Immunohistochemical typing of non-small cell lung cancer on cryostat sections: correlation with clinical parameters and prognosis

AIMS: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of a panel of biologically relevant markers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using fresh frozen specimens and to test their prognostic relevance for identification of patients at risk. METHODS: Seventy nine tumour infiltrated lung cancer specimens and 66 adjacent histologically tumour free tissues were analysed; 11 postmortem specimens from patients who did not suffer from a malignant disease served as a control group. Cryostat sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-erbB-2, c-erbB-3, CD82, Ki-67, p120, p53, bcl-2, and CD31. RESULTS: At least one of the tested markers was raised above the defined cut off point in 75 of the tumours. In 55, three to six factors were increased. EGFR was raised in 32, c-erbB-2 in 29, c-erbB-3 in 46, p53 in 29, bcl-2 in 26, Ki-67 in 36, p120 in 46, and CD31 in 29. None of the tested parameters was significant in univariate survival analysis. In a second step, three variables were combined (c-erbB3, p53, and microvessel density), and cases with increased expression of two or three parameters proved to have a significantly lower survival probability than those expressing none or only one factor. In the tumour free group only 10 showed raised marker expression. CONCLUSION: Characterisation of tumour cells in surgical specimens with immunohistological markers could help identify those patients at risk for early cancer death who could possibly profit from adjuvant treatment after curative tumour resection.     

p120ctn在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨p120ctn在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及与各临床病理因素和预后的关系.方法应用p120ctn单克隆抗体,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测143例非小细胞肺癌p120ctn表达情况,其中36例同时应用Western blot方法对其蛋白表达和亚型情况进行了观察.结果免疫组织化学正常支气管黏膜细胞p120ctn表达为细胞膜强阳性,而在非小细胞肺癌中绝大多数表现为膜表达减弱或出现胞质内异位表达,其异常表达率为79.7%(114/143).异常表达与组织学类型无关(P>0.05),但与肿瘤分化程度、TNM分期和淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05),与非小细胞肺癌患者不良预后正相关.胞质的异位表达更容易出现在胞膜表达减弱的病例中,鳞癌中胞质异位表达高于腺癌.Western blot正常组织中p120ctn总蛋白量明显高于非小细胞肺癌,二者差异有统计学意义(P＝0.003).正常肺组织p120ctn以亚型1(相对分子质量120 000)和亚型3(相对分子质量100 000)表达为主,而肿瘤组织中则以亚型1表达缺失或减弱为主.结论 p120ctn在非小细胞肺癌组织有异常表达,可作为评估预后的辅助指标.     

粒细胞集落刺激因子在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其临床病理意义

目的 观察粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达并探讨其临床病理意义.方法 收集解放军总医院2001 - 2010年伴有大量粒细胞浸润的NSCLC 53例,同时选用无粒细胞浸润的NSCLC 61例作对照,共114例.观察癌组织中粒细胞浸润情况,同时用免疫组织化学(EnVision法)检测癌组织中G-CSF的表达情况.对G-CSF表达情况及其与NSCLC临床病理特征的关系进行统计学分析,并随访全部患者,分析G-CSF表达对预后的影响.结果 114例NSCLC中55例癌细胞表达G-CSF.其中大细胞癌41例(41/54,75.9％),腺癌9例(9/30,30.0％),鳞状细胞癌5例(5/30,16.7％).G-CSF表达与癌组织中粒细胞浸润、组织学类型、坏死、肿瘤分级、局部淋巴结转移和远处转移、复发密切相关(P＜0.01),而与原发肿瘤大小无密切关联(P＞0.05);表达阳性者发生坏死、淋巴结转移、远处转移复发的相对危险度分别是阴性者的5.57、6.28和5.24倍(P＜0.05).阳性者与阴性者中位生存期分别为42和62个月,5年生存率分别为0和12.1％,生存期间的差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 部分NSCLC能产生G-CSF,且以大细胞癌最常见.产生G-CSF的NSCLC组织分化差,异型性明显,恶性度高;易发生广泛坏死,常伴有粒细胞浸润;易发生淋巴结转移、远处转移和复发;生存率低,预后差.     

Surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with isolated synchronous brain metastases

This study is a retrospective examination of our experiences with patients who underwent treatment of isolated synchronous brain metastases coupled with primary non-small cell lung cancer. From January 1995 to June 2004, 12 patients presented with isolated synchronous brain metastases coupled with primary non-small cell lung cancer. The patient was comprised of 8 men and 4 women. The median age was 52 yr, in a range of 32 to 75 yr. Median follow-up duration was 10.6 months, in a range of 2 to 55.8 months. Recurrence developed in 7 patients, and the median interval from 1st treatment to recurrence was 4.5 months (2.8-6.5 months). The overall 1-yr survival rate was 61.7%. The 1-yr survival rates for pathologic N0 and N1 cases were 75% and 66.7%, respectively. The median survival duration for pathologic N2 was 6.2 months (95% CI, 4.8-7.5 months). The 1-yr survival rate for cases of single brain metastasis was 75%. Based on our current observations, we could speculate that aggressive management of primary non-small cell lung cancer and isolated synchronous brain metastases was beneficial in a selected group of patients, as long as the brain lesions and pulmonary lesions were limited or resectable.     

Preoperative concurrent radiochemotherapy and surgery for stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer

This is to examine whether aggressive multimodality therapy improves the treatment outcomes in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fifty-three consecutive NSCLC patients with N2 disease, confirmed by mediastinoscopic biopsy, received preoperative thoracic radiation therapy (45 Gy/5 weeks) concurrent with two cycles of oral etoposide and intravenous cisplatin and surgery. Postoperative radiation therapy (PORT, 18 Gy/2 weeks) was optionally recommended for those with the risk factors of loco-regional recurrence based on the surgical and pathological findings. Surgical resection was performed in 38 patients (71.7%), and down-staging was achieved in 19 patients (50%). The median survival period was 27 months in 38 patients who underwent resection, and the rates at 3-yr of overall survival, loco-regional control, distant metastasis-free survival, and disease-free survival were 44.3%, 87.9%, 32.9%, and 29.3%. Significantly favorable factor regarding overall survival was achieving p0/I stage by the multivariate analysis. PORT was successful in reducing locoregional recurrences in patients with the risk factors. Current preoperative concurrent radiochemotherapy and surgery by the authors resulted in comparable survival with other reports, however, further refinement of multimodality approach may be warranted for more effective reduction of distant metastasis.     

非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体基因突变检测及其与临床病理特征的相关性

目的探讨中国非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变特点及与临床病理特征的相关性。方法采用优化寡核苷酸探针聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测309例甲醛固定、石蜡包埋NSCLC组织中EGFR基因第18 ～21号外显子突变情况,分析EGFR突变与临床病理特征的关系。结果受检309例NSCLC样本中,E...     

表皮生长因子受体基因突变与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征及预后的关系

目的检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因第19和21号外显子突变情况并探讨其与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术对282例NSCLC患者手术标本的石蜡包埋癌组织EGFR基因第19和21号外显子片段进行扩增并测序,分析EGFR突变与临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果282例NSCLC组织中120例(42.6％)存在EGFR基因突变,包括第19号外显子突变61例,第21号外显子突变66例,其中7例第19和21号外显子同时存在突变。女性EGFR突变率(55.2％,53/96)高于男性的(36.0％,67/186),年龄51～60岁患者EGFR突变率(51.3％,39/76)高于≤50岁者(30.4％,21/69)和＞60岁者(43.8％,60/137),非吸烟者的EGFR突变率(54.3％,69/127)高于吸烟者的(32.9％,51/155),EGFR突变与吸烟呈负相关（P =0.000,rs=-0.216）;腺癌（47.8％,64/134）、细支气管肺泡癌(73.0％,27/37)、腺鳞癌(7/9)中EGFR突变率均明显高于鳞癌(23.6％,17/72)、其他类型(16.7％,5/30)中的突变率,分化程度中高、中、低、未分化的EGFR突变率分别为55.7％ (68/122)、50.8％( 30/59)、22.7％( 17/75)、19.2％ (5/26),随着分化程度的降低而降低,EGFR突变与肺癌组织分化程度呈正相关(P =0.000,rs=0.296);EGFR基因突变型的患者生存期明显较野生型的长(P =0.027),EGFR突变与临床TNM分期不相关。结论EGFR基因突变在女性患者、年龄51 ～60岁患者、非吸烟者及腺癌、细支气管肺泡癌、腺鳞癌中多见,EGFR突变与肺癌组织分化程度呈正相关,存在基因突变的患者预后较好,有利于患者靶向治疗的临床筛选。     

