii) an increase in the number of patients with anterior aching discomfort, significant limited motion, slight quadriceps weakness, and significant shortening of patellar tendon length and patella height were noted among patients with infrapatellar synovectomy, including fat pad resection, than in patients without infrapatellar synovectomy.     

膝关节骨性关节炎合并髌下脂肪垫劳损的B超诊断与治疗

膝关节骨性关节炎是一种常见病，是引起膝关节痛的主要原因之一。膝关节骨性关节炎与髌下脂肪垫劳损的研究甚少，我们从1995—2003年对106例膝关节骨性关节炎患者进行了髌下脂肪垫B超检查，同时与150例正常膝关节进行了对比。并对确诊为膝关节髌下脂肪垫劳损患者采用透明质酸钠关节腔注射，效果优良，现报告如下。     

Complete excision of the infrapatellar fat pad is associated with patellar tendon shortening after primary total knee arthroplasty

Background

Patella baja is a potentially disabling and difficult-to-treat complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We investigated whether complete or partial excision of the fat pad has an effect on the length of the patellar tendon following TKA.

Methods

A retrospective review of patient radiographs was performed. One hundred and eleven consecutive patients who underwent primary TKA for osteoarthritis using the same components by two consultants were selected. Seventy-two patients underwent complete excision of the fat pad, whilst 39 had partial excision as per consultant practice. Patellar height was measured using the Caton–Deschamps Index (CDI) on immediate postoperative radiographs and at a minimum follow-up of 1 year.

Results

In the complete excision group, the mean CDI changed from 0.54 immediately postoperatively to 0.45 at a minimum follow-up of 1 year (p < 0.0001) indicating shortening of the patellar tendon, and eight patients reported anterior knee pain. The partial excision group’s mean CDI changed from 0.76 to 0.75 (p = 0.231). An analysis of variance showed that the effect of complete fat pad excision on patella tendon length was significant, F(1, 109) = 15.273, p < 0.001.

Conclusion

At a minimum follow-up of 1 year, the patellar tendon length shortened significantly in the group of patients with complete fat pad excision. With partial excision, there was no significant change in tendon length. Complete excision of the fat pad should therefore be avoided wherever possible in an attempt to avoid patella baja.

Level of evidence

II.

     

Hoffa's fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty

The authors have studied the consequences of resection of Hoffa's fat pad during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Sixty eight patients undergoing primary TKA were randomised to have Hoffa's fat pad either resected or preserved. Biopsy specimens of Hoffa's fat pad were taken for pathological study in all patients. Radiological, functional and clinical evaluation was made after surgery, before discharge from hospital, after one month and after six months. Thirty six percent of the patients were found to present inflammatory infiltration of Hoffa's fat pad, and severe fibrosis was found in 33 %. A progressive decrease in postoperative anterior knee pain was found in 95% of the patients in both groups. Hoffa's fat pad resection did not appear to result in a change in patellar tendon length during the first six months after TKA. Preoperative fibrosis of Hoffa's fat pad may play a role in postoperative pain and range of motion.     

Patellar tendon length after knee arthroplasty with and without preservation of the infrapatellar fat pad

Our aim was to assess whether there was any significant difference in change in patellar tendon length after knee arthroplasty, when the infrapatellar fat pad was either preserved or excised. Three-year radiographic follow-up was studied on 73 primary knee arthroplasty patients. The infrapatellar fat pad was completely preserved in 38 cases and completely excised in 35. At 3 years there was a significant patellar tendon shortening of 4.2% (P = .0004) in the fat pad excision group and no significant change in the fat pad preservation group (P = .82). The difference between the 2 groups was significant (P = .004). Our results show that patella tendon length does not always shorten after knee arthroplasty and that preservation of the infrapatellar fat pad may be a factor in preventing such shortening.