妊娠晚期妇女甲状腺疾病特点及甲状腺自身抗体变化的研究

目的 探讨妊娠晚期妇女甲状腺疾病的患病率、患病特点和甲状腺自身抗体的变化.方法 选择664例妊娠晚期妇女为妊娠组,276例非妊娠育龄妇女作为对照组.应用固相化学发光酶免疫法测定两组妇女的血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）和抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）水平;TSH水平检测异常者加测游离甲状腺素（FT4）和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）,同时测定尿碘水平.按如下标准确定诊断：TSH＜0.3 mU/L,FT4和（或）FT3水平升高者诊断为临床甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）;TSH＜0.3 mU/L,而FT4和FT3水平正常者诊断为亚临床甲亢;TSH＞4.8 mU/L,FT4水平降低者诊断为临床甲状腺功能减退症（甲减）;TSH＞4.8 mU/L,而FT4和FT3水平正常者诊断为亚临床甲减.TPOAb＞5 kU/L为阳性.结果 （1）妊娠组妇女尿碘平均水平为201.5μg/L,对照组妇女尿碘平均水平为196.0μg/L,均为碘充足水平.两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.（2）妊娠组妇女甲状腺疾病总患病率为7.8%（52/664）,对照组妇女甲状腺疾病总患病率为6.9%（19/276）.两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.（3）两组妇女的甲状腺患病类型有明显不同,妊娠组妇女甲亢患病率为1.1%（7/664）,甲减患病率为6.8%（45/664）,妊娠组妇女甲亢患病率明显低于甲减,两者比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;对照组甲亢患病率为4.7%（13/276）,甲减患病率为2.2%（6/276）,两者比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.妊娠组与对照组妇女的甲亢或甲减患病率分别比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.（4）妊娠组非患病妇女的TSH水平显著高于对照组,分别为2.50 mU/L及1.54 mU/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;妊娠组妇女TPOAb阳性率显著低于对照组,分别为3.3%（22/664）及9.4%（26/276）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 妊娠晚期妇女甲状腺疾病的特点是甲减的患病率高,同时甲状腺自身免疫功能受到抑制.     

L-T_4治疗妊娠合并甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体阴性的亚临床甲状腺功能减退症的临床观察

目的:观察左旋甲状腺激素(L-T_4)治疗甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPOAb)阴性的妊娠合并亚临床甲状腺功能减退症(SCH)对妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾分析2018年1月至2019年1月在广东省妇幼保健院行妊娠早期甲状腺激素筛查且有妊娠结局记录的867例孕产妇的临床资料。867例孕产妇中,甲状腺功能正常(N)+TPOAb(-)者584例(对照组),SCH+TPOAb(-)者283例,其中112例未接受左旋甲状腺治疗(观察组),171例接受左旋甲状腺素治疗(治疗组)。比较3组孕妇的妊娠结局及产科并发症情况。结果:观察组孕妇的流产率、妊娠期糖尿病发生率、早产率、出生低体质量儿发生率高于对照组、治疗组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组中3.4%最终发展为临床甲减。结论:妊娠早期合并SCH患者,TPOAb阴性者亦应及时给予L-T_4治疗;L-T_4治疗能有效改善妊娠合并TPOAb阴性的L-T_4患者不良妊娠结局。     

甲状腺自身抗体对甲状腺功能正常女性生殖与妊娠的影响

自身免疫性甲状腺疾病出现甲状腺自身抗体异常并导致甲状腺功能紊乱,可引起女性不孕、自然流产、早产、死胎、子痫前期、低出生体重儿和胎儿智力发育缺陷等生殖与不良妊娠结局.但甲状腺自身抗体对甲状腺功能正常的育龄妇女的生殖与妊娠有无影响尚有一定的争议,大多数研究认为有影响.其发病机制尚不清楚.对甲状腺自身抗体阳性而甲状腺功能正常的妇女应用静脉注射免疫球蛋白,泼尼松和阿司匹林联合治疗,左旋甲状腺素或在应用左旋甲状腺素基础上加硒治疗等治疗方案可提高妊娠率,降低流产、早产和死胎等不良妊娠风险.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症或亚临床甲状腺功能减退症77例临床分析

