彩色超声与乳腺X线摄影在乳腺癌筛查中的应用对比分析

目的探讨彩色B超与乳腺X线摄影在乳腺癌筛查中的临床应用价值。方法对收治的乳腺病患者应用彩色声与乳腺X线摄影进行检查,并就这两种检查方法在发现病变及良恶性肿块鉴别方面的诊断能力进行对比研究。结果彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌患者恶性钙化灶的检出率75.00%,明显低于乳腺X线摄影85.94%,且差异具有统计学意义。但是彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌患者的血流信号检出率84.38%明显高于乳腺X线摄影29.69%,且差异具有统计学意义。彩色超声和乳腺X线摄影诊断乳腺癌的符合率分别为89.06%、85.94%,经统计学分析发现两种筛查方法的符合率比较无明显差异。两种检查方法联合筛查符合率为96.88%,经统计学分析发现两者联合检查的符合率与两种方法的单独诊断符合率比较存在明显差异,且差异具有统计学意义。结论彩色多普勒超声和X线摄影早期筛查乳腺癌各有优势,相互补充,可提高乳腺癌诊断准确率。     

乳腺X线摄影和彩色多普勒超声检查诊断早期乳腺癌的临床分析

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声检查和乳腺X线摄影在早期乳腺癌诊断中的应用效果。方法对98例乳腺肿块患者采用彩色多普勒超声和乳腺X线摄影进行检查,以病理确诊结果作为金标准,计算全数字化乳腺X线摄影对乳腺癌疾病诊断符合率,并与彩超检查的诊断符合率进行比较研究。结果全数字化乳腺X线摄影对乳腺癌的诊断准确率(90.82%,89/98)明显高于彩色多普勒超声(83.67%,82/98),且差异具有统计学意义。彩色多普勒超声检查出钙化39例,钙化检出率为45.35%(39/86);全数字化乳腺X线摄影检查出钙化68例,钙化检出率为79.07%(68/86);经统计学分析发现全数字化乳腺X线摄影对病灶内钙化的检出率明显高于彩色多普勒超声,且差异具有统计学意义。结论乳腺X线摄影诊断的操作简单安全,和彩色多普勒超声检查结合使用,效果更好。     

彩色多普勒超声联合钼靶X线摄影对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的:比较彩色多普勒超声、钼靶X线摄影及两者联合应用对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经穿刺活检或手术病理证实的43例(49个病灶)的临床及影像资料,术前均行彩色多普勒超声及钼靶X线摄影,且2种检查间隔3 d。结果:彩色多普勒超声诊断乳腺癌45个,诊断符合率91.84%;钼靶X线摄影诊断乳腺癌42个,诊断符合率85.71%;2种检查单独使用对乳腺癌的诊断符合率,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两者联合应用诊断乳腺癌47个,诊断符合率95.92%,与2种方法单独使用比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声、钼靶X线摄影及两者联合应用对乳腺癌的诊断符合率无明显差异。彩色多普勒超声在评价结节与肿块方面更具优势,钼靶X线对恶性钙化的显示更具优势,两者联合应用对乳腺癌的诊断具有一定价值。     

BI-RADS超声联合乳腺X线摄影分级诊断乳腺原位癌的临床应用价值

目的探讨BI-RADS超声联合乳腺X线摄影分级诊断乳腺原位癌的临床应用价值。方法对手术病理确诊的乳腺原位癌患者在术前均采用BI-RADS超声和乳腺X线摄影检查,比较两种检查方法单独及联合使用对乳腺原位癌的诊断检出率及诊断分级分类情况。结果 BI-RADS超声与乳腺X线摄影联合检查对乳腺原位癌的诊断符合率(96.88%)明显高于BI-RADS超声或乳腺X线摄影单独检查的检出率(87.50%、76.56%),且差异具有统计学意义。在超声分级诊断中,1级、2级、3级的误诊率分别为1.56%(1/64)、3.13%(2/64)、4.69%(3/64);在乳腺X线摄影分类诊断中,I类、II类、III类的误诊率分别为3.13%(2/64)、4.69%(3/64)、15.63%(10/64)。经统计学分析发现,在3级或Ⅲ类分级中,乳腺X线摄影检查的误诊率明显高于超声,且差异具有统计学意义。另外,超声在4级和5级诊断中敏感性分别为40.63%(26/64)、50.00%(32/64);乳腺X线摄影在IV类和V类诊断中敏感性分别为26.56%(17/64)、50.00%(32/64);经统计学分析发现,在4级或V类分级中,超声检查的敏感性明显高于乳腺X线摄影,且差异具有统计学意义。结论超声和乳腺X线摄影联合应用准确性更高,明显高于两者单独应用。     

