前列腺疾病史与中国人群前列腺癌发病关系的Meta分析

目的:探讨前列腺炎与前列腺增生与中国人群前列腺癌发病的关系.方法:检索Pubmed、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、万方数据库从建库到2015年1月31日的文献,对所纳入的独立研究,运用Stata12进行Meta分析.结果:共纳入前列腺炎研究6篇,均为病例对照研究,累计样本量为1 389,其中病例组566例,对照组823例;前列腺增生文献5篇,累计样本量为929,其中病例组428例,对照组501例.Meta分析结果表明,前列腺炎与前列腺癌研究的6篇文献异质性较小,选用固定效应模型,合并相对危险度OR及95％CI值为4.55(3.40,6.11).前列腺增生与前列腺癌研究的5篇文献异质性较大选用随机效应模型,合并OR值及95％CI为3.50(2.19,5.59).结论:前列腺炎、前列腺增生是前列腺癌发生的危险因素.     

中国3～6岁儿童肥胖危险因素病例-对照研究的Meta分析

目的 探究中国3～6岁儿童的肥胖危险因素。方法 检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、Web of science、Embase、The Cochrane library数据库,以学龄前儿童、肥胖、危险/影响因素、病例-对照研究和preschooler、obesity、risk factors/influence factors case-control study、China/Chinese为中、英文主题词,语种限定为中文和英文,收集2000年1月1日至2021年6月30日公开发表的关于中国3～6岁儿童肥胖危险因素病例-对照研究的文献。采用Stata 14.0软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析,并进行异质性检验、Meta回归、敏感性分析与发表偏倚检验。结果 纳入12篇文献,共11 770人,病例组4092人,对照组7678人。Meta分析结果显示：出生体重≥4000 g,OR=2.176,95%CI 1.507～3.143;食欲旺盛OR=3.860,95%CI 2.991～4.980;进食速度快OR=2.836,95%CI 2.552～3.152;母亲超重肥胖OR=1.903,...     

饮酒与肺癌发病关联的Meta分析

目的探讨饮酒与肺癌的关系。方法全面检索相关文献,应用Meta分析方法对各研究进行数据合并与分析。结果纳入合并分析的文章共21篇,其中队列研究6篇,随访人数累计122288例,病例3053例;病例对照研究15篇,累计病例8838例,对照21591例。Meta分析饮酒与肺癌合并OR值为1.17(95%CI:0.96～1.42);男、女饮酒合并OR值分别为1.67(95%CI:0.61～4.59)和0.93(95%CI:0.51～1.68);男性饮啤酒合并OR值为1.46(95%CI:1.28～1.67);饮烈酒合并OR值为1.34(95%CI:1.02～1.74);饮酒≥7次/周与肺癌呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论饮用啤酒、烈酒和经常饮酒与肺癌有统计学关联。     

WT1基因在儿童急性白血病中表达及其意义的meta分析

目的探讨WT1基因在儿童急性白血病(AL)中的表达及其意义。方法检索中国学术期刊全文数据库、维普及万方数据库,收集1994～2009年国内公开发表论文,且为WT1基因在AL中表达及意义的独立病例对照研究,并对文献进行异质性检验,以病例组及对照组比值比(OR值)为效应指标,然后应用Meta分析软件RevMan4.2.2对各研究原始数据进行统计处理,计算合并OR值及95%CI。结果最终进入系统评价的文献共有3篇病例对照研究,其中AL患儿172例,对照组44例,Meta分析结果合并OR(95%CI)为41.94(0.09～217.31),合并效应量的检验结果 Z=4.45,P<0.00001,WT1基因表达与AL类型之间无明显相关,而明显影响预后。结论 WT1基因高表达可能在AL的发生、发展中起重要作用,这对于AL的诊治具有重要参考意义。     

中国人群体重指数与食管癌发病风险的Meta分析

摘要:目的　探讨中国人群肥胖与食管癌发病风险的关系,评估BMI与食管癌发病风险的剂量反应关系。方法　系统性检索国内外公开发表的有关中国人群BMI与食管癌发病关系的中英文文献,并辅以文献追溯等方法,检索数据库包括中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed、Embase和Google Scholar,时间范围从各数据库建库至2014年9月,共检索到60篇文献。采用Meta分析方法计算肥胖与食管癌发病风险的合并OR值（95%CI）,运用最小二乘估计方法（GLST）估计BMI与食管癌发病风险的剂量反应关系。结果　最终纳入文献5篇,纳入食管癌病例7 215例。Meta分析结果表明,肥胖与中国人群食管癌发病风险呈负相关（OR＝0.56,95%CI:0.35～0.90）,并且这种负相关不受研究类型、地区、BMI获取方式和病例来源的影响。BMI与食管癌发病风险呈线性剂量反应关系,BMI每增加5 kg/m2食管癌发病风险降低（OR＝0.57,95%CI:0.54～0.60）。结论　本次Meta分析结果显示高BMI是中国人群食管癌发病的一个保护性因素。     