目的 探讨甲状腺功能减退症(简称甲减)及亚临床甲减对孕产妇妊娠结局及围产儿的影响.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年3月在北京协和医院妊娠合并甲减(57例)或亚临床甲减(20例)分娩孕妇77例,随机选取同期分娩的正常孕妇79例作为对照,分析三组孕妇的一般临床资料、产时产后并发症及嗣产儿结局.结果 3年间我院妊娠合并甲减的患病率为0.74%,合并亚临床甲减的患病率为0.26%,凡呈逐年升高趋势.妊娠合并甲减组新生儿平均出生体重低于对照组[(3191.8±659.4)g和(3301.9±423.1)g,P<0.05],妊娠期糖代谢异常发生率(24.6%)及小于胎龄儿的发生率(12.3%)均高于对照组(分别为11.4 %和2.5%)(P<0.05).妊娠合并亚临床甲减组各项妊娠期并发症的发生率与对照组比较,均无统计学意义.结论 妊娠合并甲减及亚临床甲减的患病率逐年上升,即使经过治疗,甲减或亚临床甲减孕妇小于胎龄儿等并发症的发生几率仍增加.对高危人群早期筛查、充分治疗是改善妊娠结局的最好方法.     

甲状腺自身抗体与复发性流产相关性的研究

目的:探讨甲状腺自身抗体(ATA)与复发性流产的相关性。方法:收集2013年8月—2014年4月于我院产科进行孕前检查,并符合入组条件的非妊娠期妇女,其中有复发性流产病史妇女92例,夫妻双方染色体检查未见异常,凝血功能相关检查无异常,为研究组;无复发性流产病史妇女226例,为对照组。检测2组对象甲状腺球蛋白抗体(Tg Ab)和甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)的阳性率,Tg Ab(+)和(或)TPOAb(+)为ATA阳性。结果:1研究组中,年龄≥35岁及<35岁者的ATA阳性率分别为39.29%(11/28)和26.56%(17/64),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在对照组中则分别为25.00%(10/40)和18.28%(34/186),差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05),说明ATA在不同年龄阶段的状况相近。2研究组ATA阳性率为30.43%(28/92),高于对照组的19.47%(44/226),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组TPOAb阳性率为30.43%(28/92),高于对照组的11.95%(27/226),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组Tg Ab阳性率为7.61%(7/92),与对照组的7.52%(17/226)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ATA与复发性流产有关,尤其与TPOAb关系密切。     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症42例妊娠结局分析

目的探讨妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症患者经过治疗后妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析42例妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退患者的临床资料,并分析其妊娠结局;终止妊娠前了解外周血促甲状腺素TSH水平,以TSH〈3.0uIU/ml作为治疗目标值并比较其妊娠结局。结果经过治疗后甲状腺功能减退孕妇的剖宫产率,产后出血率,新生儿窒息率与同期相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但甲状腺功能减退组孕妇的糖代谢异常风险（OR=4.000,95%CI0.779～20.531）、胎膜早破（OR=2.969,95%CI0.849～10.375）、羊水胎粪污染风险增加（OR=2.969,95%CI0.849～10.375）;以TSH〈3.0uIU/ml做为治疗目标值比较,两组妊娠结局差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论对于妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退患者及时给予足量甲状腺素补充治疗,可有效地降低不良妊娠结局。晚孕期甲状腺素替代治疗,TSH目标值有待于临床扩大样本量后进一步探讨。     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症或亚临床甲状腺功能减退症77例临床分析

Objective To investigate the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods From Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2008, clinical records of 77 women with hypothyroidism (n=57) or subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 20) during pregnancy who delivered at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed. The basic information, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of the patients were compared with 79 healthy women who delivered during the same period. Results The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism during the study period was 0.74% ,and that of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.26%. The mean neonatal birth weight of women with hypothyroidism was lower than that of the control [(3191.8±659.47 g) vs (3301.9±423. 1 g), P<0.05], the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism was higher (24.6% vs 11.4% ,P<0.05), and small for gestational age infants were more common than in the control group (12. 3% vs 2. 5%, P<0. 05). The maternal and fetal outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy showed no difference compared with the control. Conclusions Early screening for the high risk women and appropriate management are important to improve the neonatal and fetal outcomes of women with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症或亚临床甲状腺功能减退症77例临床分析

Objective To investigate the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods From Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2008, clinical records of 77 women with hypothyroidism (n=57) or subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 20) during pregnancy who delivered at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed. The basic information, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of the patients were compared with 79 healthy women who delivered during the same period. Results The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism during the study period was 0.74% ,and that of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.26%. The mean neonatal birth weight of women with hypothyroidism was lower than that of the control [(3191.8±659.47 g) vs (3301.9±423. 1 g), P<0.05], the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism was higher (24.6% vs 11.4% ,P<0.05), and small for gestational age infants were more common than in the control group (12. 3% vs 2. 5%, P<0. 05). The maternal and fetal outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy showed no difference compared with the control. Conclusions Early screening for the high risk women and appropriate management are important to improve the neonatal and fetal outcomes of women with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症或亚临床甲状腺功能减退症77例临床分析