乳腺癌X线摄影与超声对比分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌X线摄影与彩色多普勒超声影像表现,提高X线摄影和超声对乳腺癌的诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的82位乳腺癌患者的病例资料,分析比较其X线摄影和超声的影像特征。结果:超声和X线摄影对病灶的检出率分别为100.00%、96.34%;对乳腺癌的诊断符合率分别为91.47%、89.02%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两者联合对乳腺癌的诊断符合率为93.90%,与单纯超声和单纯X线摄影比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:X线摄影和超声均能较准确检出并诊断乳腺癌,在乳腺癌临床诊断中起着重要作用。     

钼靶X线、超声及MRI在乳腺癌早期诊断中的应用

目的:通过分析钼靶X线、超声及MRI对乳腺癌早期的诊断要点,探讨3种影像学检查方法在乳腺癌早期诊断中的意义。方法:收集经手术病理证实的31例乳腺癌患者资料,以病理结果为诊断标准,对比分析钼靶X线、超声及MRI对早期乳腺癌诊断准确性的差异。结果:31例乳腺癌中钼靶X线诊断符合率为83.87%(26/31),超声为87.10%(27/31),两者联合诊断为93.55%(29/31)。行MRl检查的17例中,诊断符合率为94.12(16/17),而三者联合应用的诊断符合率达96.77%(30/31)。经统计学分析,超声与钼靶X线的诊断准确率差异无统计学意义,二者联合检查与单独应用超声或钼靶X线摄影相比差异有统计学意义。结论:早期乳腺癌在钼靶X线、超声及MRI检查中均可出现不典型表现,钼靶X线、超声及MRI是目前乳腺检查的主要手段,但各有不足,合理、联合应用,能明显提高乳腺癌的早期诊断准确率。     

高频超声与X线钼靶对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的 分析比较高频超声、X线钼靶单独及两者联合应用对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值.方法 体检发现乳腺包块、怀疑乳腺肿瘤的258例患者,行高频超声、X线钼靶的单独检查和联合检查,并行手术治疗.对照分析手术病理与影像学表现.结果 258例患者,手术病理证实早期乳腺恶性肿瘤135例,良性乳腺肿瘤123例.对于诊断早期乳腺癌,联合检查的敏感性优于单独的高频超声检查或X线钼靶检查(P<0.05),准确性优于X线钼靶检查(P<0.05),特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、假阳性、假阴性等指标3组间均无显著差异(P均>0.05).对于早期乳腺癌患者,高频超声和X线钼靶相比,检出的钙化灶较少(18.3% vs 36.5%,P<0.01),能够发现更多的乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移(69.0% vs 33.3%,P<0.01).结论 高频超声与X线钼靶的单独和联合检查对于早期乳腺恶性肿瘤均为可靠的影像学诊断方法,联合应用诊断早期乳腺癌具有较高的敏感性和准确性.     

Mammography and color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast cancer:a comparative study

目的:探讨乳腺癌X线摄影与彩色多普勒超声影像表现,提高X线摄影和超声对乳腺癌的诊断水平.方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的82位乳腺癌患者的病例资料.分析比较其X线摄影和超声的影像特征.结果:超声和X线摄影对病灶的检出率分别为100.00%、96.34%;对乳腺癌的诊断符合率分别为91.47%、89.02%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两者联合对乳腺癌的诊断符合率为93.90%,与单纯超声和单纯X线摄影比较.差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:X线摄影和超声均能较准确检出并诊断乳腺癌,在乳腺癌临床诊断中起着重要作用.     