非小细胞肺癌中Axin与β-连环素异常表达的关系

目的 探讨Axin（axis inhibition protein）和β-连环素（β-catenin）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达、β-catenin突变及它们与各临床病理因素的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学（SP法）和直接测序方法对100例NSCLC标本中Axin和β-catenin的表达和β-catenin基因突变进行了检测。结果 β-catenin的细胞膜表达降低率为80．0％,细胞核表达率为26．0％。高、中分化和低分化NSCLC中,β-catenin的表达降低率分别为70．0％（35／50）和90．0％（45／50）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．012）。有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移NSCLC中β-catenin表达降低率分别为87．3％（48／55）和71．1％（32／45）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．044）。Axin的阳性表达率为48．0％,高、中分化和低分化NSCLC中,Axin的阳性率分别为60．0％（30／50）和36．0％（18／50）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．016）。在β-catenin核表达阳性的病例中,Axin阳性表达率为15．4％（4／26）,低于β-catenin核表达阴性的病例（59．5％,44／74）（P〈0．001）。100例肺癌新鲜标本中未发现β-catenin基因第三外显子突变。结论 β-catenin的膜表达降低与NSCLC的低分化和淋巴结转移相关,Axin的表达与NSCLC的低分化和β-catenin的细胞核蓄积负相关。β-catenin基因第三外显子的突变可能不是NSCLC中β-catenin蛋白异常表达的主要原因。     

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in operable non-small cell lung carcinoma

This study was performed to assay the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and to investigate the relationship between EGFR status and various clinicopathologic features of NSCLC, including angiogenesis and proliferative activity. The expression of EGFR, microvessel count (MVC) measured by CD31 monoclonal antibody, and proliferative activity using Ki-67 labeling index were immunohistochemically analyzed in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 65 patients with completely resected stage II-IIIA NSCLC. Pathologic and clinical records of all patients were retrospectively reviewed. EGFR was expressed in 18 (28%) of 65 NSCLC samples. More squamous tumors (35%) were EGFR-positive than other NSCLCs (23%) (p-value 0.308). There was a statistically significant correlation between EGFR expression and Ki-67 labeling index (p-value 0.042), but no correlation was observed between EGFR expression and tumor histology, stage, or MVC. There were no differences between EGFR positive and negative tumors in 5-yr disease-free survival (60% vs. 52%, p-value 0.5566) and 5-yr overall survival (53% vs. 45%, p-value 0.3382) rates. In conclusion, our findings suggest that NSCLC proliferative activity may be dependent on EGFR expression, but that EGFR expression had no significant impact on survival in curatively resected NSCLC.     

非小细胞肺癌中窖蛋白1和pERK1/2表达与预后相关性研究

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织窖蛋白1与pERK1/2的表达及其与预后的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学(sP法)检测160例NSCLC及20例正常肺组织标本中窖蛋白1与pERK1/2的表达.结果 窖蛋白1在NSCLC和正常肺组织阳性率分别为65.6%(105/160)和100%(20120),P=0.002.中-高分化组和低分化组阳性率分别为56.8%(46/81)和75.7%(53/70),P=0.015;Ⅰ-Ⅱ期阳性率为58.2%(53/91),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期阳性率75.4%(52/69),P=0.024;有淋巴结转移组阳性率为77.8%(56/72),无淋巴结转移组阳性率为55.7%(49/88),P=0.003.窖蛋白1阳性患者1、3、5年生存率(71.4%、37.1%、17.1%)低于阴性患者(89.1%、69.1%、43.6%),P=0.000.pERK1/2在NSCLC和正常肺组织阳性率分别为61.3%和0,P=0.000;中-高分化组和低分化组阳性率分别为53.1%(43/81)和71.4%(50/70),P=0.021;Ⅰ-Ⅱ期阳性率为49.5%(45/91),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期阳性率76.8%(53/69),P=0.000;有淋巴结转移组阳性率为80.6%(58/72),无淋巴结转移组阳性率为45.5%(40/88),P=0.000.pEBK1/2阳性患者1、3、5年生存率(74.5%、42.9%、19.4%)低于阴性者(82.3%、56.5%、37.1%),P=0.002.窖蛋白1与pERK1/2负相关,P=0.000.结论 窖蛋白1在NSCLC中低表达,pEBK1/2在NSCLC中高表达.窖蛋白1蛋白阳性表达和pEBK1/2蛋白高表达与NSCLC的发生及侵袭、转移相关.窖蛋白1和pERK1/2可作为NSCLC一个预后预测的指标.     