Objective To investigate the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods From Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2008, clinical records of 77 women with hypothyroidism (n=57) or subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 20) during pregnancy who delivered at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed. The basic information, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of the patients were compared with 79 healthy women who delivered during the same period. Results The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism during the study period was 0.74% ,and that of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.26%. The mean neonatal birth weight of women with hypothyroidism was lower than that of the control [(3191.8±659.47 g) vs (3301.9±423. 1 g), P<0.05], the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism was higher (24.6% vs 11.4% ,P<0.05), and small for gestational age infants were more common than in the control group (12. 3% vs 2. 5%, P<0. 05). The maternal and fetal outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy showed no difference compared with the control. Conclusions Early screening for the high risk women and appropriate management are important to improve the neonatal and fetal outcomes of women with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症或亚临床甲状腺功能减退症77例临床分析

Objective To investigate the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods From Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2008, clinical records of 77 women with hypothyroidism (n=57) or subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 20) during pregnancy who delivered at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed. The basic information, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of the patients were compared with 79 healthy women who delivered during the same period. Results The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism during the study period was 0.74% ,and that of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.26%. The mean neonatal birth weight of women with hypothyroidism was lower than that of the control [(3191.8±659.47 g) vs (3301.9±423. 1 g), P<0.05], the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism was higher (24.6% vs 11.4% ,P<0.05), and small for gestational age infants were more common than in the control group (12. 3% vs 2. 5%, P<0. 05). The maternal and fetal outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy showed no difference compared with the control. Conclusions Early screening for the high risk women and appropriate management are important to improve the neonatal and fetal outcomes of women with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能低减患者的临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并甲状腺功能低减(甲减)患者的围产期发病率、药物治疗剂量及母婴结局.方法 收集我院1995年1月-2006年5月收治的31例妊娠合并甲减患者的临床资料,31例患者均在产科高危门诊定期保健,每1.0～1.5个月监测1次甲状腺功能,并与内分泌科合作调整患者的左旋甲状腺素剂量.对患者的围产期保健、药物治疗量及母婴结局进行回顾性分析.结果 (1)发病率:我院近11年来妊娠合并甲减的发病率为1.27‰(31/24 327)[0.19‰(1/5251)～2.32‰(15/6456)].(2)左旋甲状腺素用量:左旋甲状腺素的平均剂量孕前、孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期、产后分别为(33±35)、(51±36)、(68±42)、(76±42)、(38±34)μg/d,孕早期及产后与孕前比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);孕中期及孕晚期与孕前比较,左旋甲状腺素应用量明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),整个孕期的左旋甲状腺素平均用量比孕前增加约35%.(3)妊娠结局:31例患者中有5例妊娠期糖代谢异常,发生率为16%(5/31);1例胎儿六指畸形,1例新生儿窒息(Apgar评分1分钟7分,5分钟10分);31例患者中无一例围产儿死亡,无新生儿先天性甲减.结论 妊娠合并甲减发病率逐年升高.孕期需及时增加左旋甲状腺素用量,对改善妊娠合并甲减患者的妊娠结局具有良好的治疗作用.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症孕妇的新生儿脐血甲状腺功能筛查的意义

目的 研究妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症(甲减)者新生儿脐静脉血甲状腺功能检测的临床意义及其影响因素.方法 对67例在北京协和医院产科分娩的妊娠合并甲减行脐血甲状腺功能检查者进行回顾性分析.比较脐血与新生儿生后5～7 d静脉血的甲状腺功能及甲状腺自身抗体(抗-TGAb/抗-TPOAb)结果;分析甲状腺自身抗体水平在母血、脐血和新生儿生后5～7 d静脉血之间的相关性;并进一步分析脐血促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)的影响因素.TSH结果以中位数(第25～75百分位)表示.结果 (1)母亲患甲减时,新生儿脐血中TSH升高的比例为9.0%(6/67).(2)脐血TSH水平与新生儿生后5～7 d静脉血TSH水平无相关性.阴道分娩组脐血TSH显著高于剖宫产组[10.20 mU/L(6.10～12.80 mU/L)和5.86 mU/L(4.02～7.74 mU/L),P=0.001],胎儿窘迫或早产者脐血TSH分别高于无胎儿窘迫或足月产者[胎儿窘迫:10.36 mU/L(6.61～13.37 mU/L)和6.89 mU/L(4.18～9.70 mU/L),P=0.046;早产:8.90 mU/L(7.60～10.33 mU/L)和6.84 mU/L(4.17～9.80 mU/L),P=0.049].(3)脐血抗-TGAb和抗-TPOAb水平与新生儿5～7 d静脉血水平分别呈正相关(r分别=0.960和0.975,P均=0.000).母血抗-TGAb和抗-TPOAb水平对脐血的抗体结果有显著影响(P=0.003和0.000),但与新生儿TSH水平无关(P>0.05).结论 脐血TSH受多种分娩因素的影响,使其预测新生儿先天性甲减的意义受到影响.但母亲甲减时其新生儿脐血TSH水平升高和抗-TGAb及抗-TPOAb阳性的风险明显增加,成为其发生甲减的危险因素,因此,对这些新生儿需要进一步随访.     