超声和钼靶X线联合诊断乳腺肿瘤

目的:探讨超声和钼靶X线摄影单独和联合诊断乳腺肿瘤的临床应用价值。材料和方法:对114例乳腺肿瘤患者(其中乳腺癌86例,乳腺良性肿瘤28例)行超声和钼靶单独和联合诊断,并与病理诊断结果对照。结果:超声对乳腺良性肿瘤诊断符合率明显高于钼靶(P<0.05),而对乳腺癌诊断符合率两者无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两者联合诊断乳腺良、恶性肿瘤符合率显著高于单独使用钼靶或超声(P<0.05)。结论:超声和钼靶检查各有其优势,选择性应用联合诊断可提高乳腺肿瘤的诊断水平。     

X线与超声检查对非特异性乳腺炎诊断价值的分析

目的 回顾分析单独与联合乳腺X线检查及彩色多普勒超声检查对非特异性乳腺炎的诊断结果,提高对非特异性乳腺炎的诊断正确率及与乳腺癌的鉴别诊断能力.方法 31例非特异性乳腺炎病例,均行穿刺活检或手术,并经病理证实.所有病例均行乳腺X线和超声检查.结果 乳腺X线检查与超声检查评估结果与病理结果的符合率分别为64.5%、67.7%;联合乳腺X线检查及超声检查的评估结果与病理结果的符合率为87.1%;两者单独检查评估结果与病理结果相比较,使用χ2检验,2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 乳腺X线检查和超声检查在非特异性乳腺炎的诊断上有各自的优势,均易于与乳腺癌混淆,联合乳腺X线和超声检查,能够提高对非特异性乳腺炎诊断正确率,提高与乳腺癌的鉴别诊断能力.     

超声与X线摄影联合应用在乳腺癌诊断中的价值

目的：评价超声、X线摄影和两者联合应用对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析我院经病理证实的81例乳腺癌患者的超声和X线摄影检查结果,并与病理结果进行对照分析。结果超声诊断乳腺癌63例,诊断准确率78％;X线摄影诊断乳腺癌65例,诊断准确率80％;两者联合诊断乳腺癌76例,诊断准确率94％,较两者单独使用诊断准确率明显提高（P＜0．05）。结论超声和X线摄影是筛查和诊断乳腺癌的首选方法,两者具有互补性,联合应用可提高乳腺癌的诊断准确率,降低误漏诊率。     

数字化乳腺摄影联合高频超声对早期乳腺癌诊断的临床应用

目的评价数字化乳腺摄影（DM）联合高频超声检查（HFUS）对早期乳腺癌（直径小于2cm）的诊断价值。方法42例经手术病理证实的早期乳腺癌的女性患者均经DM和HFUS诊断。结果与病理对照,DM对早期乳腺癌的诊断准确率为83．3％（35／42）,HFUS为73．8％（31／42）,二者联合为90．5％（38,42）。DM对早期乳腺癌的诊断准确率略高于HFUS,但不是统计学上的差异（P〉0．05）。DM对探测病灶内微小钙化较敏感,而HFUS对探测乳房内小肿块较敏感。结论DM和HFUS联合应用可提高早期细小乳腺癌病灶的检出率,并可实现二者的优势互补。     

早期乳腺癌的超声和X线摄影的对照研究

目的 探讨早期乳腺癌的超声和X线的特征性表现,提高其诊断率。材料与方法 50例乳腺癌和20例乳腺良性病变均行B超和X线检查,乳腺摄片时间为月经后10天内,所有病例均经病理证实。结果 B超诊断早期乳腺癌39例,其敏感性和特异性分别为78．0％和85．0％,准确性为80．0％;X线诊断早期乳癌41例,其敏感性和特异性分别为82．0％和90．05,准确性为84．3％。二者综合诊断,其敏感性和特异性为96．0％和76．5％,准确性为90．4％。结论 二者综合检查可提高早期乳腺癌诊断的敏感性和准确性。     