FASL-844T/C多态性与宫颈癌易感性的Meta分析

目的:探讨FASL-844T/C多态性与宫颈癌易感性的关系。方法:全面检索相关文献,收集2012年1月以前有关FASL-844T/C多态性与宫颈癌易感性的病例对照研究,使用Stata 10.0进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入病例对照研究6项,累计病例2 158例,对照1 471例。在显性模型、隐性模型、加性模型中,Meta分析的OR值及95%CI分别为1.13(0.92～1.39)、1.11(0.83～1.50)、1.12(0.91～1.36)。敏感性分析进一步表明该结果具有良好的稳定性。结论:FASL-844T/C多态性与宫颈癌易感性之间无显著关联。     

高出生体重与儿童单纯性肥胖关系的Meta分析

目的 探讨高出生体重与儿童单纯性肥胖的关系.方法 计算机检索1996至2012年中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP-维普)、万方-数字化期刊全文库,并辅以文献追溯的方法,收集国内公开发表的有关出生体重与儿童单纯性肥胖关系的病例对照研究相关文献.应用Rev Man 4.2.10软件进行Meta分析.结果 将10个研究结果加权合并,累计儿童单纯性肥胖病例4 486例,其中高出生体重799例,占17.8％;累计对照7 740例,其中高出生体重706例,占9.1％;合并OR=1.99(95％ CI:1.78～2.22).结论 国内研究显示高出生体重与儿童单纯性肥胖发生有显著关联.     

中国居民细胞色素P450 2E1基因多态性与食管癌易感性关系的Meta分析

[目的]探讨中国居民CYP2E1基因多态性与食管癌易感性的关系。[方法]检索中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）和PubMed,并收集相关文献进行Meta分析。以病例组和对照组CYP2E1基因型分布的比值比（OR）为效应指标,对文献进行评价筛选、异质性检验,应用Meta分析软件RevMan5对各研究原始数据进行统计。[结果]最终纳入系统评价进行Meta分析的共有8个病例对照研究,其中食管癌患者879例,对照1155例。Meta分析结果合并OR=2．07,95％CI=1．18～3．64。[结论]对目前相关研究结果的Meta分析显示中国居民CYP2E1基因多态性与食管癌易感性之间有关联,CYP2E1基因纯合子野生型C1／C1是食管癌的易感性基因。     

输精管结扎与前列腺癌的关系—Meta分析

为综合定量评价输精管结扎与前列腺癌发病危险性的关系。采用随机效应模型(D—L法),对检索到的国内外13篇有关输精管结扎与前列腺癌关系的研究文献(其中病例对照研究9篇,队列研究4篇)进行Meta分析。以相对危险度(RR)及其95％可信区间(95％CI)作为统计分析指标。结果输精管结扎与前列腺癌联系的总合并RR为1.17(95％CI 0.95～1.43)。按研究类型分层合并分析,病例对照研究和队列研究分别合并的RR为1.22(95％CI 0.94～1.59)和1.07(95％CI 0.77～1.48)。对可能影响结果的偏倚进行讨论后认为,本研究不支持输精管结扎能增加前列腺癌发病危险性的假说。     

中国居民超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒与脑卒中关系的Meta分析

目的 探讨中国居民超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒与脑卒中的关系.方法 采用RevMan 4.2.9版本软件中的Meta分析,对1999-2006年国内有关研究超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒等因素对脑卒中关系的文献进行综合分析.结果 检索到超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒与脑卒中关系的文献分别有6篇、6篇、6篇;经异质性检验后,分别采用固定效应模型、随机效应模型进行OR值的合并.超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒对脑卒中影响的合并OR值分别为1.81(95% CI:1.40～2.35)、1.22(95% CI:1.08～1.37)和1.19(95% CI:1.03～1.38),经Z检验,Z值分别为4.52、3.24、2.36,P值均小于0.05.同时绘制漏斗图,发现图形基本呈现对称的漏斗状,这说明该类研究发表偏倚较小.结论 中国居民超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒均为脑卒中的危险因素.     