Endometriosis-related spontaneous hemoperitoneum in the early second trimester: A case report

ObjectiveTo present a rare case of endometriosis-related spontaneous hemoperitoneum in pregnancy (SHiP) with atypical subacute symptoms, which is likely to be mistaken as an infectious disease initially.Case reportA 35-year-old primigravid woman presented with diffuse lower abdominal pain and signs of peritoneal irritation for five days at 18 weeks’ gestation, and the initial diagnosis was acute peritonitis. An abrupt deterioration with maternal shock and stillbirth of fetus was found in spite of close observation in emergent department. Emergent laparotomy was performed for delay-appeared hemoperitoneum. Bleeding from decidualized endometriotic tissue over posterior uterine surface was found, and hemostasis was achieved with uterine preservation. The patient recovered smoothly.ConclusionSHiP is a serious obstetric complication of endometriosis with diagnostic difficulty. Its initial presentation may mimic infectious disease, so close monitoring for possible abrupt deterioration is crucial. Early detection and timely management are the key to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes.     

早孕期甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体阳性对甲状腺功能的影响

目的：探讨妊娠8~12周甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)阳性对甲状腺功能的影响。方法：对2010年9月至2011年6月北京友谊医院产科门诊行产前检查的611例无甲状腺疾病高危因素的健康初产妇,于妊娠8~12周进行甲状腺功能[促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)]和TPOAb的检测,通过制定早孕期甲状腺功能正常参考区间,分析TPOAb阳性切割值、阳性率及对TSH、FT4的影响。结果：(1)妊娠8~12周TPOAb中位数值及变化范围为38.9(6.4~>1300)mU/L。(2)通过建立妊娠8~12周人群特异参考标准,以第90百分位计算TPOAb阳性切割值为206.77 mU/L,TPOAb阳性率为10.8%(66/611)。(3)回归分析显示：TPOAb滴度与TSH呈正相关,与FT4呈负相关,P值均为0.000。妊娠8~12周TPOAb阳性妇女TSH中位数值较TPOAb阴性者升高0.4 mU/L,前者TSH异常升高的风险是后者的4.4倍。结论：妊娠8~12周TPOAb阳性率为10.8%,通过建立妊娠期人群特异甲状腺功能参考标准和TPOAb阳性切割值,可避免过高估计TPOAb的阳性率。TPOAb阳性孕妇发生TSH异常升高的风险明显增加。     