早期乳腺癌临床诊断分析

 目的 探讨早期乳腺癌临床特点,寻找提高早期乳腺癌诊断率的方法.方法 回顾性分析69例早期乳腺癌的临床资料.结果 乳腺局限性增厚42例(61%),可触及结节者仅24例(34.8%);有乳腺增生病史伴增生症状加重者50例(72.5%).钼靶X线单纯钙化27例(39.1%),肿块结节影11例(15.9%).56例(81.2%)超声检出边界不规则低回声结节,78.6%的结节内或周围可测到血流信号.25例通过空芯针穿刺获得诊断,44例由超声或钼靶定位后手术活检确诊.结论 高危因素妇女乳腺增生症状加重、乳腺局限性增厚是早期乳腺癌的重要表现;彩色多普勒超声对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值可能优于钼靶X线检查;及时对乳腺结节、局限性增厚等可疑病灶行组织学穿刺活检或在超声、钼靶定位后手术活检,可提高早期乳腺癌的诊断率.     

Evaluation of the role of mammography and echography in breast diseases in a controlled caseload

Data concerning patients who underwent mammography and breast ultrasonography and then breast surgery were collected and analyzed with a computer archive system. In previous papers the authors reported both design and implementation of the computer archive and analyzed the results concerning uncontrolled collected data; in the present paper data concerning controlled cases are evaluated, distinguishing between symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Asymptomatic patients represented 92% of the whole evaluated population. However only one third of the patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer was included in this group. Breast cancer was discovered in 65% of the patients who underwent diagnostic procedures and then surgery because of a palpable nodule. This percentage was lower (52%) in asymptomatic patients. Mammographic accuracy was about 90% in symptomatic patients and 81% in asymptomatic patients. Breast ultrasonography was performed as a subsequent step and always detected the lesion when palpable. Its sensitivity was 86% in asymptomatic patients. In patients who underwent surgery the false positive rate for cancer was higher with ultrasonography (59%) than with mammography (45%). Focal dysplasis were responsible for the majority of false positive diagnoses with both procedures. However, the false positive rate is low referring to the whole investigated population and is reshuffled by guided bioptic procedures. Ultrasonography was a useful tool when mammography had limitations: in fact ultrasonography detected a focal lesion in all patients with a surgically proven cancer and a previous negative mammography. The sets of data available from the continuous updating of the computer archive immediately clarified the differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and stressed the diagnostic capabilities of the different procedures.     

PET-CT与钼靶X线、B超定性诊断乳腺癌的临床对比研究

目的 探讨18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET-CT诊断乳腺癌的临床应用价值。方法 60例临床怀疑乳腺癌的患者分别行B超、钼靶X线乳腺摄影和PET-CT检查。结合术后病理,比较PET-CT、B超、钼靶X线乳腺摄影诊断乳腺癌的结果。结果 手术病理证实乳腺癌48例,良性病变12例。PET-CT目测法诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确率及阳性预测值分别为93.8%、83.3%、91.7%及95.7%,钼靶X线法分别为81.3%、83.3%、81.7%及95.1%,B超法分别为85.4%、83.3%、85.0%及95.3%。三种方法对乳腺癌的诊断效能无显著差异性(χ2=3.40,P>0.5)。结论 18F-FDGPET-CT诊断乳腺癌具有很好的临床应用价值,并能对乳腺癌的分期提供更多的信息。     

早期乳腺癌的CR、B超联合针吸细胞学诊断与病理对照分析

目的:探讨钼靶CR摄影、高频超声及针吸细胞学在乳腺肿块术前检查的联合应用,提高早期乳腺癌的诊断符合率。方法:对经手术病理确诊的126例早期乳腺癌(病灶直径≤2.0cm)与术前钼靶CR摄影、高频超声及针吸细胞学联合检查进行对比,分别得出诊断符合率。结果:钼靶CR摄影、高频超声、针吸细胞学及三种检查方法联合应用的诊断符合率分别为85%、83%、91%、98%。结论:对乳腺肿块患者进行术前联合检查是诊断早期乳腺癌的有效方法。     