非小细胞肺癌中Abi1的表达及其与预后的关系

目的探讨Abi1在人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中表达的临床意义及其与肺癌转移和预后的关系.方法采用RT-PCR检测41例肺癌及其对应癌旁组织Abi1 mRNA的表达;免疫组织化学检测112例人NSCLC石蜡切片中的表达,采用χ2检验检测其与临床病理学特征的关系,Log-rank检验Abi1表达与生存时间的关系,Cox模型作单因素和多因素预后分析.结果41例肺癌中Abi1 mRNA的表达较癌旁肺组织高,光密度比值分别为1.9±1.0和1.0±0.6,差异有显著性;肺癌Abi1 mRNA的过表达与肺癌的分期、血管浸润、淋巴结转移有关.免疫组织化学染色证实Abi1主要表达在癌细胞胞质,Abi1阳性表达患者生存率明显低于阴性组.结论Abi1与肺癌的侵袭转移关系密切并有可能成为新的预后指标.     

p73：人类非小细胞肺癌细胞株中的肿瘤抑制基因(英文)

目的：p73基因是与p53相类似的基因,在人类神经母细胞瘤中被假定作为肿瘤抑制基因。为了证实p73在非小细胞肺癌中是否也是肿瘤抑制基因，我们应用StyⅠ内切酶多态分析法研究了6株非小细胞肺癌细胞的等位基因表达模式。方法：利用RT-PCR检测p73基因在这6株肺癌细胞中转录水平的表达，同时用免疫组织化学方法检测5株非小细胞肺癌细胞所诱发的裸鼠种植瘤中P73蛋白的表达。结果：p73基因在这6株非小细胞肺癌中均为纯合性等位基因表达，而GC/GC基因型为主要类型。p73基因在转录水平和蛋白水平完全丧失表达。结论：根据实验结果可推测，p73在这6株非小细胞肺癌细胞中仍扮演了肿瘤抑制基因的角色。     

Immunohistochemical cathepsin-D expression in breast cancer: correlation with established pathological parameters and survival

Breast cancer is an increasingly important cause of illness and death among women. In recent years, several novel prognostic determinants of breast cancer have been identified, including Cathepsin-D (CD) protein. CD protein expression was analyzed immunohistochemically (IHC) in tumor specimens (315 patients) of infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma. These patients also had axillary lymph node sampling. Overexpression of CD was observed in 39% of the tumors. IHC results were compared with the histological grade. Seventy nine percent (n = 95; 79%) tumor positivity was seen in grade II tumors, followed by grade I (n = 13; 11%) and grade III tumors (n = 12; 10%). Axillary lymph node metastasis had no significant correlation with CD positivity (p > 0.05). Bone metastases were significantly correlated with CD positivity (p < 0.05). CD positivity showed no significant correlation with disease-free and overall survival (p > 0.05). At a median follow-up of 48 (4 years) months in CD-positive patients, overall survival was 3.17 years, and disease-free survival 2.67 years. The overall survival of CD-negative tumor patients was 3.50 years, and disease-free survival was 2.93 years. We conclude that in comparison with cytosol-based quantitative studies, CD expression is not a good prognostic marker when, as in all ICH studies, only the expression in the tumor is considered.     

Prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer with synchronous brain metastases treated with gamma knife radiosurgery

The clinical outcome and prognostic factors of patients with synchronous brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) were analyzed. A total of 35 patients with NSCLC underwent GKS as an initial treatment for metastatic brain lesions of synchronous onset. The period of survival and various prognostic factors such as age, gender, performance status, multiplicity of the brain lesions, intracranial tumor volume, and extent of the primary tumor were analyzed. The overall median survival time for this series was 12 months (range 0.75 to 43 months) from the diagnosis. Of the 21 patients who were no longer alive at the conclusion of this study, only 7 (33.3%) died of neurological causes. Multivariate analysis of these data revealed that N stage, whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), and chemotherapy were significant predictors for survival (p<0.05). Survival of patients with NSCLC and synchronous brain metastases is mainly dependent upon the progression of the systemic disease, provided that the cerebral lesions are treated adequately with local treatment modalities including radiosurgery. Application of radiosurgery as an initial treatment option and aggressive local and systemic modalities to control extracranial disease may improve survival.     