妊娠20周前甲状腺功能参考范围和甲状腺功能异常患病率

目的 分析健康初产妇妊娠20周前甲状腺功能的变化,建立妊娠20周前孕周特异的甲状腺功能参考范围,探讨妊娠期甲状腺功能异常的患病情况. 方法 对2010年9月至2011年6月期间在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院产科门诊行产前检查的1605例单胎健康初产妇和200例同期行妊娠前检查的健康非妊娠妇女进行研究,其中1243例排除甲状腺疾病高危因素的初产妇作为制定正常参考范围的“标准人群”.采用化学发光免疫法检测促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)、游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4)及甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPOAb).分析妊娠20周前甲状腺功能的变化特点,建立妊娠期特异的TSH和FT4参考范围,探讨妊娠期甲状腺功能异常的患病情况. 结果 (1)TSH中位数值于妊娠8周最低(0.91 mU/L),较非妊娠期下降29.56％,妊娠12周后逐渐升高;FT4中位数值在妊娠9周最高,为11.33 pmol/L,较非妊娠妇女升高7.79％,妊娠12周后逐渐下降.(2)非妊娠期、妊娠8～12周、13～16周、17～19+6周TSH[中位数(第2.5,第97.5百分位)]分别为1.59 (0.15,5.91)、1.12(0.03,3.67)、1.21(0.05,3.74)、1.50(0.31,4.33) mU/L;FT4[中位数(第2.5,第97.5百分位)]分别为9.91(6.69,14.03)、10.68(7.98,18.66)、10.04(6.18,16.22)、9.40(6.44,13.51) pmol/L.(3)妊娠20周前1605例妊娠妇女甲状腺功能异常(包括甲状腺功能亢进、临床甲状腺功能减低、亚临床甲状腺功能减低和低T4血症)的总患病率为3.55％ (57/1605),其中妊娠8～12+6、13～16+6、17～19+6周甲状腺功能亢进的患病率分别为0.00％(0/611)、0.13％(1/761)、0.00％(0/233);临床甲状腺功能减低的患病率分别为0.00％(0/611)、0.13％(1/761)、0.00％(0/233);亚临床甲状腺功能减低的患病率分别为3.60％(22/611)、2.76％ (21/761)、3.00％ (7/233);低T4血症的患病率分别为0.16％ (1/611)、0.26％(2/761)、0.86％(2/233).TPOAb总阳性率为18.82％ (302/1605),其中妊娠8～12+6、13～16+、17～20周TPOAb的阳性率分别为22.91％ (140/611)、16.56％ (126/761)、15.45％ (36/233),TPOAb中位数值分别为38.90、41.87、39.10 mU/L. 结论 妊娠20周前孕妇甲状腺功能发生特定变化,妊娠8～12+6周TSH水平下降,后逐渐升高;而FT4水平在妊娠8～12+6周升高,后逐渐下降.妊娠期无甲状腺疾病史的妇女中,甲状腺功能异常并不少见.以孕周特异的甲状腺功能参考范围为标准,妊娠20周前甲状腺功能异常中以亚临床甲状腺功能减低最常见,建议妊娠早期筛查甲状腺功能.     

多胎妊娠孕中期减至双胎与初始双胎妊娠的妊娠结局比较

目的 探讨多胎妊娠孕妇孕中期行减胎术减至双胎后与初始双胎孕妇的妊娠结局比较.方法 选择2007年8月至2010年9月在山东大学附属省立医院妇产科门诊或住院、多胎妊娠孕妇567例,其中双胎妊娠孕妇478例为非减胎组;妊娠12周以后在本院实施孕中期减胎术(在超声引导下经腹的胎心内氯化钾注射法),由初始多胎减至双胎的孕妇89例为减胎组.减胎组孕妇中,初始三胎70例,初始四胎13例,初始五胎及以上6例.观察两组孕妇年龄、分娩孕周、妊娠并发症、新生儿出生体质量及新生儿结局.结果 (1)两组孕妇年龄及分娩孕周:非减胎组与减胎组孕妇平均年龄分别为(29.7±4.5)和(29.9±5.0)岁,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.755).非减胎组与减胎组孕妇平均分娩孕周分别为(35.3±3.9)和(34.4±6.3)周,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).分娩孕周＜28周者(即流产)在非减胎组发生率为6.3％( 30/478),在减胎组为15.7％( 14/89),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002).(2)两组妊娠并发症:子痫前期发生率在非减胎组及减胎组分别为8.2％ (39/478)和12.4％(11/89),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.199);妊娠期糖尿病发生率在非减胎组及减胎组分别为1.7％(8/478)和3.4％( 3/89),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P =0.287).(3)两组新生儿情况:①非减胎组两个胎儿出生体质量差值＞400g的发生率为28.9％(138/478),减胎组为27.0％ (24/89),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.715).非减胎组两个胎儿出生体质量差值＞100g的发生率为75.1％(359/478),减胎组为75.3％(67/89),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P =0.972).②非减胎组新生儿平均出生体质量为(2700 ±468)g,明显高于减胎组的(2352 ±602)g,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).非减胎组＞孕36周+1 分娩的新生儿平均出生体质量为(2809 ±424)g,减胎组为(2707±506)g,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).③减胎组及非减胎组＞28孕周分娩新生儿的死亡率分别为1.3％( 1/78)和2.2％( 10/448);减胎组及非减胎组新生儿患病率分别为3.8％ (3/78)和4.0％ (18/448),两组＞28孕周分娩的新生儿死亡率及患病率分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P =0.588、0.943).结论 多胎妊娠减胎至双胎的妊娠结局较初始双胎者差,其流产率较高;多胎妊娠减胎后分娩孕周受初始胎儿数的影响,新生儿出生体重质量低于初始双胎.