临床查体、乳腺超声及X线检查诊断中国人乳腺癌的评价

目的 评价临床查体、乳腺超声及X线检查在诊断中国人乳腺癌中的价值,并比较3种检查的灵敏度、特异度和准确度,分析其联合诊断的意义.方法 对同期乳腺普查和门诊发现的112例可疑乳腺癌的病例(普查组38例,门诊组74例)均进行乳腺查体、超声及X线检查,并作穿刺或手术取活检明确病理诊断.3种检查的结果与病理诊断对照,分别计算出各自的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及κ值.结果 112例可疑乳腺癌病例中有61例乳腺癌,1例良性病变.乳腺临床查体、超声、X线检查的灵敏度分别为68.85%、88.52%、72.13%;特异度分别为88.23%、21.57%、56.86%;准确度分别为77.68%、58.04%、65.18%.三者两两联合后,乳腺超声与X线检查的灵敏度最高,为98.36%(P＜0.05),但特异度差,仅为3.92%(P＜0.05),准确度为55.36%,而临床查体与X线联合检查的灵敏度虽然较低,为85.25%,但特异度和准确度均较高,分别为56.86%和70.27%.结论 临床查体、乳腺超声、X线检查诊断乳腺癌各有特点.其中乳腺超声的灵敏度最高(P＜0.05),临床查体的特异度最好(P＜0.05),线检查对癌前病变及0期乳腺癌的检出率最高(P＜0.05).若三者联合使用,可以互相补充,减少漏诊,提高早期乳腺癌的检出率,满足大规模乳腺癌普查的需要.     

Effect of adding screening ultrasonography to screening mammography on patient recall and cancer detection rates: A retrospective study in Japan

Purpose

To determine whether adding screening ultrasonography to screening mammography can reduce patient recall rates and increase cancer detection rates.

Materials and methods

We analyzed the results of mammography and ultrasonography breast screenings performed at the Total Health Evaluation Center Tsukuba, Japan, between April 2011 and March 2012. We also reviewed the modalities and results of diagnostic examinations from women with mammographic abnormalities who visited the Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital for further testing.

Results

Of 11,753 women screened, cancer was diagnosed in 10 (0.22%) of the 4529 participants who underwent mammography alone, 23 (0.37%) of the 6250 participants who underwent ultrasonography alone, and 5 (0.51%) of the 974 participants who underwent mammography and ultrasonography. The recall rate due to mammographic abnormalities was 4.9% for women screened only with mammography and 2.6% for those screened with both modalities. The cancer detection rate was 0.22% for women screened only with mammography (positive predictive value, 4.5%) and 0.31% for those screened with both modalities (positive predictive value, 12.0%).Of the 211 lesions presenting as mammographic abnormalities investigated further, diagnostic ultrasonography found no abnormalities in 63 (29.9%) and benign findings in 69 (33.7%). The rest 36.4% needed mammography, cytological or histological examinations or follow-up in addition to diagnostic ultrasonography.

Conclusions

It is possible to reduce the recall rate in screening mammography by combining mammography and ultrasonography for breast screening.     

Detection of incidental breast tumors by noncontrast spiral computed tomography of the chest

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of breast tumors and breast cancers with noncontrast spiral chest computed tomography (CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A clinical study was conducted to evaluate findings in the mammary region of 1008 consecutive patients with no mammary symptoms or signs who underwent noncontrast spiral CT of the chest from April 2003 to March 2006. RESULTS: Six cases of breast abnormality were detected among the 1008 women. Three were primary breast cancers, one was metastatic breast cancer, and two were benign tumors. All four breast cancer patients were over 70 years old. The characteristics of the tumor margins on CT scans corresponded to the mammography and ultrasonography findings. The mammographic background density ranged from inhomogeneous high-density breast to fatty breast. The detection rate of primary breast cancer by noncontrast spiral CT was 0.30%. CONCLUSION: Noncontrast spiral chest CT occasionally detects nonsymptomatic breast cancers, especially in elderly patients.