Association of nuclear localization of SHP2 and YAP1 with unfavorable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer

Src homology region 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is ubiquitously expressed in cytoplasmic localization, which in turn confers tumor malignancy and poor prognosis in various human cancers. YAP1 interacts with SHP2 to promote translocation of SHP2 to nucleus, which consequently promotes Wnt target activation. However, the oncogenic role of the nuclear localization of SHP2 in human cancers remains unclear. We hypothesized that nuclear SHP2 localization, in combination with nuclear YAP1 expression, could be associated with poor overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) due to an increase in cyclin D1 and c-Myc mRNA expression following activation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. Immunohistochemical analysis of SHP2 and YAP1 protein expression in 102 tumors resected from patients with NSCLC revealed that nuclear SHP2 expression was well correlated with nuclear YAP1 expression (P?<?0.001). Evaluation of cyclin D1 and c-Myc mRNA levels by the real-time reverse-phase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that patients with high cyclin D1 and high c-Myc mRNA expressing tumors more commonly showed high nuclear YAP1 and high nuclear SHP2 (high/high) rather than the high/low, low/high, or low/low combinations (P?<?0.001 for cyclin D1 and c-Myc). Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression models showed OS and RFS to be poorer in patients in the high/high subgroup than in the low/low subgroup (OS: HR?=?2.85, 95% CI, 1.52–5.35, P?=?0.001; RFS: HR?=?2.55, 95% CI, 1.37–4.72, P?=?0.003). No prognostic significance was observed for the other two subgroups (low/high and high/low) when compared to the low/low subgroup in this study population. Therefore, we suggest that the prognostic value of SHP2 could reflect the nuclear localization of SHP2 and its interaction with nuclear YAP1, which led to subsequent upregulation of cyclin D1 and c-Myc mRNA expression via activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.     

非小细胞肺癌中Abi1的表达及其与预后的关系

目的:探讨Abi1在人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中表达的临床意义及其与肺癌转移和预后的关系。方法:采用RT-PCR检测41例肺癌及其对应癌旁组织Abi1 mRNA的表达;免疫组织化学检测112例人NSCLC石蜡切片中的表达,采用x~2检验检测其与临床病理学特征的关系,Log-rank检验Abi1表达与生存时间的关系,Cox模型作单因素和多因素预后分析。结果:41例肺癌中Abi1 mRNA的表达较癌旁肺组织高,光密度比值分别为1.9±1.0和1.0±0.6,差异有显著性;肺癌Abi1 mRNA的过表达与肺癌的分期、血管浸润、淋巴结转移有关。免疫组织化学染色证实Abi1主要表达在癌细胞胞质,Abi1阳性表达患者生存率明显低于阴性组。结论:Abi1与肺癌的侵袭转移关系密切并有可能成为新的预后指标。     

Plasma proGRP concentration is sensitive and specific for discriminating small cell lung cancer from nonmalignant conditions or non-small cell lung cancer

To date, most clinical data on pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) have been based on serum concentrations. This study evaluated the agreement between proGRP levels in fresh serum and plasma in patients with various lung diseases. Pairs of serum and EDTA plasma were collected from 49 healthy individuals. At the same time, EDTA plasma of 118 lung cancer patients and 23 patients with benign pulmonary diseases were prospectively collected. Compared to serum, plasma proGRP concentrations were higher by an average of 103.3%. Plasma proGRP was higher in malignancy (336.4 ± 925.4 pg/mL) than in benign conditions (40.1 ± 11.5 pg/mL). Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients showed higher levels of proGRP (1,256.3 ± 1,605.6 pg/mL) compared to other types of lung cancer. Based on the ROC curve analyses at a specificity of 95%, the diagnostic sensitivity of plasma proGRP was estimated to be 83.8% in distinguishing SCLC from all the other conditions, and 86.5% for discriminating SCLC from the nonmalignant cases. Among the SCLC cases, limited stage disease had lower levels of plasma proGRP than extensive disease. When measuring circulating levels of proGRP, the use of plasma is preferred over serum. Plasma proGRP has a potential marker for discriminating SCLC from nonmalignant conditions or non-small cell lung cancer.     