月经生育因素与乳腺癌关系的Meta分析

[目的]运用Meta分析方法综合分析评价月经生育因素与中国女性乳腺癌的关系。[方法]收集国内有关乳腺癌月经生育因素的病例对照研究文献22篇,采用可信区间方差分析法计算各相关因素的ORc及95%CI。[结果]各研究因素的ORc及95%CI分别为:初潮年龄ORc=0.540(0.450～0.648)、结婚年龄1.376(0.815～2.322)、初产年龄1.558(1.253～1.937)、生育与否0.718(0.320～1.616)、生育胎数0.97(0.705～1.335)、哺乳0.391(0.253～0.605)、哺乳时间0.94(0.884～0.999)、人工流产1.844(1.442～2.358)、绝经与否1.869(1.014～3.444)、绝经年龄1.034(0.706～1.515)、行经期1.223(1.034～1.446)、月经紊乱3.217(2.278～4.542)、月经周期0.446(0.372～0.535)、口服避孕药1.400(0.977～2.006)。[讨论]初潮年龄、哺乳和哺乳时间是乳腺癌的保护因素,初产年龄、人工流产、绝经及行经期是乳腺癌的危险因素,结婚年龄、生育、生育胎数、绝经年龄、月经紊乱、月经周期和口服避孕药与乳腺癌关系尚不明确,有待进一步研究。     

Milk consumption is a risk factor for prostate cancer: meta-analysis of case-control studies

Prostate cancer has become the most common cancer among men in the United States. Although milk consumption is considered to be a risk factor in some epidemiological studies, the results are inconsistent. A meta-analysis method was conducted to estimate the combined odds ratio (OR) between milk consumption and prostate cancer from case-control studies published between 1984 and 2003 using commercial software (comprehensive meta-analysis). The combined OR was 1.68 (95% confidence interval = 1.34-2.12) in the 11 published case-control studies. The combined OR varied little by study stratification. Additionally, we evaluated the possible risk factors in milk for prostate cancer. In conclusion, we found a positive association between milk consumption and prostate cancer. The underlying mechanisms, including fat, calcium, hormones, and other factors, should be investigated further.     

Milk consumption is a risk factor for prostate cancer in Western countries: evidence from cohort studies

We have previously found a positive association between milk consumption and prostate cancer risk using meta-analysis to analyze published case-control studies. In the present study, further meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the summary relative risk (RR) between the consumption of milk and dairy products and prostate cancer from cohort studies published between 1966- 2006. We found 18 relevant articles and 13 independent studies were available for our analysis. The summary RR was 1.13 (95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.24) when comparing the highest with the lowest quantile of consumption. The summary RRs by study stratification showed a positive association. A dose-response relationship was identified when combining the studies that partitioned the consumption by quintiles. We also evaluated the effects of some limitations, such as dairy classification, prostate cancer stages and publication bias, in the present study. These findings, together with the previous study, suggest that the consumption of milk and dairy products increases the risk of prostate cancer. This is biologically plausible since milk contains considerable amounts of fat, hormones, and calcium that are associated with prostate cancer risk.     

高盐饮食及腌制食品与胃癌关系的Meta分析

[目的]探讨饮食因素中高盐饮食及腌制食品的食用与胃癌发病的关联性。[方法]以胃癌组与对照组人群对腌制食品的摄入及偏好高盐饮食的比值比（OR）为效应指标,根据一致性检验的结果,选择Meta分析的随机效应模型对OR进行合并,并进行偏倚评估。[结果]经筛选符合要求而纳入Meta分析的文献有19篇,其中成组病例一对照研究10篇,配对病例一对照研究9篇。以偶尔或不食用腌制食品和低盐饮食组为参比组,经常高盐饮食和食用腌菜、腌肉类食品者发生胃癌的危险性升高,合并OR（95％CI）分别为1．58（1．25—2．00）、1．64（1．08～2.48）、1．67（1．27—2．20）。[结论]摄入腌制食品和高盐饮食可能是胃癌的危险因素。     

我国居民饮酒与胃癌发病关系的Meta分析

[目的]探讨中国居民饮酒与胃癌发生的关系。[方法]采用Meta分析方法，对中国1991～2005年采用病例一对照方法研究饮酒与胃癌关系的27篇文献进行综合定量分析。[结果]27篇文献累计胃癌病例5346例、对照12084例，应用随机效应模型（D-L法）计算，饮酒的合并比值比（僳）为2．03，95％可信区间为1-74～2-37，失安全数为554。分层分析和敏感性分析结果与总体研究接近。患胃癌的归因危险百分比饮酒高危人群为50.74％，一般人群为17．78％。[结论]饮酒是我国居民胃癌发病的重要危险因素。     

