高校医院开展社区卫生服务工作的探讨

通过学校医院社区卫生服务中心的创建,阐述了高校医院开展社区卫生服务工作的意义和作用,提出了发展社区卫生服务是我国城市卫生体系建设中的必由之路,高校医院开展社区卫生服务工作有利于满足高校师生员工日益增长的卫生服务需求,有利于服务社会为社区居民服务和促进医院事业发展、有利于提高医务人员的业务素质和服务质量的观点.     

高校医院社区卫生服务工作探讨

随着国家卫生体制的不断改革,如何加快高校医院的发展,认真做好高校的社区卫生服务工作,是目前高校医院管理者需要共同探讨的问题。本文从高校医院的职能及社区卫生服务工作的内容和要求等方面探讨如何加强高校社区卫生服务工作。     

社区卫生服务中心连续质量保证机制的建立和应用

自卫生部等10部委下发《关于发展城市社区卫生服务的若干意见》以来,全国各省市开展了社区卫生服务的试点工作.实践证明,社区卫生服务是卫生体制改革中的一项重要内容,社区卫生服务工作开展的成败及质量的高低,不仅关系到城市卫生服务体系本身,而且也关系到整个卫生改革的全局.因此,在社区卫生服务发展的初期应建立社区卫生服务中心连续质量保证机制,以确保社区卫生服务工作的质量,保证社区卫生服务工作的信誉,取得社区居民的积极参与和支持,有利于推动社区卫生服务的持续发展.     

高校医院开展社区卫生服务的可行性分析

多年来,高校医院在健康教育、公共卫生、疾病控制方面积累了丰富的经验,在整体医疗体系中起到基础作用,是我国医疗服务体系中必不可少的环节。随着医疗体制改革的深入,大学生即将全部纳入城镇居民医疗保险体系,高校医院积极发展社区卫生服务将成为一种必然趋势。社区卫生服务是我国城市卫生服务体系的基础,为高校医疗机构的生存和发展提供了机遇。1高校医院开展社区卫生服务的必然性1.1高校医院的发展后劲已明显不足实行医改后,     

卫生防疫机构开展社区卫生服务工作初探

卫生防疫机构开展社区卫生服务工作,使广大的卫生防疫工作者步入社区和家庭,展开一系列的卫生服务工作,是当前卫生防疫机构认真贯彻预防为主,实行防治结合的一个新的尝试。一、背景情况根据中共中央、国务院“关于卫生改革与发展的决定”中指出的：改革城市卫生服务体系,积极发展社区卫生服务,逐步形成功能合理、方便群众的卫生服务网络。基层卫生机构要以社区、家庭为服务对象,开展疾病预防、常见病与多发病的诊治等工作的一系列指示精神,结合我市的区域卫生服务实际情况,选择了离医院和卫生防疫站较远的居民区,开展社区卫生服务…     

谈高校医院与社区卫生服务

20 0 0年国家对于全国城镇职工基本医疗保险制度的改革全面铺开 ,《中共中央国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定》做出了重要决策 :改革城市卫生服务体系 ,积极发展社区卫生服务 ,逐步形成功能合理、方便群众的卫生服务网络。城镇职工基本医疗保险制度的推行 ,加快了医疗机构配套改革 ,积极发展社区卫生服务已成为医疗制度改革的必然趋势。1　高校医院参与社区卫生服务的必要性和可能性长期以来 ,高校医院承担了学校教职工和学生的常见病、多发病的诊断治疗、预防接种、体格检查、体质调研、食品卫生监督、大学生健康教育等工作 ,为保证高校教…     

发展社区卫生服务,促进城市卫生服务体系改革

<正> 1996年哈尔滨市在全市开展了社区卫生服务工作,道里区从试点到全面开展,已经2年,通过实践,我们感到开展社区服务工作,卫生服务应是其中不可缺少的重要内容。特别是全国卫生工作会议之后,《中共中央、国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定》中明确指出“改革城市卫生服务体系,积极发展社区卫生服务”。我们把开展社区卫生服务作为城市卫生服务体系改革的突破口。在道里区委、区政府的领导下,从1996年起,在试点的基础上,积极开展社区卫生服务工作,这种服务是面向社区人群和家庭,主要是以区所在大型医院为依托,全科医疗保健站为基地,集临床医学,预防医学,康复     

开展高校社区卫生服务的重要意义和形式内容及具体做法

根据国家医疗保障制度改革的总体目标和要求，高校医院的工作将逐步转向高校的社区卫生服务。认真研究高校社区的特点，及时解决在高校开展社区卫生服务面临的问题，积极探索在高校开展社区卫生服务的形式和内容，自觉进行高校医院结构和职能的双重改造，对全面推进高校的社区卫生服务工作，无疑具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。     

开展社区卫生服务应避免的三个问题

改革城市卫生服务体系,积极发展社区卫生服务,已经成为卫生行政部门贯彻全国卫生工作会议精神的一项重要举措,也是一、二级医院领导及广大医务人员十分关注的热点问题。搞好城市卫生服务体系的改革,开展社区卫生服务,必须确立正确的指导思想。制定必要的政策措施已是当务之急。要使社区卫生服务工作健康有序地开展,工作之初应尽可能避免以下三个问题:     

社区卫生服务建设事关高校医院的发展

高校医院积极发展社区服务已成为高校医院发展的一种必然趋势。作者对高校医院开展社区卫生服务的组织机构、工作内容及体会进行了探讨     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.