Decreased SARI expression predicts poor prognosis of Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer

SARI is associated with the risk for several cancers, and loss of SARI expression is frequently found in aggressive and metastatic cancer. Limited evidence shows that SARI is a tumor suppressor gene, but the role of SARI in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been previously reported. This study was to investigate the SARI expression profile in surgically resected lung cancer tissues of Chinese patients by immunohistochemistry and evaluate the relationship between SARI expression and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Furthermore, SARI gene was transfected into lung cancer cells (A549), and the growth curve and cell healing of lung cancer cells were determined, aiming to investigate the influence of SARI on the growth and migration of lung cancer cells in vitro. Results showed that 103 of 195 (52.82%) tissues were positive for SARI. When compared with normal tissues, SARI expression significantly reduced in 50.26% of NSCLC tissues. Patients with negative or reduced SARI expression were more likely to have advanced lung cancer and lymph node metastasis. In squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma patients, the SARI expression had no relation with the survival time; However in one-on-one analysis SARI expression in tumor cells and adjacent tissues, patients which tumor cells SARI express reduced than adjacent tissues, survival time was significantly shorter than those without reduction in SARI expression (Log Rank test, p = 0.001). After transfection by SARI gene, the proliferation and migration of A549 cells were obviously inhibited (p < 0.001). These results demonstrate that decreased SARI expression may predict a poor prognosis in NSCLC patients, and SARI may serve as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.     

p21活化激酶4在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨p21活化激酶4(PAK4)在人非小细胞肺癌细胞系及人非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用Western blot及实时荧光定量PCR检测人支气管上皮(HBE)细胞、非小细胞肺癌细胞(A549、NCI-H520、NCI-H460和NCI-H596细胞)、20例新鲜非小细胞肺癌组织及相应的癌旁组织中PAK4的表达情况;采用免疫组化检测210例非小细胞肺癌组织PAK4的表达情况;采用Kaplan-Meier法评估非小细胞肺癌患者术后5年生存率;用Cox比例风险模型分析PAK4对患者预后的影响。结果:非小细胞肺癌细胞(A549、NCI-H520、NCI-H460和NCI-H596细胞)PAK4蛋白及mRNA表达均显著高于HBE细胞(P0.05);20例非小细胞肺癌组织中PAK4蛋白及mRNA表达高于癌旁组织PAK4蛋白及mRNA表达(P0.05);10例转移性非小细胞肺癌组织PAK4 mRNA表达显著高于10例原发性非小细胞肺癌组织(P0.05);免疫组化染色结果示210例非小细胞肺癌PAK4评分显著高于对应的癌旁组织。临床资料分析显示PAK4蛋白表达与非小细胞肺癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移及临床分期有关(P0.05);PAK4高表达组患者5年生存率显著低于PAK4蛋白低表达组患者(logrank检验,P0.05),PAK4蛋白表达是非小细胞肺癌患者的独立预后因素。结论:PAK4蛋白高表达是非小细胞肺癌患者死亡的独立危险因素。     

Loss of ARID1A expression is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer

Adenine-thymine-rich inactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is a large subunit of the switch-sucrose nonfermenting (SWI-SNF) complex. ARID1A is considered to be a tumor suppressor in various cancers. We investigated the clinicopathological significance including prognosis of ARID1A expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ARID1A expression was studied by tissue microarray immunohistochemical analysis of 171 surgically resected NSCLC specimens including adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on tissue microarray. Semiquantitative immunohistochemical score was obtained by multiplying the intensity and percentage scores. The overall score was further simplified by dichotomizing into either negative (score < 4) or positive (score ≥ 4) for each patient. The ARID1A-negative group revealed significantly higher correlations with male sex (p = 0.020), larger tumor size (p = 0.007), SCC than with ADC (p = 0.023) and smoking (p = 0.001). Univariate survival analysis showed that the ARID1A-negative group had a significantly shorter cancer specific survival than the ARID1A-positive group (p = 0.018). Multivariate survival analysis showed that ARID1A negativity (p = 0.022) were independent prognostic factors related with shorter cancer specific survival for NSCLC. In conclusion, Loss of ARID1A expression is a potential molecular marker to predictive of poor prognosis of NSCLC.