我国前列腺疾病患者血清中cPSA、C/T和f/tPSA值检测的效能分析

目的比较前列腺癌与其他前列腺疾病之间鉴别诊断的3种指标的检测效能。方法从循证医学的角度,利用集成接收机运行曲线（SROC）法,对选入的19篇文献共计742名前列腺患者、1611名其他前列腺良性疾病患者进行研究。结果由SROC图可见,cPSA值的曲线下面积最大,C/T值次之,f/tPSA值再次。结论基于cPSA的血清学检测在中国人群前列腺癌的鉴别诊断中能发挥更加优异的作用;此外,f/tPSA值取0.10ng/ml时的检测效能要优于取0.15ng/ml时。     

Green tea and gastric cancer risk: meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between green tea consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. METHODS: Electronic search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Bio-medicine Database, which have articles published between (1966 and 2006), was conducted to select studies for this meta-analysis. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 14 epidemiologic studies, with a total number of 6123 gastric cancer cases and 134006 controls. The combined results based on all studies showed that green tea consumption was not associated with the risk of gastric cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.77-1.24]. The summary OR from all population-based case-control studies showed a minor inverse association between green tea consumption and risk of gastric cancer (OR=0.68, 95% CI=0.49-0.92), while no associations were noted from hospital-based case-control studies (OR=1.12, 95% CI=0.70-1.77) and cohort studies (OR=1.56, 95% CI=0.93-2.60). No associations were noted both in males (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.76-1.60) and females (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.64-1.51). The summary OR from seven studies suggest that the highest consumption level of green tea was more than 5 cups per day and no associations were noted (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.78-1.27). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this meta-analysis indicated that there is no clear epidemiological evidence to support the suggestion that green tea plays a role in the prevention of gastric cancer.     

上海市杨浦区居民中心型肥胖与心血管疾病危险因素及聚集性的关系

【目的】探讨上海市杨浦区居民中心型肥胖与心血管疾病危险因素及聚集性的关系,为制定心血管疾病预防控制措施和策略提供科学依据。【方法】以社区为单位,对35~75岁居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和血生化检测,对其中资料完整的11321人进行数据分析。【结果】杨浦区居民中心型肥胖率为60.50%,标化率为56.09%。不同腰围人群的收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。随着腰围的增加,高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常及心血管病危险因素聚集比例均呈上升趋势(均P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归结果显示,轻度、重度中心型肥胖组发生高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和危险因素聚集的风险是正常组的1.78(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.63~1.94)和3.36倍(OR=3.36,95%CI:3.00~3.75)、1.67(OR=1.67,95%CI:1.49~1.88)和2.67倍(OR=2.67,95%CI:2.34~3.03)、1.68(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.54~1.82)和2.20倍(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.97~2.44)、2.04(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.86~2.24)和3.62倍(OR=3.62,95%CI:3.23~4.04)。【结论】上海市杨浦区居民中心型肥胖患病率高,肥胖程度与心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集风险有关,应当及时采取控制肥胖的干预措施。     

Effect of glycemic index and glycemic load on energy intake in children

ObjectiveSeveral studies assessed the effect of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) on energy intake in children but findings are not consistent in this regard. The aim of this study is to summarize and assess the evidence for the effect of GI and GL on energy intake by conducting a meta-analysis on published randomized clinical trials.MethodOur search process was conducted in PUBMED, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The following keywords were searched in any part of published articles: “glycemic index” OR “glycaemic index” OR “glycemic load” OR “glycaemic load” OR “energy intake” AND “child” OR “children” OR “adolescent” OR “youth.”ResultsWe gathered 5099 articles. Non-clinical trial studies that did not intervene by GI or GL or those not assessing energy intake as a dependent variable and those that were conducted on patients over age 18 y were excluded. Each included study was evaluated three times and the exclusion criteria was checked. Eventually, six studies from 1999 to 2012 met the criteria (213 participants ages 4–17.5 y). There is heterogeneity in the study’s participants in the present paper. Children with type 2 diabetes, obesity, or normal-weight children were recruited in different studies. Overall effect of consuming low GI (LGI) and low GL (LGL) meals on energy intake was not significant. Subgroup analysis showed that LGI (not LGL) meals decreased subsequent energy intake, whereas heterogeneity was significant in the LGI group of studies. Although a slight asymmetry was shown by Begg’s funnel plot, the Egger’s asymmetry was not significant. We did not find any evidence of publication bias for studies assessing the effect of low GI or GL meals on energy intake.ConclusionConsuming LGI diet (not LGL) has favorable effect on reducing energy intake and obesity, subsequently.